EPS-石墨烯-水泥基复合吸波材料的制备与性能

杨元意; 石显芸; 丁仕豪; 陈博雨; 邹蕊麒; 李才英; 杨婷婷

EPS-石墨烯-水泥基复合吸波材料的制备与性能

杨元意^1, ,,
石显芸¹,
丁仕豪^{1, 2},
陈博雨^{1, 3},
邹蕊麒¹,
李才英¹,
杨婷婷¹

1.
西南石油大学　土木工程与测绘学院, 成都 610500
2.
西南交通大学　土木工程学院, 成都 610036
3.
重庆大学　土木工程学院, 重庆 400045

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52008359)；中国博士后面上项目(2020M673284)

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨元意，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为新型建筑材料，　E-mail: yangyuanyi@swpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU525；TB332
计量
- 文章访问数: 45
- HTML全文浏览量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-03
- 修回日期: 2024-07-30
- 录用日期: 2024-08-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-05

Preparation and Electromagnetic Absorbing Performance of EPS-Graphene-Cement-based Composites

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610036, China
3.
School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52008359); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M673284)

摘要

摘要: 为了应对城市建筑空间的电磁辐射威胁，本文研究了多层石墨烯(Multilayer graphene，MG)与发泡聚苯乙烯(Expanded polystyrene，EPS)球形颗粒对水泥基复合材料电磁吸波性能的影响规律，探究了双层平板结构EPS-MG-水泥基复合吸波材料的最优组合，阐述了该复合材料的吸波作用机制。实验结果表明：复合材料中的EPS颗粒在基体内形成了独特的多孔阵列结构，显著增强了材料与自由空间的电磁匹配性能；并且EPS球形颗粒既是透波剂也是谐振腔，在合理的掺量下能与MG搭配形成良好的多孔导电网络，可通过界面极化、电阻损耗以及极化弛豫等方式吸收入射电磁波的能量。在此基础上，通过双层平板组合结构，充分利用密度梯度及层间效应，进一步提高了电磁波能量在传输过程中的耗散作用，实现了结构与材料组分之间良好的协同增强效果，在2~18 GHz的有效吸收带宽达到了7.93 GHz，并获得−18.80 dB的最强吸收峰，具备良好的电磁吸波性能，为低成本建筑吸波材料的发展提供了新思路。
- 水泥 /
- 发泡聚苯乙烯 /
- 多层石墨烯 /
- 吸波性能 /
- 多孔结构 /
- 双层平板结构
Abstract: In order to cope with the threat of electromagnetic radiation in urban building spaces, the influence law of multi-layer graphene (MG) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) spherical particles on the electromagnetic absorption properties of cementitious composites was investigated. The optimal combination of EPS-MG-cement-based composite wave-absorbing materials with double-layer flat plate structure was explored, and the mechanism of wave-absorbing action of the composites was elaborated. The experimental results showed that the EPS particles in the composites form a unique porous array structure in the matrix, which significantly enhances the electromagnetic matching performance between the material and the free space. Moreover, the EPS spherical particles are both wave-transparent agents and resonance cavities, which can form a good porous conductive network with MG under reasonable doping, and can absorb the energy of the incident electromagnetic wave through interfacial polarization, resistive loss and polarization relaxation. On this basis, this paper makes full use of the density gradient and interlayer effect through the double-layer flat plate combination structure, which further improves the dissipation of electromagnetic wave energy in the transmission process, realizes a good synergistic enhancement effect between the structure and the material components, and the effective absorption bandwidth of 2~18 GHz reaches 7.93 GHz. The maximum absorption peak of −18.80 dB is obtained, which has a good electromagnetic wave absorbing performance, and provides a new idea for the development of wave-absorbing materials for low-cost buildings.
- cement /
- foam polystyrene particles /
- multilayer graphene /
- electromagnetic absorbing property /
- porous structure /
- double-layer structure

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图 1 试样制备流程及性能测试

Figure 1. The specimen preparation process and test

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图 2 试样双层浇筑示意图

Figure 2. The specimen preparation process

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图 3 不同EPS体积掺量下水泥基复合材料的(a)介电常数；(b)介电损耗角正切；(c)归一化阻抗；(d)损耗系数；(e) RL曲线；(f) RL等高线图；(g)有效带宽

Figure 3. (a) Permittivity; (b) Dielectric loss tangent; (c) Normalized impedance; (d) Loss coefficients; (e) RL curves; (f) RL contour map; (g) Bandwidth of absorbing composites with different EPS volume content

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图 4 不同EPS粒径复合材料的(a)介电常数；(b)介电损耗角正切；(c)归一化阻抗；(d)衰减系数；(e) RL曲线图；(f) RL等高线图；(g)有效带宽

Figure 4. (a) Permittivity; (b) Dielectric loss tangent; (c) Normalized impedance; (d) Loss coefficient; (e) RL curve diagram; (f) RL contour map; (g) Effective bandwidth of absorbing composites with different EPS particle size

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图 5 EPS为20 vol.%时不同MG掺量下EPS/水泥基复合吸波材料的(a)介电常数；(b)介电损耗角正切；(c)归一化阻抗；(d)衰减系数

Figure 5. (a) Permittivity; (b) Dielectric loss tangent; (c) Normalized impedance; (d) Loss coefficient of cement-based EPS absorbing composites with 20 vol.% EPS and different dosage of MG

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图 6 EPS为30 vol.%时不同MG掺量下EPS/水泥基复合吸波材料的(a)介电常数；(b)介电损耗角正切；(c)归一化阻抗；(d)衰减系数

Figure 6. (a) Permittivity; (b) Dielectric loss tangent; (c) Normalized impedance; (d) Loss coefficient of cement-based EPS absorbing composites with 30 vol.% EPS and different dosage of MG

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图 7 EPS为40 vol.%时不同MG掺量下EPS-MG-水泥基复合吸波材料的(a)介电常数；(b)介电损耗角正切；(c)归一化阻抗；(d)衰减系数

Figure 7. (a) Permittivity; (b) Dielectric loss tangent; (c) Normalized impedance; (d) Loss coefficient of cement-based EPS absorbing composites with 40 vol.% EPS and different dosage of MG

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图 8 EPS掺量为(a)20 vol.%；(b)30 vol.%；(c)40 vol.%时，与不同含量MG复掺的吸波材料的RL曲线及(d)有效带宽

Figure 8. The RL curves and (d)effective bandwidths of wave-absorbing materials doped with different contents of MG were obtained when EPS content was (a) 20 vol.%, (b) 30 vol.%, (c) 40 vol.%.

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图 9 双层结构EPS-MG-水泥基复合吸波材料的(a)结构示意图和(b)不同EPS掺量及厚度组合试件的吸波性能；(c) E30+E30 MG1.5试件的理论计算与实测RL对比图

Figure 9. (a) Structure diagram of the double-layer EPS-MG-cement-based composite absorbing material and (b) the absorbing properties of the combined specimens with different EPS content and thickness; (c) Comparison of calculated and experimental RL values of E30+E30 MG1.5

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图 10 典型单层介质材料RL曲线的干涉吸收峰

Figure 10. Coherent absorption peaks in the RL curve of a typical single-layer dielectric material

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图 11 E20MG1.5样品在(a) 8~12 GHz和(b) 12~18 GHz频率范围内各吸收峰处的Cole-Cole半圆曲线图

Figure 11. The Cole-Cole semicircle curves at the absorbing peaks in the frequency of (a) 8~12 GHz and (b) 12~18 GHz of sample E20MG1.5

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图 12 (a) EPS-MG-水泥基材料的Smith图和吸波机制图：(b1)多重反射；(b2)电阻损耗；(b3)偶极子极化；(b4)界面极化

Figure 12. The (a) Smith chart and schematic diagram of the absorption mechanism of EPS-MG-cement-based composites: (b1) multi-reflection; (b2) resistive loss; (b3) dipole polarization; (b4) interfacial polarization

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表 1 多层石墨烯(MG)的主要性能参数

Table 1. Main properties of Multilayer graphene (MG)

Size	Layer	Purity	Thickness	Carbon content
5~50 μm	5~10	>95%	3.4~8 nm	<97%

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表 2 发泡聚苯乙烯(EPS)-MG-水泥基复合吸波材料试样配比

Table 2. Expanded polystyrene (EPS)-MG-cement-based composite wave-absorbing material specimen proportioning

Sample	Cement/g	W: C	EPS/vol.%	MG/wt.%	EPS particle size range/mm	SP/g
E20	276.80	0.40	20	/	1~2	0.14
E30	242.20	0.40	30	/	1~2	0.12
E40	207.60	0.40	40	/	1~2	0.10
E30D0.75	242.20	0.40	30	/	0.5~1	0.12
E30D3	242.20	0.40	30	/	2~4	0.12
E20MG0.5	276.80	0.40	20	0.50	1~2	0.14
E20MG1	276.80	0.40	20	1.0	1~2	0.14
E20MG1.5	276.80	0.40	20	1.5	1~2	0.14
E30MG0.5	242.20	0.40	30	0.50	1~2	0.12
E30MG1	242.20	0.40	30	1.0	1~2	0.12
E30MG1.5	242.20	0.40	30	1.50	1~2	0.12
E40MG0.5	207.60	0.40	40	0.50	1~2	0.10
E40MG1	207.60	0.40	40	1.0	1~2	0.10
E40MG1.5	207.60	0.40	40	1.50	1~2	0.10
Notes: E—EPS; D—particle size of EPS; W: C represents the mass ratio of water to the cementitious material. The particle size of the unlabeled D value is unified as 1~2 mm.

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表 3 不同EPS粒径下复合吸波材料的波速、RL及输入阻抗

Table 3. v_m, n_r and Z_in of absorbing composites with different EPS particle size

EPS particle size	f_m1~f_m5					Δf_m1~Δf_m4
0.5~1 mm	9.96	14.79	15.33	16.65	/	4.83	0.54	1.32	/
1~2 mm	9.86	10.64	14.40	16.65	/	0.78	3.76	2.25	/
2~4 mm	8.91	9.61	14.04	17.16	17.58	0.70	4.43	3.12	0.42
EPS particle size	v_m1~v_m4				Average v_m	SD*		n_r	Z_in
0.5~1 mm	1.93	0.22	0.53	/	0.89	0.74		3.37	111.87
1~2 mm	0.31	1.50	0.90	/	0.90	0.49		3.33	113.21
2~4 mm	0.28	1.77	1.25	0.17	0.87	0.67		3.45	109.28
Notes: f_mn denotes frequency corresponding to the nth coherent peak in the range of 8~18 GHz; Δf_mn and v_mn denotes the bandwidth and wave velocity between f_m and f_m(n+1), respectively; SD* are the standard deviation of the wave velocity.

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