Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) has a large specific surface area, and there are a large number of oxygen-containing groups in the chemical structure, which makes it have excellent hydrophilic properties and dispersing properties in cement-based materials. GO can effectively improve the microstructure of cement-based materials and enhance its mechanical properties. In this paper, based on the Dinger-Funk model, the mix ratio design of 3D printing cement-based materials was carried out, and the effect of different dosages of GO on the properties was studied. The results show that: The addition of 0.03wt%-0.05wt%GO accelerates the cement hydration process, which is beneficial to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of 3D printed cement-based materials in all directions. Compared with the group without GO, after adding 0.03wt%GO, the 28 days compressive strength of the 3D printed specimens in the X, Y, and Z directions increase by 12.07%, 11.93%, and 17.42%, respectively, and the 28 days flexural strength increase by 30.61%, 21.13%, and 13.70%, respectively. The pores of the 3D printed specimen are re-latively concentrated at the interface between layers, showing an irregular shape, resulting in anisotropic behavior of the mechanical properties of the 3D printed specimens. The anisotropy of the compressive strength of the 3D printed specimen is not obvious, while the anisotropic behavior of the flexural strength is significant.