Enhanced modification of interface performance of polyethersulfone resin matrix carbon fiber composite by thermosetting resin transition layer
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摘要: 聚醚砜(PES)树脂具有优良的耐热性能、力学性能以及高温稳定性能，可以用来制备高性能热塑性树脂基碳纤维复合材料。但由于PES树脂与商品级碳纤维界面粘结性较差，导致PES树脂基碳纤维复合材料表现出较差的界面性能。在前期研究中发现，热固性氰酸酯(CE)树脂具有熔融流动性好、与PES树脂熔融温度相近的固化温度，以及与PES树脂有一定相容性的优势。本文采用CE树脂作为PES树脂基碳纤维复合材料的界面过渡层，利用过渡层树脂与碳纤维表面上浆剂的优异结合能力及其与PES树脂形成的良好机械啮合作用，研究热固性树脂过渡层对热塑性树脂基复合材料界面性能的影响。结果表明：引入CE树脂过渡层能够改善PES基碳纤维复合材料的界面粘结性能。与碳纤维(CF)/PES复合材料相比，引入10wt%CE树脂过渡层的CF/(10%CE-PES)-L复合材料弯曲强度提高了18.7%，层间剪切强度提高24.2%，CF/(5%CE-PES)-L复合材料玻璃化温度Tg从166℃提高到179℃。通过在热塑性树脂基体与商品碳纤维之间添加过渡层的方法制备热塑性树脂基碳纤维复合材料，解决了热塑性树脂基碳纤维复合材料界面性能较差的问题，为其在工程化应用方面提供了重要的研究思路和理论依据。Abstract: Polyether sulfone (PES) resin possesses excellent heat resistance, mechanical properties, and high-temperature stability, making it suitable for the production of high-performance thermoplastic resin-based carbon fiber composite materials. However, due to the poor interfacial adhesion between PES resin and commercial grade carbon fibers, PES resin based carbon fiber composites exhibit poor interfacial properties. In previous studies, it discovered that thermosetting cyanate ester (CE) resin had advantages such as good melt flowability, a curing temperature close to that of PES resin, and some compatibility with PES resin. In this paper, CE resin is utilized as an interface transition layer for PES resin-based carbon fiber composite materials, leveraging the transition layer resin's excellent bonding capability with the carbon fiber surface sizing agents and its strong mechanical interlocking with PES resin, the impact of the thermosetting resin transition layer on the interface performance of thermoplastic resin-based composite materials is investigated. The results demonstrate that introducing a CE resin transition layer can enhance the interfacial bonding performance of PES-based carbon fiber composite materials. Compared to carbon fiber (CF)/PES composite materials, the CF/(10%CE-PES)-L composite material with a 10wt%CE resin transition layer exhibits an 18.7% increase in flexural strength, a 24.2% increase in interlaminar shear strength, additionally, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the CF/(5%CE-PES)-L composite material increased from 166℃ to 179℃. The method of preparing thermoplastic resin-based carbon fiber composites by adding an interlayer between the thermoplastic resin matrix and commercial carbon fibers has addressed the issue of poor interface performance in thermoplastic resin-based carbon fiber composites. This investigation important research insights and a theoretical basis for its engineering applications.
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Key words:
- polyether sulfone /
- cyanate ester resin /
- carbon fiber /
- composite materials /
- interfacial strength
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图 2 碳纤维复合材料制备流程：(a) 过渡层法(L)；(b) 共混改性法(M)
Figure 2. Preparation process of carbon fiber composites: (a) Transition layer method (L); (b) Blending modification method (M)
DMF—N, N-dimethylformamide
图 9 碳纤维复合材料SEM图像：((a)~(e)) 弯曲试样拉伸断裂面；(f) 冲击试样冲击断面
Figure 9. SEM images of carbon fiber composites: ((a)-(e)) Tensile fracture surfaces of bending specimens; (f) Impact fracture surfaces of impact specimen
图 10 单丝复合材料界面剪切强度和SEM图像
Figure 10. Shear strength and SEM images of monofilament composites
表 1 样品命名
Table 1. Sample naming
CF/wt% PES/wt% CE/wt% Preparation method CF/PES 55 45 0 Blending method CF/(5%CE-PES)-M 55 40 5 Blending modification method CF/(10%CE-PES)-M 55 35 10 Blending modification method 5%CE-PES — 8 1 Blending method 10%CE-PES — 3.5 1 Blending method CF/(5%CE-PES)-L 55 40 5 Transition layer method CF/(10%CE-PES)-L 55 35 10 Transition layer method Notes: CF—Carbon fiber; PES—Polyether sulfone; CE—Cyanate ester. 
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