Preparation and properties of polycaprolactone-gelatin-bioglass-based asymmetrically infiltrated sandwich-structured composite membranes
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摘要: 伤口愈合时敷料不仅需要提供止血作用，还需吸收过多的渗出物为伤口提供一个相对湿润又不过于干燥的环境。因此，本研究利用静电纺丝技术设计了一种三明治结构且具有不对称润湿性的Janus复合膜，外层为聚己内酯(PCL)纳米纤维膜，内层为明胶(Gel)和PCL混合的纳米纤维膜(PCL/Gel)，而负载无机生物玻璃(BG)的纳米纤维膜(PCL/Gel-BG)作为中间层。对Janus复合膜形貌、结构以及力学、溶胀率、止血等性能进行了系统研究与探讨分析。结果表明：Janus复合膜力学性能、孔隙率等均符合医用敷料要求；此外，其溶胀率可高达990%能吸收大量渗出液，同时外层可以抗水和血液的渗透能防止伤口过度脱水；且在体外的血液吸收率、凝血指数、凝血时间测试中还表现出比传统医用纱布更优的止血能力，有望作为新型创面敷料应用于伤口愈合领域。Abstract: Effective wound dressings must possess hemostatic functions and the ability to absorb excess exudate, maintaining a relatively moist but not overly dry environment for optimal healing. In this study, an asymmetric wettability Janus composite membrane with a sandwich structure was designed using electrospinning technology. The outer layer consists of a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous membrane, the inner layer is a composite nanofibrous membrane (PCL/Gel) containing a blend of gelatin (Gel) and PCL, while the intermediate layer is a composite nanofibrous membrane (PCL/Gel-BG) loaded with inorganic bioglass (BG). The morphology, structure, mechanics, swelling rate, hemostatic properties and other relevant properties of the Janus composite membranes were systematically studied and analyzed. The results show that the mechanical properties and porosity of the Janus composite membrane meet the requirements for medical dressings. Moreover, it displays a remarkable swelling rate of up to 990%, enabling efficient absorption of exudate. Additionally, its outer layer demonstrates excellent resistance to water and blood penetration, effectively preventing excessive wound dehydration. Furthermore, in vitro tests evaluating blood absorption rate, coagulation index, and clotting time reveal superior hemostatic ability compared to traditional medical gauze. Consequently, the Janus composite membrane holds great potential as an innovative wound dressing in the field of wound healing.
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Key words:
- electrospinning /
- Janus membranes /
- wound dressing /
- nanofibre /
- polycaprolactone /
- gelatin /
- bioglass.
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图 1 生物玻璃纳米颗粒的形貌(a)、直径分布(b)和EDS-mapping元素分布(c-e)图
Figure 1. Morphology (a), diameter distribution (b) and EDS-mapping (c-e) of bioglass nanoparticles
图 2 不同纳米纤维膜SEM 图像(a-b)和直径分布图(c)
Figure 2. SEM images (a-b) and diameter distribution(c) of different fibrous membranes
图 3 Janus2复合膜截面SEM图像(a); 不同纳米纤维膜红外图(b)和EDS-mapping元素分布图(c)
Figure 3. SEM image of cross-section of Janus2 composite membrane (a); Infrared spectra (b) and EDS mapping distribution diagram of elements (c) of different fibrous membranes
图 4 单层纤维膜及Janus复合膜的力学性能
Figure 4. Mechanical properties of monolayer fiber membrane and Janus composite membrane
图 5 单层纤维膜及Janus复合膜的孔隙率
Figure 5. Porosity of monolayer fibre membranes and Janus composite membranes
图 6 不同纳米纤维膜润湿性(a); Janus2复合膜的血液渗透性(b); Janus复合膜疏水面(c)和亲水面(d)水接触角以及渗透性
Figure 6. Wettability of different nanofiber membranes (a); Blood permeability of Janus2 composite membrane (b); Hydrophobic (c) and hydrophilic (d) water contact Angle and permeability behavior of different Janus composite membranes
图 7 单层纤维膜及Janus复合膜的溶胀率(a); 保湿性(b)
Figure 7. Swelling ratio (a); Moisture retention (b) of monolayer fibre membrane and Janus composite membrane
图 8 纱布、不同单层纤维膜及Janus复合膜血液吸收率(a); 体外凝血时间(b)
Figure 8. Blood absorption ratio(a) and in vitro clotting time(b) of gauze, different monolayer fibre membranes and Janus composite membrane
图 9 纱布、不同单层纤维膜及Janus复合膜体外凝血指数(a); 血细胞黏附(b)
Figure 9. In vitro coagulation index of gauze, different monolayer fibre membranes and Janus composite membranes (a); haemocyte adhesion (b)
表 1 不同Janus复合膜的组成
Table 1. Composition of different Janus composite membranes
Sample Outer layer Inter layer Inner layer Janus1 PCL PCL/Gel-1G PCL/Gel Janus2 PCL PCL/Gel-5BG PCL/Gel Janus3 PCL PCL/Gel-10BG PCL/Gel Notes: PCL—Polycaprolactone; Gel—Gelatin 
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表 2 不同纳米纤维膜的静电纺丝条件
Table 2. Electrostatic spinning conditions for different nanofibre membranes
Solution Needle-Collector
Distance/cmVoltage/
kVFlow Rate/
(mL·h−1)PCL 12 20 3.5 PCL/Gel 15 15 0.4 PCL/Gel-1BG 15 15 0.4 PCL/Gel-5BG 15 15 0.4 PCL/Gel-10BG 15 15 0.4
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