基于变截面设计的新型仿生类蜂窝结构的耐撞性

李响; 李宁创; 吴海华; 付君健; 胡启双; 赵越超; 李周发

基于变截面设计的新型仿生类蜂窝结构的耐撞性

李响^{1, 2, 3, ,},
李宁创²,
吴海华^{1, 2, 3},
付君健^{1, 2},
胡启双²,
赵越超²,
李周发⁴

1.
三峡大学　水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室, 宜昌 443002
2.
三峡大学　机械与动力学院, 宜昌 443002
3.
三峡大学　石墨增材制造技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心, 宜昌 443002
4.
中船重工中南装备有限责任公司, 宜昌 443000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51305232)；国家自然科学基金(51575313)；湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划重点项目(D20181206)；水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2021KJX08)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李响，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为新型夹层结构创新设计及其力学行为　E-mail: lixiangcfy@ctgu.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 41
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-06
- 修回日期: 2024-07-15
- 录用日期: 2024-07-23
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-16

Crashworthiness of a novel bionic quasi-honeycomb structure based on variable cross-section design

LI Xiang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
LI Ningchuang²,
WU Haihua^{1, 2, 3},
FU Junjian^{1, 2},
HU Qishuang²,
ZHAO Yuechao²,
LI Zhoufa⁴

1.
Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Design and Maintenance of Hydropower Machinery and Equipment, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
2.
College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
3.
Hubei Engineering Research Center for Graphite Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
4.
China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Zhongnan Equipment Co, Yichang 443000, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Fund Project (51305232); National Natural Science Foundation of China (51575313); Key Project of Science and Technology Research Programme of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (D20181206); Open Fund Project of Hubei Key Laboratory for Design and Maintenance of Hydropower Machinery and Equipment (2021KJX08)

摘要

摘要: 为有效提升薄壁结构的吸能特性，受到骨骼和竹子结构的启发，提出了一种新型变截面仿生类蜂窝结构(VCBQH)。该结构在提高吸能特性的同时能有效降低结构的峰值碰撞力。通过准静态压缩试验，我们对比分析了0-2级VCBQH结构与传统蜂窝结构(TH)在轴向与径向压缩下的能量吸收特性。研究发现，层级数的增加可显著降低VCBQH结构的峰值碰撞力，其中2级结构的峰值碰撞力分别较TH结构和0级VCBQH结构降低了23.33%和44.54%。此外，我们研究了角度、壁厚和层级对VCBQH结构耐撞性能的影响。结果显示，增加壁厚和层级均可提高结构的比吸能，但壁厚的增加会提高结构的初始峰值力，而合理设计的角度恰好可以弥补这一缺陷。在相同壁厚的情况下，2级VCBQH结构随角度增加，其比吸能提高了21.50%，同时初始峰值力下降了26.04%。
- 有限元 /
- 层级 /
- 蜂窝结构 /
- 仿生 /
- 耐撞性
Abstract: To enhance the energy absorption of thin-walled structures, we propose a novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structure (VCBQH), inspired by bone and bamboo. This design improves energy absorption and reduces peak collision force (PCF). Through quasi-static compression tests and finite element simulations, we compared the energy absorption characteristics of 0-2 layers VCBQH with a traditional honeycomb structure (TH). Results show that increasing layers significantly reduces PCF, with VCBQH-2 exhibiting a 23.33% decrease compared to TH and a 44.54% decrease compared to VCBQH-0. We also found that increasing wall thickness and layers enhances specific energy absorption (SEA), though it may increase PCF. However, optimizing angles can mitigate this issue. Under the equal mass, the VCBQH-2 exhibits a 21.50% increase in SEA with a concurrent 26.04% reduction in PCF as the angle is adjusted. or VCBQH-2, adjusting the angle results in a 21.50% increase in SEA and a 26.04% reduction in PCF.
- finite element /
- hierarchy /
- honeycomb structure /
- bionic /
- crashworthiness

HTML全文

图 1 结构示意图：(a) 仿生结构设计流程；(b) 0-2级新型变截面仿生类蜂窝结构的几何特征；(c) 变截面设计示意图

Figure 1. Structural schematic diagrams: (a) Bionic structure design process; (b) Geometrical characteristics of the novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structures from 0-2 layers; (c) Schematic diagram of variable cross-section design

Notes: L₀ , L₀’-Length of the outer edge of the VCBQH; L₁, L₁’-Length of the inner hexagonal honeycomb edge of the VCBQH-2; t₀-Wall thickness of the honeycomb structure; θ-Angle of the variable cross-section design; H-Height of the honeycomb structure.

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图 2 试验设备示意图：(a)为电子万能试验机，数据采集器及数码相机；(b)狗骨拉伸试验；(c)所制备的TH与VCBQH的试样及狗骨试样尺寸

Figure 2. Diagram of experimental equipment：(a) Electronic universal testing machine, data collector, digital camera；(b) Tensile test；(c) Prepared specimens of TH and VCBQH and dimensional parameters of the dog bone

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图 3 标准试样的工程应力-应变曲线

Figure 3. Engineering stress-strain curve of standard specimens

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图 4 仿真分析：(a) TH与VCBQH有限元模型示意图；(b) 网格收敛性分析

Figure 4. Analysis of FEM: (a) Schematic diagram of TH and VCBQH finite element models；(b) Mesh convergence analysis

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图 5 有限元模型验证：(a) 斜坡速度；(b)内能与动能对比曲线

Figure 5. Finite element model validation：(a) Slope velocity；(b) Comparison curve of internal energy and kinetic energy

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图 6 试验与有限元仿真结果对比：(a) TH的变形模式及应力-应变曲线；(b) VCBQH-0的变形模式及应力-应变曲线；(c) VCBQH-1的变形模式及应力-应变曲线；(d) VCBQH-2的变形模式及应力-应变曲线

Figure 6. Comparison of test and finite element simulation results：(a) Deformation mode and stress-strain curve of TH；(b) Deformation mode and stress-strain curve of VCBQH-0；(c) Deformation mode and stress-strain curve of VCBQH-1；(d) Deformation mode and stress-strain curve of VCBQH-2

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图 7 四种结构在轴向压缩载荷下的力学性能：(a) 载荷-位移曲线；(b) 能量吸收曲线

Figure 7. Mechanical properties of four structures under axial compressive loading: (a) Load-displacement curves；(b) Energy absorption curves

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图 8 四种结构在径向压缩载荷下的力学性能：(a) 载荷-位移曲线；(b) 能量吸收曲线

Figure 8. Mechanical properties of four structures under radial compressive loading: (a) Load-displacement curves; (b) Energy absorption curves

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图 9 径向压缩载荷下四种结构试验与有限元仿真的对比：(a) TH；(b) VCBQH-0；(c) VCBQH-1；(d) VCBQH-2

Figure 9. Comparison of deformation patterns between four structural tests and finite element simulations under radial compressive loading: (a) TH;(b) VCBQH-0; (c) VCBQH-1; (d) VCBQH-2

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表 1 传统蜂窝与新型变截面仿生类蜂窝结构的尺寸参数

Table 1. Dimensional parameters of traditional honeycomb (TH) and the novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structure (VCBQH)

Specimen	L₀	L₁	t₀	θ	H	m
Specimen	mm	mm	mm	°	mm	g
TH	30	0	1.84	0	50	43.162
VCBQH-0	30	0	2.00	30	50	43.160
VCBQH-1	30	0	1.00	30	50	43.161
VCBQH-2	30	15	0.82	30	50	43.158
Notes: L₀-Length of the outer edge of the VCBQH; L₁-Length of the inner hexagonal honeycomb edge of the VCBQH-2; t₀-Wall thickness of the honeycomb structure; θ-Angle of the variable cross-section design; H-Height of the honeycomb structure; m-Mass of the honeycomb structure.

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表 2 标准试样的性能参数

Table 2. Performance parameters of standard specimens

Material	ρ	Young's modulus	Poisson's ratio	Yield strength
Material	g/cm³	MPa		MPa
PLA	1.989	1581.61	0.32	29.3
Notes: PLA-Polylactic acid; ρ- Density of PLA.

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表 3 试验与有限元仿真结果对比

Table 3. Comparison of tests and finite element simulation results

Tubes	t₀/mm	H/mm	m/g	PCF/kN			MCF/kN			SEA/(J·g⁻¹)
Tubes	t₀/mm	H/mm	m/g	Sim	Exp	Error%	Sim	Exp	Error%	Sim
TH	1.84	50	43.162	8.573	8.926	−3.955	2.841	3.011	−5.646	2.218
VCBQH-0	2.00	50	43.160	10.835	12.34	−12.196	4.869	4.429	9.935	3.722
VCBQH-1	1.00	50	43.161	7.382	6.752	9.331	3.27	3.332	−1.861	2.759
VCBQH-2	0.82	50	43.158	5.8	6.844	−15.254	3.671	3.889	−5.606	2.940
Notes: TH—Traditional honeycomb; VCBQH-0-0-layer novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structure；VCBQH-1—1-layer novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structure；VCBQH-2—2-layer novel variable cross-section bionic quasi-honeycomb structure; PCF—Peak collision force; MCF—Mean collision force; SEA-Specific energy absorption.

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表 4 试验与有限元仿真结果对比

Table 4. Comparison of tests and finite element simulation results

Tubes	t₀/mm	H/mm	m/g	PCF/kN			MCF/kN			SEA/(J·g⁻¹)
Tubes	t₀/mm	H/mm	m/g	Sim	Exp	Error%	Sim	Exp	Error%	Sim
TH	1.84	50	43.157	0.205	0.190	7.89	0.137	0.132	3.79	0.1399
VCBQH-0	2.00	50	43.160	0.385	0.444	-13.29	0.256	0.266	-3.76	0.2095
VCBQH-1	1.00	50	43.164	1.078	1.026	5.07	0.529	0.591	-10.49	0.4223
VCBQH-2	0.82	50	43.155	0.911	0.838	8.71	0.743	0.733	1.36	0.6096

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表 5 不同角度对0-2级VCBQH耐撞性的影响

Table 5. Effect of different angles on the crashworthiness of 0-2 layers VCBQH

Models	θ/(°)	m/g	PCF/kN	MCF/kN	SEA/(J·g⁻¹)
VCBQH-0	20	53.52	136.77	67.53	41.39
	25	53.52	135.10	59.00	35.82
	30	53.52	132.51	60.35	35.84
	35	53.52	126.23	75.71	47.66
	40	53.52	118.02	65.30	38.62
	45	53.52	108.09	63.75	37.91
	50	53.52	96.68	62.53	37.29
VCBQH-1	20	53.52	124.46	53.25	34.23
	25	53.52	122.48	52.55	33.51
	30	53.52	119.17	53.43	34.29
	35	53.52	118.95	55.38	34.90
	40	53.52	103.00	55.90	35.40
	45	53.52	108.93	56.04	35.04
	50	53.52	99.97	62.58	39.65
VCBQH-2	20	53.52	126.60	63.59	41.34
	25	53.52	121.91	65.74	42.48
	30	53.52	120.29	68.54	44.39
	35	53.52	109.59	68.95	44.67
	40	53.52	98.26	70.09	45.37
	45	53.52	96.60	71.42	46.26
	50	53.52	93.63	77.44	50.23

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表 6 不同壁厚与角度对VCBQH-2的耐撞性影响

Table 6. Effect of different wall thicknesses and angles on crashworthiness of VCBQH-2

θ/(°)	t₀/mm	m/g	PCF/kN	MCF/kN	EA/J	SEA/(J·g⁻¹)
20	0.75	41.06	96.40	41.73	1445.24	35.20
	1.00	53.93	125.76	63.37	2194.60	40.70
	1.25	66.39	153.31	90.15	3129.85	47.15
	1.50	78.44	183.01	139.82	4804.84	61.26
25	0.75	40.39	92.62	41.51	1433.53	35.49
	1.00	53.03	122.88	64.76	2240.58	42.25
	1.25	65.27	147.98	91.30	3142.85	48.16
	1.50	77.09	176.37	135.36	4659.66	60.44
30	0.75	39.71	84.49	41.59	1434.17	36.12
	1.00	52.13	113.52	64.47	2220.68	42.60
	1.25	64.13	140.69	90.95	3122.36	48.69
	1.50	75.73	174.30	132.52	4497.33	59.39
35	0.75	39.02	77.05	40.99	1422.65	36.46
	1.00	51.21	104.85	63.57	2200.11	42.96
	1.25	64.86	135.93	96.94	3334.75	51.41
	1.50	74.37	163.08	130.49	4500.33	60.52
40	0.75	38.33	69.49	40.47	1399.33	36.51
	1.00	50.29	94.47	63.07	2188.36	43.52
	1.25	61.84	118.91	89.52	3096.07	50.07
	1.50	72.98	154.50	131.07	4508.82	61.78
45	0.75	37.63	63.90	41.42	1437.39	38.20
	1.00	49.36	83.94	60.71	2100.58	42.56
	1.25	60.67	113.86	92.30	3186.02	52.51
	1.50	71.58	143.28	132.40	4502.97	62.91
50	0.75	36.92	58.04	40.18	1402.95	38.00
	1.00	48.41	81.71	58.07	2007.27	41.47
	1.25	59.49	103.52	86.10	2973.81	49.99
	1.50	70.16	136.46	130.60	4460.40	63.58
Note: EA—Energy absorption.

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