Research progress of green and low consumption preparation method of cellulose nanocrystal and its application
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摘要: 纳米纤维素是地球上最为丰富的生物质资源，具有易降解、可再生、无毒性且廉价易得等优点，纤维素纳米晶(CNC)是纳米纤维素的主要产品之一，因其高结晶度、高抗拉强度、高刚度、高比表面积等优异的理化特性，近年来受到了广泛的研究和关注。对比了传统无机酸水解法和近年来有利于节约能耗、环境友好的几种CNC新型制备方法的优缺点，介绍了CNC各新型制备方法及其优化工艺的最新研究进展，综述了CNC复合材料在食品包装、造纸行业助留助滤和纸张性能提升、固定化酶技术以及废水处理等领域的最新应用研究进展，最后，对CNC的制备方法和应用研究进行了讨论，旨在为促进CNC及其复合材料的规模化生产和推广应用提供理论参考。
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关键词:
- 纤维素纳米晶(CNC) /
- 绿色 /
- 制备方法 /
- 应用 /
- 研究进展
Abstract: Nanocellulose is the most abundant biomass resources on the earth, with the advantages of easy degradation, renewable, non-toxic, cheap and easy to obtain.Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) is one of the main products of nanocellulose. Due to its excellent physical and chemical properties such as high crystallinity, high tensile strength, high stiffness and high specific surface area, it has been widely studied and received extensive attention in recent years. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of traditional inorganic acid hydrolysis CNC preparation method and several CNC preparation methods in recent years which are beneficial to save energy consumption and be friendly to environment are compared. The latest research progress of CNC preparation methods and its optimization process is introduced. In addition, the research process of CNC composites in the field of food packaging, retention and filtration, paper performance improvement, immobilized enzyme technology and wastepaper treatment are reviewed. At last, the preparation methods and application research of CNC were discussed, aiming to provide theoretical reference for promoting the production and application scale of CNC and its composites.-
Key words:
- cellulose nanocrystal(CNC) /
- green /
- preparation method /
- application /
- research progress
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表 1 CNC基本特性的最新研究
Table 1. Latest research on basic performance of CNC
Name/parameters Type/value Material source wood[15] cotton fiber[16,17] agricultural waste[18,19] microcrystalline cellulose[20] tunicate[21] waste paper[23] Mean length/nm 93±26[36] 168±71[37] 260±180[16,19,20,23] 370±150[33] Length-diameter ratio 5~55[20,34,36] Mean diameter/nm 3~5[35] 5.72[20] 19±11[37] 34±9[16] 30±20[32,33] 53.9[23] Zeta potential of the aqueous suspension/mV −38.6[19] 49.3[16] 53.5[20] Surface charge density/e·nm−2 0.29±0.01[35] Crystallinity/% 54~88[25] 73[23] 76.7[32] 78.00[31] 79.00[30] 84.02[26] 89.9[16] 91.8~97.8[36] Tensile strength/MPa 7500 [27]Transverse elastic moduli/GPa 18~50[38] Longitudinal elastic moduli/GPa 140~220[23,28] 
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表 2 BmimCl和AmimCl的基本性能特点
Table 2. Basic performance characteristics of BmimCl and AmimCl
Name Parameter BmimCl AmimCl Synthesis time/h 48 80%(3 h conversion rate)
100%(6 h conversion rate)Initial decomposition temperature/℃ 254 273 Viscosity at 30℃/(mPa·s) 685 11000
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