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基于加工变形的复合材料固化残余应力评估方法

刘学术 乔仁勇

刘学术, 乔仁勇. 基于加工变形的复合材料固化残余应力评估方法[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(7): 4260-4269. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220922.002
引用本文: 刘学术, 乔仁勇. 基于加工变形的复合材料固化残余应力评估方法[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(7): 4260-4269. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220922.002
LIU Xueshu, QIAO Renyong. Cure-induced residual stresses assessment of composite materials based on machining deformation[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(7): 4260-4269. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220922.002
Citation: LIU Xueshu, QIAO Renyong. Cure-induced residual stresses assessment of composite materials based on machining deformation[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(7): 4260-4269. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220922.002

基于加工变形的复合材料固化残余应力评估方法

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220922.002
基金项目: 中央高校基础科研业务费(DUT21 GF305);山东省海上航天装备技术创新中心(鲁东大学)开放课题基金(MAETIC2021-04)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    刘学术,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为复合材料制件连接装配 E-mail: liuxs@dlut.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Cure-induced residual stresses assessment of composite materials based on machining deformation

Funds: The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT21 GF305); Supported by the Open Project Program of Shandong Marine Aerospace Equipment Technological Innovation Center, Ludong University (MAETIC2021-04)
  • 摘要: 各向异性的复合材料在固化成型过程中极易产生残余应力,直接影响后续的加工与连接装配。因此,掌握复合材料固化残余应力的分布规律是实现复合材料制件高性能制造的前提和基础。本文在分析传统切割槽法测量应力的基础上,根据变形产生机制将制件在切割槽加工后所产生的变形分为由固化残余应力释放及重力引起的两部分组成。在利用有限元方法给出重力影响制件几何变形规律后,依据弯曲变形理论建立了固化残余应力与试件几何变形之间的映射关系,并据此获得固化残余应力分布状态。与传统切割槽法所得结果对比后表明:本文所提方法能得到与传统切割槽法相一致的应力分布规律;当选择合适的测量点位置后二者对固化残余应力估算的平均误差可控制在14%以内。

     

  • 图  1  切割槽法示意图

    Figure  1.  Slitting method schematic

    σx(z)—Residual stress component; d—Cutting depth; t—Thickness of specimen; u—Width of slitting; λ—Width of residual stress release area; S—Wall surface

    图  2  变形区域简化力学模型

    Figure  2.  Mechanical model of deformation region

    Fx(d)—Equivalent force; L—Length of deformation area of the specimen; q(d)—Distance from the action position of Fx(d) to the neutral plane of the cantilever beam

    图  3  力学模型

    Figure  3.  Mechanical model

    Me(d)—Moment generated by Fx(d); ω(x)—Total deflection in x point;ωm(x)—Deflection caused by residual stress;ωG(x)—Deflection caused by gravity G

    图  4  三角附加应力

    Figure  4.  Triangular additional stress

    σd—Initial curing stress; Sd—Additional stress on top surface; S'd—Additional stress on the lower surface; hud—Distance from the neutral plane to the upper surface; hld—Distance from neutral plane to the lower surface; Δd—Depth increment; h(d)—Position of the neutral plane of the specimen

    图  5  激光测距仪固定位置 (a) 及试验装置图 (b)

    Figure  5.  Laser rangefinder location (a) and experimental setup (b)

    图  6  激光测距仪及应变片布置示意图

    Figure  6.  Schematic diagram of laser rangefinder and strain gauge arrangement

    图  7  有限元模型

    Figure  7.  Finite element model

    U1, U2, U3, UR1, UR2, UR3—Displacement and rotational degrees of freedom along 1, 2 and 3 axis respectively

    图  8  铝合金-复合材料层压板不同位置处应变-切深关系曲线

    Figure  8.  Strain-depth curves of aluminum-composite laminate at different locations

    图  9  铝合金-复合材料层压板不同位置处应力-切深曲线

    Figure  9.  Stress-depth curves of aluminum-composite laminate at different locations

    图  10  铝合金-复合材料层压板不同位置处位移-切深曲线

    Figure  10.  Displacement-depth curves of aluminum-composite laminate at different locations

    图  11  铝合金-复合材料层压板重力产生位移-切深曲线

    Figure  11.  Displacement-depth curves induced by gravity of aluminum-composite laminate

    图  12  重力消除后铝合金-复合材料层压板位移-切深曲线

    Figure  12.  Displacement-depth curves of aluminum-composite laminate without gravity

    图  13  铝合金-复合材料层压板半解析法与切割槽法应力对比曲线

    Figure  13.  Stress comparison curves of aluminum-composite laminate between the semi-analytical method and the slitting method

    表  1  试件力学性能

    Table  1.   Mechanical properties of specimen

    AluminumE=70 GPaG=27 GPaν=0.33
    CompositeEx=Ey=6.5 GPaGxy=2.5 GPaν=0.31
    Notes: E—Elastic modulus; G—Shear modulus; ν—Poisson's ratio.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  加工参数

    Table  2.   Machining parameters

    Spindle speed/(r·min−1)Feed rate
    /(mm·min−1)
    Cutting depth/mmCutting times
    4000180129
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  铝合金-复合材料层压板应力对比及误差分析

    Table  3.   Stress comparison and error analysis of aluminum-composite laminate

    Depth/mmSlitting method/MPaSemi-analytical method/MPaError/%
    80 mm100 mm140 mm80 mm100 mm140 mm
    1 0.71 0.49 0.46 0.46 30.8 34.9 35.3
    2 −0.19 −0.11 −0.07 −0.05 43.4 60.7 72.0
    3 −1.03 −0.67 −0.67 −0.62 35.2 35.0 39.9
    4 −1.55 −1.14 −1.16 −1.16 26.2 25.0 24.8
    5 −1.85 −1.51 −1.55 −1.59 18.5 16.3 13.9
    6 −1.97 −1.80 −1.72 −1.83 8.7 12.6 7.2
    7 −1.92 −1.83 −1.92 −1.92 4.9 0.0 0.3
    8 −1.74 −1.64 −1.63 −1.77 5.7 6.3 1.9
    9 −1.44 −1.42 −1.49 −1.55 0.9 3.5 7.6
    10 −1.04 −1.15 −1.11 −1.09 10.7 7.1 4.9
    11 −0.57 −0.68 −0.64 −0.55 19.1 12.8 3.3
    12 −0.05 −0.12 −0.03 −0.06 124.0 51.1 21.8
    13 0.49 0.50 0.55 0.38 2.1 11.4 23.2
    14 1.04 1.11 1.20 1.05 6.9 15.7 1.3
    15 1.57 1.89 1.84 1.80 20.3 17.7 14.7
    16 2.05 2.48 2.36 2.31 20.9 15.0 12.3
    17 2.48 2.97 2.94 2.83 19.8 18.8 14.1
    18 2.81 3.35 3.34 3.20 19.0 18.6 14.0
    19 3.04 3.56 3.49 3.44 17.3 14.7 13.1
    20 3.13 3.59 3.49 3.48 14.6 11.5 11.3
    21 3.07 3.30 3.28 3.24 7.7 6.9 5.7
    22 2.83 2.81 2.79 2.80 0.5 1.2 0.8
    23 2.38 2.21 2.22 2.28 7.4 6.7 4.2
    24 1.72 1.54 1.63 1.64 10.5 5.2 4.6
    25 0.80 0.58 0.69 0.79 28.2 13.7 1.8
    26 −0.38 −0.33 −0.30 −0.34 12.3 19.4 9.4
    27 −1.85 −1.46 −1.47 −1.57 21.0 20.5 15.2
    28 −3.24 −2.50 −2.63 −2.75 22.9 18.7 15.2
    29 −4.57 −3.61 −3.73 −3.92 20.9 18.3 14.3
    Average error 20.0 17.2 14.1
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-29
  • 修回日期:  2022-09-02
  • 录用日期:  2022-09-15
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-09-23
  • 刊出日期:  2023-07-15

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