Research progress of plant fiber self-bonding molding environmentally friendly materials
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摘要: 植物纤维作为天然生物质材料，在绿色环保材料开发和应用方面备受关注。植物基微纳米纤维具有高比表面积、高强度、高模量等优异特性，利用其构建绿色环保结构材料，在替代部分不可生物降解塑料材料及产品方面具有巨大潜力。本文综述了目前植物纤维自结合成型环保材料研究进展，主要讨论了植物微米纤维成型材料、植物纳米纤维素结构材料和植物微纳米纤维结构材料的制备工艺及性能表现，展望了未来植物纤维自结合成型环保材料的重点研究方向，为促进植物纤维在结构材料领域发展和应用提供一定的参考。Abstract: Plant fiber, as a biobased material in nature, the development and applications of green and environmentally friendly materials and applications have attracted much attention. Plant-based micro and nanofibers have excellent characteristics such as high specific surface area, high strength, high modulus, and so on. It has great potential to replace some non-biodegradable plastic materials and products by using it to construct green and environmentally friendly structural materials. In this review article, the research progress of plant fiber self-bonding molding environmentally friendly materials is summarized and presented. The preparation process and performance of plant micro-fiber molding materials, plant nanocellulose structural materials and plant micro and nanofiber structural materials are mainly discussed. The key research directions of plant fiber self-bonding molding environmentally friendly materials in the future are prospected in order to promote the development and application and of plant fiber in structural materials and provide some reference.
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图 1 (a) 机械研磨后的竹粉制备竹纤维自结合成型材料[15]；(b) 竹纤维与竹粉混合制备竹纤维自结合成型材料[16]；(c) 竹纤维与薄壁细胞混合制备竹纤维自结合成型材料[17]
Figure 1. (a) Preparation of bamboo fiber self-bonding molding materials from mechanically grinding bamboo powders[15]；(b) Preparation of bamboo fiber Self-bonding molding materials by mixing bamboo fibers and bamboo powders[16]；(c) Preparation of bamboo fiber Self-bonding molding materials by mixing bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells[17]
图 4 (a) 制备高密度氢键网络的植物纳米纤维素结构材料[49]；(b)基于植物纳米纤维素和云母微片制备的仿生结构材料[50]；(c)马尾藻纳米纤维素制备致密结构材料[51]；(d) 植物纳米纤维素制备耐火仿生结构材料[52]
Figure 4. (a) Preparation of plant nanocellulose structural materials with high density hydrogen bond networks[49]; (b) Bioinspired structural materials based on plant nanocellulose and mica microplatelet[50]; (c) Preparation of dense structural materials from sargassum nanocellulose[51]; (d) Preparation of fire-resistant bioinspired structural materials from plant nanocellulose[52]
图 5 (a) 剑麻微纤维与纳米纤维素结合制备高性能结构材料[53]；(b) 木材加工剩余物制备高性能植物微纳米纤维结构材料[54]
Figure 5. (a) Preparation of high performance structural materials by combining sisal microfibers with nanocellulose[53]; (b) Preparation of high performance plant micro-nano fiber structural materials from wood processing residues[54]
表 1 植物纤维自结合成型环保材料的类型、原料、制备工艺与性能
Table 1. Types, raw materials, preparation process and the properties of plant fiber self-bonding molding environmentally friendly materials
Material types Raw
materialsType of
pretreatmentHot pressing
temperature/
℃Hot pressing
pressure/MPaHot pressing
time/minFlexural strength/
MPaFlexural modulus/
GPaReferences Plant
Micro-fiber
molding
materialsBamboo culms Mechanical grinding 200 18.15 13.2 14.10 2.99 [15] Bamboo culms Mechanical grinding 200 18.15 13.2 10.77 2.23 [16] Bamboo culms Mechanical grinding 200 18.2 13 14.54 2.66 [17] Bamboo
residuesSteam
explosion180 5 20 15.9 - [23] Wheat straw Steam
explosion190 3.6 8 19.8 - [24] Rattan furniture waste Chemical 180 - 5 44.4 - [27] The sawdust of pine wood Chemical 95 100 - 170 10 [29] Cassava stillage residue Chemical and
mechanical120 8 5 ~16 ~2.0 [30] Rubber wood
fiberEnzymatic 200 5 6 9.29 3.60 [37] Triarrhena
residueEnzymatic 185 10 8 18.12 4.25 [38] Softwood
residuesLignin
addition230 4.2 5 47.0 8.2 [42] Corn residues Lignin
addition230 0.23 - ~70 ~5.5 [43] Plant
nanocellulose
structural
materialsSoftwood pulp Chemical 80 50 60 300 16 [49] TiO2-mica and plant cellulose nanofiber Chemical 80 100 60 281 20 [50] Sargassum Chemical 120 60 60 283 15.4 [51] Plant cellulose nanofiber and nanoclay Chemical 90 70 120 253 16 [52] Plant micro and nanofiber
structural
materialsSisal fibers and plant cellulose nanofiber Chemical 90 100 180 191 8 [53] Particles of
poplar woodChemical 80 5 - 225.17 13.3 [54] Softwood chips Mechanical grinding 180 - 7 12.1 1.5 [56] Cellulose
Powder and wood flourMechanical pulverizing 120 2.4 15 ~15 ~2.2 [58] Wood flour Mechanical pulverizing 120 1 10 ~10 ~1.5 [59] Wood flour Mechanical pulverizing 120 0.85 10 ~13 ~1.8 [60] 
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