Research progress of aqueous magnesium ion battery
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摘要: 水系镁离子电池作为一种新兴的储能体系具有低成本、原料来源充足、高理论储能能力等优势。但水系电解液和镁自身带来的问题都极大地限制了水系镁离子电池的进一步发展。本文主要从水系电解液的阴离子类型、浓度和电解液添加剂三方面阐述对电池性能的影响,并介绍了一些电极材料的研究,包括新材料和新理论,最后总结了一些高效表征分析方法。Abstract: As a newly developed energy storage system, aqueous magnesium ion battery takes its edge by lower cost, more abundant source of raw materials, higher theoretical energy storage capacity. However, the problems brought by aqueous electrolytes and magnesium themselves greatly limit the further development of aqueous magnesium ion batteries. Here, the influence of the type and concentration of anions in aqueous electrolyte and electrolyte additives on the battery performance is described, and the research of some electrode materials, including new materials and new theories, is introduced. Finally, some efficient characterization and analysis methods are summarized.
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图 5 电化学转化法制备的MgMn2O4及其电化学性能[55]:(a) MgMn2O4材料的恒流充放电测试(GCD);(b) MgMn2O4材料的循环性能;(c) 循环伏安(CV)曲线;(d) MgMn2O4材料的SEM图像;(e) MgMn2O4材料的TEM图像
Figure 5. MgMn2O4 prepared by electrochemical conversion method and its electrochemical performance[55]: (a) Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) test of MgMn2O4 material; (b) Cyclic performance of MgMn2O4 material; (c) Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves; (d) SEM image of MgMn2O4 material; (e) TEM image of MgMn2O4 material
图 10 利用电化学原子力显微镜技术(EC-AFM)原位观测双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺锂(LiTFSI)水电解质存在下的固体电解质界面(SEI)层[81]
Figure 10. In-situ observation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer in the presence of lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI)-water electrolyte by electrochemical-controlled atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM)[81]
OCP—Open circuit potential
表 1 水系电解液主要研究方向
Table 1. Main research directions of aqueous electrolyte
Research direction Specific research Ref. Anion type Cl− as the main anion [26-29] Kosmotropic anion as the main anion, e.g., SO42− [30-32] Chaotropic anion as the main anion, e.g., NO3− [19] Electrolyte concentration “Water-in-salt” electrolyte [33-35] Hydrated eutectic electrolyte system [19] Hydrate melts, water in water ionomers, molecular crowding, etc. [36-40] Mixed cation Mg/Na, Mg/Zn, etc. [29, 41-42] Electrolyte additive Improve battery performance or alleviate various problems caused by electrolyte [43-44] -
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