高吸水性树脂与纤维对自燃煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩的影响

刘世; 田建华; 魏述超; 戎晓健; 李冬

高吸水性树脂与纤维对自燃煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩的影响

刘世^{1, 2},
田建华¹,
魏述超¹,
戎晓健¹,
李冬^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
辽宁工程技术大学　土木工程学院, 阜新 123000
2.
辽宁省煤矸石资源化利用及节能建材重点实验室, 阜新 123000
3.
辽宁省煤基固废资源化利用工程研究中心, 阜新 123000

基金项目: 辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKQZ20222268；JYTMS20230817)；新疆煤炭资源绿色开采教育部重点实验室开放基金(KLXGY-KB2416)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李冬, 博士, 副教授, 硕士生导师, 研究方向为纤维水泥基复合材料　E-mail: lidong8998@163.com

中图分类号: TU528
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-08
- 修回日期: 2024-07-05
- 录用日期: 2024-07-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-01

Effect of super absorbent polymers and fiber on drying shrinkage of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete

LIU Shi^{1, 2},
TIAN Jianhua¹,
WEI Shuchao¹,
RONG Xiaojian¹,
LI Dong^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
College of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Coal Gangue Resource Utilization and Energy-saving Building Materials, Fuxin 123000, China
3.
Engineering Research Center of Coal-based Solid Waste Resource Utilization, Fuxin 123000, China

Funds: Basic Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province (LJKQZ20222268; JYTMS20230817); Key Laboratory of Green Coal Mining of Xinjiang, Ministry of Education (KLXGY-KB2416)

摘要

摘要: 为了探究有效降低自燃煤矸石混凝土收缩的方法，以高吸水性树脂(Super Absorbent Polymers，SAP)和聚丙烯(Polypropylene，PP)纤维掺量为变量，设计了7组自燃煤矸石混凝土试件，开展了自燃煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩试验和基体内部湿度测试试验。探究了SAP与PP纤维对基体收缩性能的影响规律，揭示了基体干燥收缩应变与内部相对湿度之间的变化规律，建立了自燃煤矸石混凝土收缩预测模型。结果表明：SAP和PP纤维的加入均能显著降低自燃煤矸石混凝土的干燥收缩，随着SAP掺量的增加，基体收缩应变先减小后增大；随着PP纤维掺量的增加，基体收缩应变逐渐减小。90d龄期时，SAP掺量为0.2%时对自燃煤矸石混凝土的减缩效果最好，与基准混凝土相比，其试件收缩应变降低了31.3%。SAP与PP纤维的加入可以抑制基体内部湿度的衰减，基体收缩应变与内部相对湿度呈线性变化；通过引入自燃煤矸石骨料影响系数对法国建筑行业规范AFREM中提出的收缩预测模型进行了修正，修正后模型的预测结果与试验结果吻合度较高，可用于自燃煤矸石骨料混凝土干燥收缩的计算。
- 自燃煤矸石 /
- 高吸水性树脂 /
- 聚丙烯纤维 /
- 收缩应变 /
- 内部相对湿度
Abstract: In order to explore the effective method of reducing the shrinkage of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete, seven groups of samples were designed with the different dosage of super absorbent polymers (SAP)and polypropylene (PP)fibers, the drying shrinkage test and the internal humidity test were carried out. The effect of SAP and PP fibers on shrinkage performance of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete was investigated, the influence of SAP and PP fibers on the internal humidity of the matrix was analyzed, and the law of change between the drying shrinkage strain and the internal relative humidity of the matrix was revealed. The shrinkage prediction model of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete was proposed. The results show that the addition of SAP and PP fibers can significantly reduce the drying shrinkage of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete. The shrinkage value of the matrix first decreases and then increases with the increasing of the SAP addition; the shrinkage value of the matrix gradually decreases with the increment of PP fibers dosage. At the age of 90 days, when the volume content of SAP is 0.2%, the shrinkage reduction effect of matrix is the best, and the shrinkage strain of the sample is reduced by 31.3% compared with the plain concrete. The addition of SAP and PP fibers can inhibit the decay of the internal humidity; the shrinkage strain and the internal relative humidity of the matrix vary linearly. By introducing the influence coefficient of spontaneous combustion coal gangue aggregate, the AFREM shrinkage prediction model is modified, the predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the modified shrinkage model can be used for the calculation of dry shrinkage of spontaneous combustion coal gangue aggregate concrete.
- spontaneous combustion coal gangue /
- super absorbent polymers /
- polypropylene fibers /
- shrinkage strain /
- internal relative humidity

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图 1 形状特征

Figure 1. Shape characteristics

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图 2 干燥收缩试验

Figure 2. Drying shrinkage test

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图 3 内部相对湿度试验

Figure 3. Internal relative humidity test

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图 4 不同类型自燃煤矸石混凝土抗压强度

Figure 4. Compressive strength of different types of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete

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图 5 不同高吸水性树脂(SAP)掺量的基体干燥收缩应变随龄期的发展规律

Figure 5. Development law of drying shrinkage strain of matrix with different super absorbent polymers(SAP) content

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图 6 SAP内养护作用机制^[35]

Figure 6. Internal curing mechanism of SAP^[35]

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图 7 掺入聚丙烯(PP)纤维的基体干燥收缩应变随龄期的变化规律

Figure 7. Variation of drying shrinkage of the polypropylene (PP) fibers reinforced matrix under different curing time

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图 8 归一化的基体干燥收缩应变曲线：(a) SAP；(b) PP

Figure 8. Normalized drying shrinkage strain curve of the matrix:(a) SAP; (b) PP

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图 9 SAP和PP纤维对基体干燥收缩应变的影响

Figure 9. Effect of SAP and PP fibers on drying shrinkage of the matrix

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图 10 不同掺量SAP和PP纤维的基体收缩应变变化率：(a) 28 d；(b) 90 d

Figure 10. Variation of drying shrinkage strain of the matrix with different SAP and PP fibers dosage: (a) 28 d; (b) 90 d

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图 11 不同SAP掺量对基体内部湿度的影响

Figure 11. Influence of SAP content on internal humidity of the matrix

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图 12 不同掺量PP纤维对基体内部湿度的影响

Figure 12. Effect of PP fibers dosage on internal humidity of the matrix

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图 13 自燃煤矸石混凝土内部湿度衰减率：(a)SAP；(b)PP

Figure 13. Decay rate of the internal humidity of different samples: (a)SAP; (b)PP

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图 14 基体干燥收缩应变与内部相对湿度的关系: (a) NC; (b) 0.1%SAP/NC; (c) 0.2%SAP/NC; (d) 0.3%SAP/NC; (e) 0.05%PP/NC;(f) 0.1%PP/NC; (g) 0.15%PP/NC

Figure 14. Relation between dry shrinkage strain and internal relative humidity of the matrix: (a) NC; (b) 0.1%SAP/NC; (c) 0.2%SAP/NC; (d) 0.3%SAP/NC;(e) 0.05%PP/NC; (f) 0.1%PP/NC; (g) 0.15%PP/NC

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图 15 干燥收缩试验结果与现有混凝土收缩预测模型的对比：(a) SAP；(b) PP

Figure 15. Comparison of drying shrinkage test results with existing predicted values: (a)SAP; (b)PP

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图 16 自燃煤矸石骨料影响系数G_A与SAP掺量间的关系

Figure 16. Relationship between the influence coefficient G_A and SAP content

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图 17 SAP内养护效果时间影响系数α、β和干燥收缩时间影响系数δ与龄期的关系：(a) α；(b) β；(c) δ

Figure 17. Relationship between influence coefficients α, β, δ and curing time with SAP: (a) α; (b) β; (c) δ

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图 18 自燃煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩试验值与修正后模型计算值的对比

Figure 18. Comparison of drying shrinkage of the matrix between the test values and predicted values

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图 19 自燃煤矸石骨料影响系数G_B与PP纤维掺量间的关系

Figure 19. Relationship between the influence coefficient G_B and the content of PP fibers

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图 20 PP纤维减缩效果时间影响系数ρ、干燥收缩时间影响系数Φ与干燥龄期的关系：(a) ρ；(b) Φ

Figure 20. Relationship between the time effect coefficient ρ, the drying shrinkage time effect coefficient Φ and the drying age influence of PP fibers: (a) ρ; (b) Φ

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图 21 自燃煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩试验值与修正后模型计算值比较

Figure 21. Comparison between the test value and the predicted value of drying shrinkage of the fiber reinforced matrix

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图 22 文献中煤矸石混凝土干燥收缩试验值与修正后模型计算值的对比

Figure 22. Comparison between the test value and the predicted value of drying shrinkage of the coal gangue concrete reinforced matrix

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表 1 自燃煤矸石基本物理性质

Table 1. Basic physical properties of spontaneous combustion coal gangue

Type	Apparent density/ (g·cm⁻³)	Packing density/ (g·cm⁻³)	Crush value/%	Water content/%	24 hWater absorption rate/%
Spontaneous combustion coal gangue	2.63	1.04	19.4	0.44	8.64

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表 2 PP纤维基本物理性质

Table 2. Basic physical properties of PP fibers

Type	Density/(g·cm⁻³)	Tensile strength/MPa	Elastic modulus/GPa	Length/mm
PP fibers	0.91	568	4.35	19

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表 3 混凝土试件组分配合比(kg/m⁻³)

Table 3. Mix proportions of concrete specimens (kg/m⁻³)

Item	Cement	Fly ash	Water	Sand	Coarse aggregate	Water reducer	SAP	PP fiber	Internal conservation water
NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.0	0.00	0
0.1%SAP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.4	0.00	10
0.2%SAP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.8	0.00	20
0.3%SAP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	1.2	0.00	30
0.05%PP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.0	0.46	0
0.1%PP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.0	0.91	0
0.15%PP/NC	320	80	152	750	1040	4	0.0	1.37	0
Notes: In the specimens of spontaneous combustion coal gangue concrete with super absorbent polymers (SAP)or polypropylene (PP)fibers, a%SAP/NC—SAP volume fraction in the matrix is a%, b%PP/NC—PP fibers volume fraction in the matrix is b%. The dosage of SAP and PP of item NC is 0.

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表 4 混凝土干燥收缩模型对比分析

Table 4. Comparative analysis of drying shrinkage models of concrete

Model	Drying shrinkage limit/ε_cd,0	Drying shrinkage development function/β_ds(t)	Consideration factor
Model	Calculation formula	Calculation formula	Consideration factor
AFREM	$K\left( {{f_{{\text{cu}}}}} \right)A\left( {{f_{{\text{cu}}}},{R_{\text{H}}}} \right) \times {10^{ - 6}}$	$ \dfrac{{t - {t_{\text{s}}}}}{{{\beta _{\text{s}}}{{\left( {{{{A_{\text{c}}}} / u}} \right)}^2} + \left( {t - {t_{\text{s}}}} \right)}} $	Drying age, ambient humidity, specimen size, concrete strength, water cement ratio
fib	$160 + 10{\beta _{{\text{sc}}}}\left( {9 - {{{f_{{\text{cu}}}}}/ {{f_{{\text{cu0}}}}}}} \right) \times {10^{ - 6}}$	$ {\left( {\dfrac{{t - {t_{\text{s}}}}}{{350{{\left( {{h/ {{h_0}}}} \right)}^2} + \left( {t - {t_{\text{s}}}} \right)}}} \right)^{{1/ 2}}} $	Drying age, ambient humidity, cement type, strength, specimen size
ACI209.2 R	$ 780{{\gamma }_{\text{cp}}}{{\gamma }_{\text{ } \lambda \text{ }}}{{\gamma }_{\text{h}}}{{\gamma }_{\text{s}}}{{\gamma }_{\text{ } \psi \text{ }}}{{\gamma }_{\text{ } \alpha \text{ }}}{{\gamma }_{\text{c}}}\times {{10}^{-6}} $	$ \dfrac{{{{\left( {t - {t_{\text{s}}}} \right)}^\alpha }}}{{f + {{\left( {t - {t_{\text{s}}}} \right)}^\alpha }}} $	Drying age, curing conditions, ambient humidity, specimen size, gas content, slump, sand strain, cement dosage
EC2	$ 0.85\left[ \begin{gathered} 220 + 110{\alpha _{{\text{ds1}}}} \\ \exp \left( { - {\alpha _{{\text{ds2}}}}{\raise0.7 ex\hbox{${{f_{{\text{cu}}}}}$} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{f_{{\text{cu}}}}} {{f_{{\text{cu0}}}}}}}\right.} \lower0.7 ex\hbox{${{f_{{\text{cu0}}}}}$}}} \right) \\ \end{gathered} \right]{\beta _{{\text{RH}}}} \times {10^{ - 6}} $	$\dfrac{{t - {t_{\text{s}}}}}{{\left( {t - {t_{\text{s}}}} \right) + 0.04\sqrt {{{\left( {{{2{A_{\text{c}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{2{A_{\text{c}}}} u}} \right. } u}} \right)}^3}} }}$	Concrete strength, cement type, environment, ambient humidity, drying age, specimen size
Notes: K(f_cu)−the strength of concrete related to the diffusion of internal moistureconstant; A(f_cu,R_H)—the shrinkage of concrete when the internal humidity decreases due to the self-drying and moisture diffusion process; β_s—correlation coefficient of mineral admixtures; A_c—section area(mm²); u—section perimeter(mm); t—the considered age of the concrete (d); t_s—the age of the concrete at the begineering of drying shrinkage(d); β_sc—influence coefficient of cement variety; f_cu—compressive strength of concrete at 28 d (MPa); f_cu0—the average compressive strength of concrete(MPa); h—the effective dimensions of the cross-section(mm); h₀—the constant value(mm); γ_cp—correction factor for maintenance conditions; γ_λ—correction factor for ambient relative humidity; γ_h—correction factor for component dimensions; γ_s—correction factor for collapse; γ_ψ—correction factor for sand rate; γ_α—correction factor for gas content; γ_c—correction factor for cement content; α—a constant value depending on the shape and size of the specimen; f— a constant value about curing time(d); α_ds1, α_ds2—influence coefficients depending on the type of cement; β_RH— influence coefficient depending on the relative humidity of the ambient atmosphere.

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