聚芳醚酮树脂基体特性对复合材料界面性能和层间性能的影响

顾洋洋; 姚佳楠; 王力风; 刘刚; 陈春海; 杨曙光

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221111.002

聚芳醚酮树脂基体特性对复合材料界面性能和层间性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221111.002

东华大学　材料科学与工程学院，纤维材料改性国家重点实验室，上海 201620

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2232022 A-12)

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘刚，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为纤维增强树脂基复合材料　E-mail: liugang@dhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-01
- 修回日期: 2022-10-22
- 录用日期: 2022-11-04
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-14
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-15

Influence of poly aryl ether ketone resin matrix properties on interfacial properties and interlayer properties of composites

State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

Funds: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2232022 A-12)

摘要

摘要: 针对不同特性的国产高性能聚芳醚酮(PAEK-L、PAEK-H)树脂，采用微球脱黏的方法研究了PAEK树脂基体与国产T300级碳纤维(SCF35)碳纤维间的界面强度；采用国产碳纤维增强聚芳醚酮(SCF35/PAEK)热塑性预浸料制备复合材料，研究了树脂基体对复合材料的90°拉伸性能、短梁剪切性能、I型断裂韧性、II型断裂韧性的影响。结果表明：SCF35/PAEK复合材料的界面性能受树脂基体的流动性影响，流动性较高的PAEK-H树脂能够与纤维之间形成较好的界面结合及较高的界面强度，SCF35/PAEK-H复合材料中，树脂与纤维的接触角约为34.4°，界面剪切强度约为79 MPa，复合材料90°拉伸强度约为76 MPa，模量约为9.7 GPa，短梁剪切强度约为92 MPa；而流动性较低的PAEK-L树脂与SCF35碳纤维复合材料中，树脂与纤维的接触角约为35.8°，界面剪切强度约为64 MPa，复合材料90°拉伸强度约为55 MPa，模量约为8.6 GPa，短梁剪切强度约为86 MPa。SCF35/PAEK复合材料的层间性能受到树脂基体塑性变形能力的影响，基体塑性变形能力较强的PAEK-L较PAEK-H而言，其复合材料具有较高的断裂韧性，SCF35/PAEK-L的I型断裂韧性约为938 J/m²，II型断裂韧性约为2232 J/m²，SCF35/PAEK-H的I型断裂韧性约为638 J/m²，II型断裂韧性约为1702 J/m²。
- 碳纤维 /
- 聚芳醚酮 /
- 热塑性复合材料 /
- 界面性能 /
- 层间性能
Abstract: The interfacial strength between PAEK resin matrix and domestic T300 grade carbon fiber (SCF35) carbon fiber was studied by microsphere debonding method for domestic high performance poly aryl ether ketone (PAEK-L, PAEK-H) resins with different characteristics. The composites were prepared by using domestic carbon fiber reinforced poly aryl ether ketone (SCF35/PAEK) thermoplastic prepreg, and the effects of resin matrix on 90° tensile properties, short beam shear properties, type I fracture toughness and type II fracture toughness of the composites were studied. The results show that the interfacial properties of SCF35/PAEK composites are influenced by the fluidity of the resin matrix, and PAEK-H resin with higher fluidity can form a better interfacial bond with the fibers and higher interfacial strength. In the SCF35/PAEK-H composite, the resin-fiber contact angle is ~34.4°, the interfacial shear strength is ~79 MPa, the 90° tensile strength of the composite is ~76 MPa, the modulus is ~9.7 GPa, and the short-beam shear strength is ~92 MPa. While in the lower-fluidity PAEK-L resin and SCF35 carbon fiber composite, the resin-fiber contact angle of ~35.8°, interfacial shear strength of ~64 MPa, composite 90° tensile strength of ~55 MPa, modulus of ~8.6 GPa, and short-beam shear strength of ~86 MPa. The interlaminar properties of SCF35/PAEK composites are influenced by the plastic deformation ability of the resin matrix. PAEK-L, which has a stronger plastic deformation ability of the matrix, has a higher fracture toughness than PAEK-H. The type I fracture toughness of SCF35/PAEK-L is ~938 J/m² and the type II fracture toughness is ~2232 J/m², and the type I fracture toughness of SCF35/PAEK-H is ~638 J/m² and the type II fracture toughness is ~1702 J/m².
- carbon fiber /
- poly aryl ether ketone /
- thermoplastic composites /
- interfacial properties /
- interlaminar properties

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图 1 SCF35碳纤维表面形貌

Figure 1. Surface morphology of SCF35 carbon fiber

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图 2 SCF35/PAEK复合材料成型工艺：(a) 薄板成型工艺；(b) 厚板成型工艺

Figure 2. Forming process of SCF35/PAEK composite: (a) Thin plate forming process; (b) Thick plate forming process

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图 3 预制缺陷层压板的铺层示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of laying of prefabricated defective laminates

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图 4 微球脱粘试验示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of microsphere debonding test

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图 5 SCF35/PAEK微球脱粘的表面形貌：(a) SCF35/PAEK-L：(1) 整体形貌、(2) 微球脱粘的示意图、(3) 微球脱粘的前端形貌、(4) 微球脱粘的后端形貌；(b) SCF35/PAEK-H：(1) 整体形貌、(2) 微球脱粘的示意图、(3) 微球脱粘的前端形貌、(4) 微球脱粘的后端形貌

Figure 5. Surface morphologies of SCF35/PAEK microsphere debonding: (a) SCF35/PAEK-L: (1) Overall Shape, (2) Schematic diagram of microsphere debonding, (3) Shape of the front end of microsphere debonding, (4) Shape of the back end of microsphere debonding; (b) SCF35/PAEK-H: (1) Overall Shape, (2) Schematic diagram of microsphere debonding, (3) Shape of the front end of microsphere debonding, (4) Shape of the back end of microsphere debonding

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图 6 SCF35/PAEK微球脱粘的截面形貌：(a) SCF35/PAEK-L；(b) SCF35/PAEK-H

Figure 6. Cross-sectional morphologies of SCF35/PAEK microsphere debonding: (a) SCF35/PAEK-L; (b) SCF35/PAEK-H

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图 7 SCF35/PAEK间的接触角

Figure 7. Contact angle between SCF35/PAEK

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图 8 SCF35/PAEK复合材料90°拉伸破坏形貌：(a) SCF35/PAEK-L；(b) SCF35/PAEK-H

Figure 8. 90° tensile damage morphologies of SCF35/PAEK composite: (a) SCF35/PAEK-L; (b) SCF35/PAEK-H

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图 9 SCF35/PAEK短梁剪切的典型应力-应变曲线

Figure 9. Typical stress-strain curves of SCF35/PAEK short beam shear

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图 10 SCF35/PAEK短梁剪切的截面形貌

Figure 10. Cross-sectional morphologies of SCF35/PAEK short beam shear

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图 11 SCF35/PAEK短梁剪切的表面形貌

Figure 11. Surface morphologies of SCF35/PAEK short beam shear

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图 12 SCF35/PAEK典型断裂韧性曲线：(a) Ⅰ型断裂韧性；(b) Ⅱ型断裂韧性

Figure 12. Typical fracture toughness curves of SCF35/PAEK: (a) Type I fracture toughness; (b) Type II fracture toughness

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图 13 SCF35/PAEK断裂形貌：(a) SCF35/PAEK-L Ⅰ型断裂形貌；(b) SCF35/PAEK-L Ⅱ型断裂形貌；(c) SCF35/PAEK-H Ⅰ型断裂形貌；(d) SCF35/PAEK-H Ⅱ型断裂形貌

Figure 13. Fracture morphology of SCF35/PAEK: (a) Type I fracture morphology of SCF35/PAEK-L; (b) Type Ⅱ fracture morphology of SCF35/PAEK-L; (c) Type I fracture morphology of SCF35/PAEK-H; (d) Type Ⅱ fracture morphology of SCF35/PAEK-H

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图 14 PAEK树脂试样断裂形貌：(a) PAEK-L冲击断面形貌；(b) PAEK-L拉伸断面形貌；(c) PAEK-H冲击断面形貌；(d) PAEK-H拉伸断面形貌

Figure 14. Fracture morphology of PAEK resin specimens: (a) Impact section morphology of PAEK-L; (b) Tensile section morphology of PAEK-L; (c) Impact section morphology of PAEK-H; (d) Tensile section morphology of PAEK-H

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表 1 聚芳醚酮(PAEK)树脂基体的性能

Table 1. Properties of poly aryl ether ketone (PAEK) resin matrix

Property	Tensile strength/MPa	Tensile modulus/GPa	Elongation/%	Notched impact strength/(kJ∙m^–2)	Apparent viscosity (360℃)/(Pa·s)
PAEK-L	96±0.5	4.0±0.2	109±7.2	5.7±0.2	1139
PAEK-H	95±0.5	3.9±0.2	101±4.4	5.7±0.2	399
Notes: PAEK-L—Low flow poly aryl ether ketone resin matrix; PAEK-H—High flow poly aryl ether ketone resin matrix.

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表 2 国产T300级碳纤维(SCF35)的性能

Table 2. Properties of domestic T300 grade carbon fiber (SCF35)

Fibre	Specification	Tensile strength /MPa	Tensile modulus /GPa	Elongation /%	Bulk density /(g∙cm⁻³)	Linear density /(g∙m⁻¹)
SCF35	12 K	4300	230	1.85	1.8	0.8

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表 3 SCF35/PAEK复合材料的界面性能

Table 3. Interfacial properties of SCF35/PAEK composites

System	Interfacial shear strength/MPa	Contact angle/ (°)	90° tensile strength/MPa	90° tensile modulus/GPa	Short beam shear strength/MPa
SCF35/PAEK-L	64±3.4	35.8±1.0	55±2.9	8.6±0.1	86±1.9
SCF35/PAEK-H	79±6.0	34.4±3.0	76±5.4	9.7±0.4	92±1.4

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表 4 SCF35/PAEK复合材料的断裂韧性

Table 4. Fracture toughness of SCF35/PAEK composites

System	G_IC/(J∙m⁻²)	G_IIC/(J∙m⁻²)
SCF35/PAEK-L	938±38	2232±208
SCF35/PAEK-H	638±38	1702±46
Notes: G_IC—Type I fracture toughness of SCF35/PAEK composites; G_IIC—Type Ⅱ fracture toughness of SCF35/PAEK composites.

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