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二维卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性和效率的研究进展

段家顺,  彭丽萍,  于华阳,  徐凌

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文章导航 > 复合材料学报  > 2022 >  39(5): 1890-1906
段家顺, 彭丽萍, 于华阳, 等. 二维卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性和效率的研究进展[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(5): 1890-1906. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211118.001
引用本文: 段家顺, 彭丽萍, 于华阳, 等. 二维卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性和效率的研究进展[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(5): 1890-1906. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211118.001
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DUAN Jiashun, PENG Liping, YU Huayang, et al. Research progress on the stability and efficiency of the two-dimensional halide perovskite solar cells[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(5): 1890-1906. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211118.001
Citation: DUAN Jiashun, PENG Liping, YU Huayang, et al. Research progress on the stability and efficiency of the two-dimensional halide perovskite solar cells[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(5): 1890-1906. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211118.001
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二维卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性和效率的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211118.001
  • 1.

    华中科技大学　武汉光电国家研究中心，温州先进制造技术研究院，武汉 430074

  • 2.

    黄冈师范学院　物理与电信学院, 黄冈 438000

基金项目: 科技部重点研发计划(2019YFE0108400)；国家自然科学基金(62074068)；湖北省中央引导地方专项(ZYYD2020000045)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    徐凌，男，博士，华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心副教授，博士生导师。2010年7月获得华中科技大学材料物理与化学专业博士学位，2010年9月~2013年10月从事博士后研究工作，2013年11月加盟武汉光电国家实验室能源光电子功能实验室，2015年12月晋升为副教授，2020年聘为博士生导师。 主要研究方向为新型半导体材料光电、热电性能研究，高能射线探测研究，以及材料电子结构计算等。现主持科技部重点研发计划1项，国家自然科学项目2项，湖北自然科学基金1项，华中科技大学自主创新基金3项；参与自然科学基金重大（国际合作）项目1项、973课题2项等。以第一作者在Adv. Energy Mater., Adv. Sci., Adv. Funct. Mater., Adv. Electron. Mater., J. Phys. Chem. A, J. Phys. Chem. C等SCI核心论文几十篇，文章引用超过2000次，获得国家发明专利2项。现为国际光学学会、光学工程学会以及中国光学学会会员。获得华中科技大学“维稳定先进个人”，武汉光电国家研究中心“优秀共产党员”、“三育人奖”、“优秀公益奖”等多项奖励

    通讯作者:

    徐凌，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为光伏太阳能电池、热电材料与器件以及钙钛矿射线探测等　E-mail: xuling@mail.hust.edu.cn

  • 段家顺和彭丽萍为共同第一作者，对本文具有同等贡献。

  • 中图分类号: TM914.4

Research progress on the stability and efficiency of the two-dimensional halide perovskite solar cells

  • 1.

    Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

  • 2.

    School of Physics and Telecommunications, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China

    摘要
  • 摘要: 为了实现绿色可持续发展，降低CO2的排放量，大力发展和利用光伏等清洁能源技术已成为未来能源发展的新趋势。最近，以有机-无机卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池为代表的新一代光伏电池具有成本低、轻薄、制造简单等特点，符合未来发展的需求而备受关注。有机-无机卤化物钙钛矿材料是带隙可调的直接带隙半导体，具有较低的激子结合能、较长的载流子寿命和扩散长度以及较高的缺陷容忍度等优点，目前该类电池器件最高效率已经超过25%。但材料自身的不稳定性以及对水、热、氧、紫外光等环境因素的敏感已经成为限制其进一步发展的首要问题。而二维卤化物钙钛矿以其超高的湿度稳定性引起了各国研究者的注意，然而二维卤化物钙矿电池的效率与传统三维卤化物钙钛矿电池相比，还存在较大的差距。因此，在保持其良好稳定性的前提下提升电池的效率，是二维钙钛矿电池研究面临的关键问题。本文主要围绕二维钙钛矿的结构和制备方法讨论，针对稳定性和效率问题展开了讨论，致力于为发展制备出高效、稳定的二维卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池提供指导。

     

    Abstract: To achieve green and sustainable development, reducing CO2 emissions, it is deemed necessary to continue to promote and develop clean energy technologies, such as photovoltaics solar cell technology. Among of photovoltaic technologies, the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells have the characteristics of low-cost, light weight, and simple manufacturing, which are more suitable for the requirements of future development. Perovskite materials are direct bandgap semiconductors with adjustable bandgap, which have lower exciton binding energy, longer carrier lifetime and diffusion length, and higher defect tolerance. The current maximum efficiency has exceeded 25%. However, the inherent instability of the material and sensitivity to environmental factors, such as water, heat, oxygen, and ultraviolet light, have become the primary problems limiting its further development. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite has attracted the attention of researchers around the world due to its ultra-high humidity stability. However, the efficiency of two-dimensional halide perovskite cells is still far behind that of traditional three-dimensional halide perovskite cells. Therefore, improving the efficiency of solar cells while maintaining excellent stability is a key problem in the research of 2D perovskite solar cells. In this paper, we mainly focus on the 2D halide perovskite film preparation and device structure, as well as efficiency and stability, and other issues to provide guidance for the development of efficient and stable 2D halide perovskite solar cells.

     

    1)  段家顺和彭丽萍为共同第一作者，对本文具有同等贡献。
    • HTML全文

  • 图  1  钙钛矿结构示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of perovskite structure

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  2  n=1, 2, 3的2D钙钛矿结构示意图：((a), (e), (i)) R-P相的 (PEA)2(MA)2Pb3I10；((b), (f), (j)) D-J相的(BA)2(MA)2Pb3I10；((d), (h), (l)) ACI相的 (GA)2(MA)3Pb3I10[57]

    Figure  2.  Schematic diagram of n=1, 2, 3 perovskite structure: ((a), (e), (i)) (BA)2(MA)2Pb3I10 is the R-P phases; ((b), (f), (j)) (AMP)2MA2Pb3I8 is the D-J phase; ((d), (h), (l)) (GA)2(MA)3Pb3I10 is the ACI phase[57]

    R-P—Ruddlesden-Popper; D-J—Dion-Jacobson; ACI—Alternating cation in the interlayer space

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  3  (a) 2D钙钛矿中的量子阱；(b) 2D钙钛矿不同位置的介电常数[66]

    Figure  3.  (a) Quantum well in 2D perovskite; (b) Dielectric constant of 2D perovskite at different positions[66]

    VB, CB—Valence and conduction bands; L, m, ε, V —Thickness, effective mass, dielectric constant, and confinement potential; Subscripts and superscripts b, w, e, h—Barrier, well, electron, hole; Real composite material W/B is decomposed into two parts: the perovskite well section W, and organic barrier section B; ε(z)—Dielectric constant

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  4  (a)分子式为(RNH3)2An-1MnX3n+1的(100)取向卤化物钙钛矿系列；单层(C4H9NH3)2PbBr4的结构示意图(b)、AFM图像(c) 和TEM图像(d)；(e)不同卤化物2 D钙钛矿的光致发光结果图： (C4H9NH3)2PbCl4 (i)、(C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 (ii)、(C4H9NH3)2PbI4 (iii)、(C4H9NH3)2PbCl2Br2 (iv)、(C4H9NH3)2PbBr2I2 (v)和(C4H9NH3)2(MA)Pb2Br7 (vi)；图形化描述的伪色彩PL强度谱线(f)和CsPbBr3 纳米片随时间衰变的PL图谱(g)[83]

    Figure  4.  (a) (100)-oriented halide perovskite series with the general formula of (RNH3)2An-1MnX3n+1, Structural illustration (b), AFM (c), and TEM images (d) of single-layer (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4; (e) Photoluminescence of different 2D halide perovskites: (C4H9NH3)2PbCl4 (i), (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 (ii), (C4H9NH3)2PbI4 (iii), (C4H9NH3)2PbCl2Br2 (iv), (C4H9NH3)2PbBr2I2 (v) and (C4H9NH3)2(MA)Pb2Br7 (vi); Graphical depiction of the pseudo-colored PL intensity (f) and Time-resolved PL decay of CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets (g)[83]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  5  二维卤化物钙钛矿纳米片的两步合成方法[84]

    Figure  5.  Two-step synthesis method for 2D halide perovskite nanopatelets [84]

    DMF—N,N-Dimethylformamide; CB—Chlorobenzene; ACN—Acetonitrile

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  6  (a)气体输送系统示意图；(b)转化为CH3NH3PbI3前后的PbI2纳米片的厚度(数据线以上的图像)[86]；(c)二维PbI2纳米片合成示意图[87]；((d)~(g)) 不同厚度的二维MAPbI3纳米片的AFM形貌图；(h)二维钙钛矿纳米片的归一化PL谱；(i)钙钛矿单个电池的PL峰和能隙图[83]

    Figure  6.  (a) Schematic of vapor-transport system; (b) Thickness of PbI2 platelets before (images above data line) and after converted to CH3NH3PbI3 (images below data line)[86]; (c) Schematic for the synthesis of 2D PbI2 nanosheets[87]; ((d)-(g)) AFM topography images of 2D MAPbI3 nanosheets with different thicknesses; (h) Normalized PL spectra of 2D perovskite nanosheets; (i) Plots of PL peak and energy gap as a function of the number of unit cells in perovskites [83]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图  7  2D钙钛矿应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池中的三种形式：(a) 2D钙钛矿薄膜；(b) 2D-3D混合薄膜；(c) 2D/3D异质结薄膜[105]

    Figure  7.  2D Perovskite is used in three forms in perovskite solar cells: (a) 2D Perovskite thin film; (b) 2D-3D Mined thin film; (c) 2D/3D Heterojunction thin film[105]

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表  1  基于不同有机空位间隔阳离子(OSC)的R-P相结构的2D卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池器件的性能

    Table  1.   Summary of device performance of RP-2D-PSCs by different organic spacer cations (OSC)

    A’ siteStructureDevice configurationPCE/%Ref.
    5-Aminovaleric acid
    (AVA)    		PEA2SnI4/FASnI3 (AVA)2PbI4/MAPbI3FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au14.6[77]
    Phenylethylamine
    (PEA)    		(PEA)2(MA)2Pb3I10FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au4.73[90]
    (PEA)2(FA)8Sn9I28ITO/NiOx/PVK/PCBM/Ag5.94[96]
    Butylamine
    (BA)    		(BA)2(MA)3Pb4I13ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/PCBM/Al12.51[60]
    (BA)2(MA)2Pb3I10FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au4.02[109]
    (BA)2(MA)Pb2I7FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au0.39[109]
    (BA)2PbI4FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au0.01[109]
    (BA)2[Cs0.05(MA)0.95]3Pb4I13FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au13.68[110]
    (BA)2CsPb2I7FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au4.84[111]
    (BA)2(MA0.8FA0.2)3Pb4I13ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/PCBM/BCP/Ag12.81[112]
    Butylamine
    (BA*)    		(BA*)2PbI4/Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(I0.73Br0.27)3FTO/c-TiO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au18.13[112]
    Branched butylamine
    (Iso-BA)    		(iso-BA)2(MA)3Pb4I13 (RT)ITO/C60/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au8.82[120]
    (iso-BA)2MA3Pb4I13 (n =4)FTO/C60/2D PER/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au10.6[122]
    Amylamine
    (AA)    		AA2MA3Pb4I13 (n =4)ITO/PTAA/2D PER/C60/BCP/Ag18.4[126]
    4-(Aminoethyl) pyridine
    (4AEP)    		(4AEP)2MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)FTO/C60/2D PER/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au11.6[121]
    2-Thiophenemethylamine
    (THMA)    		THMA2MA2Pb3I10 (n =3)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PCBM/BCP/Ag15.4[123]
    (THMA)2PbI4ITO/SnO2/PVK/Spiro-OMeTAD/MoO3/Ag21.49[125]
    4-Fluorophenethylamine
    (F-PEA)    		(F-PEA)2MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)FTO/c-TiO2/2D PER/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au13.6[125]
    2-(Methylthio) ethylamine
    (MTEA)    		(MTEA)2MA3Pb5I16 (n=5)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PCBM/BCP/Ag18.0[127]
    Notes: ITO—Indium tin oxides; FTO—Fluorine doped tin oxides; PVK—Perovskite; 2D PER—2 Dimensional perovskite; PCBM—6,6-Phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester; Spiro-OMeTAD—2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene; PEDOT:PSS—Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate); PTAA—Poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine].
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  基于不同OSC的D-J相结构的2D 卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池器件的性能

    Table  2.   Summary of device performance of DJ- 2D-PSCs by different OSC

    A’ siteStructureDevice configurationPCE/%Ref.
    1,3-Propanediamine
    (PDA)    		(PDA)MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PC60BM/Al14.1[128]
    1,4-Butanediamine
    (BDA)    		(BDA)MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PC60BM/LiF/Al16.3[128]
    BDA/PEAITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER /PC60BM/BCP/Ag17.21[129]
    (BDA)MA4Pb5I16ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PC60BM/LiF/Al17.9[130]
    1,5-Pentamethylenediamine
    (PEDA)    		(PEDA)MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PC60BM/LiF/Al12.9[128]
    1,6-Hexamethylenediamine
    (HDA)    		(HDA)MA4Pb5I16 (n =5)ITO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/PC60BM/LiF/Al10.5[128]
    3-(Aminomethyl) piperidinium
    (3AMP)    		(3AMP)MA3Pb4I13FTO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/BCP/Ag7.32[131]
    4-(Aminomethyl) piperidinium
    (4AMP)    		(4AMP)MA3Pb4I13FTO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/BCP/Ag4.24[131]
    3-(Aminomethyl) piperidinium
    (3AMPY)    		(3AMP)MA3Pb4I13FTO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/BCP/Ag9.20[133]
    4-(Aminomethyl) piperidinium
    (4AMPY)    		(4AMP)2MA3Pb4I13FTO/PEDOT:PSS/2D PER/BCP/Ag5.69[133]
    1,4-Benzenedimethanamonium
    (PDMA)    		(PDMA)A9Pb10(I0.93Br0.07)31FTO/c-TiO2/mp-TiO2/2D PER/
    Spiro-MeOTAD/Au    		15.6[136]
    Meta-(aminomethyl) piperidinium
    (MAMP)    		(MAMP)MA3Pb4I13FTO/TiO2 /2D PER/Spiro-MeOTAD/Au16.5[134]
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-18
  • 修回日期:  2021-10-17
  • 录用日期:  2021-11-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-11-20
  • 刊出日期:  2022-03-23

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