Piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator based on PVDF/SBS flexible composite fiber film
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摘要: 可将无规则机械能转换为电能的压电纳米发电机与摩擦纳米发电机能够为低功耗可穿戴电子设备提供独立、持续性供电，有利于促进柔性自供能电子器件多元化的发展。将二者进行集成，可综合二者电输出特性的优点，提高纳米发电机的性能。论文分别以聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)与苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)为正、负极摩擦材料，采用静电纺丝方法制备了PVDF/SBS复合纤维薄膜，并利用该复合纤维薄膜得到压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机。研究结果表明：当PVDF掺入量为20wt%时，PVDF/SBS复合纤维薄膜的电学输出性能最佳，器件的开路电压与短路电流最大可达108 V与0.34 μA，分别是纯SBS样品的5倍与6倍。将器件固定在手掌、鞋底处，收集拍手、行走、跑步等运动的能量，可产生不同幅度的输出电压，表明器件可有效收集人体运动的机械能；通过手掌拍打器件，可点亮64只商用蓝色LED灯珠；同时器件可检测瞬时压力变化，灵敏度最大可达3.685 V·N−1。上述结果表明PVDF/SBS柔性复合纤维薄膜压电-摩擦电纳米发电机在传感监测和电子器件自供能领域具有良好的应用前景。
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关键词:
- 压电-摩擦电纳米发电机 /
- PVDF /
- SBS /
- 复合纤维薄膜 /
- 能量收集
Abstract: Piezoelectric nanogenerators and friction nanogenerators can convert irregular mechanical energy into electrical energy which have the potential to provide independent and continuous power supply for low-power wearable electronic devices. Combining two kinds nanogenerators can integrate the advantages of their electrical output characteristics and improve the performance of nanogenerators. In this paper, polyvinyl fluoride (PVDF) and styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) were selected as positive and negative friction materials, respectively. The PVDF/SBS composite fiber films were prepared by electrospinning and were employed to build a piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator. The results show that when the amount of PVDF is 20wt%, the maximum open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator can reach 108 V and 0.34 μA, which are 5 and 6 times that of neat SBS sample, respectively. When the devices were fixed on the palm and sole of the shoe, output voltage signal with different amplitude can be obtained by collecting the mechanical energy of human motion, including clapping, walking and running. 64 commercial blue LED beads were lit up when the device were beaten by palm. The device can also detect the instantaneous pressure and the maximum sensitivity can reach 3.685 V·N−1. The experimental results show that PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator exhibits a good application prospect in the fields of sensor monitoring and self-energy supply of electronic devices. -
图 1 聚偏二氟乙烯/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(PVDF/SBS)复合纤维薄膜的SEM截面图像
Figure 1. SEM section image of polyvinyl fluoride/styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer (PVDF/SBS) composite fiber
图 2 不同质量分数PVDF的PVDF/SBS复合纤维的SEM表面图像：(a) 0wt%；(b) 5wt%；(c) 10wt%；(d) 15wt%；(e) 20wt%；(f) 30wt%及局部放大图
Figure 2. SEM images of PVDF/SBS composite fiber with different mass fractions of PVDF: (a) 0wt%; (b) 5wt%; (c) 10wt%; (d) 15wt%; (e) 20wt%; (f) 30wt% and partially enlarged image
图 3 不同质量分数PVDF/SBS复合纤维薄膜的FT-IR谱图
Figure 3. FT-IR spectra of PVDF/SBS composite fiber films with different mass fractions of PVDF
图 4 器件及薄膜的光学照片：(a) PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机；(b) PVDF/SBS复合纤维薄膜
Figure 4. Optical photos of (a) PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator; (b) PVDF/SBS composite fiber film
图 5 不同质量分数PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机的输出响应：(a)开路电压；(b)短路电流
Figure 5. (a) Open-circuit voltage; (b) short- circuit current of PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator with different mass fraction of PVDF.
图 6 PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机工作原理图
Figure 6. Working principle diagram of PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator
图 7 PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机对人体运动的传感：(a)拍手时的电输出响应；(b)拍手时输出响应时间及(c)人体走路、小跑、蹦跳时的电输出响应
Figure 7. PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator for human motion sensing: (a) clapping; (b) response time when clapping; (c) output response when walking, trotting and jumping
图 8 PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机点亮64个蓝色LED
Figure 8. PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator lights up 64 blue LEDs
图 9 20 wt% PVDF/SBS压电-摩擦电复合纳米发电机对不同外力的电压输出信号及灵敏度特性：(a) 0.42 N；(b) 0.56 N；(c) 0.72 N；(d) 1.11 N；(e) 1.57 N；(f) 1.77 N；(g) 0.42 N下响应时间；(h) 1.77 N下响应时间及(i)器件灵敏度
Figure 9. Voltage output signals and sensitivity characteristics of 20 wt% PVDF/SBS piezoelectric/triboelectric composite nanogenerator to different forces: (a) 0.42 N; (b) 0.56 N; (c)0.72 N; (d)1.11 N; (e)1.57 N; (f)1.77 N; (g)response time in 0.42 N; (h) response time in 1.77 N and (i) the sensitivity of the device
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