再生碳纤维铺层取向优化及复合材料性能

黄海鸿; 孔令成; 刘威豪; 阮浩达

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231130.001

再生碳纤维铺层取向优化及复合材料性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231130.001

1.
合肥工业大学　机械工程学院，合肥 230009
2.
合肥学院　先进制造工程学院，合肥 230601

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金联合基金(U20A20295)

详细信息

通讯作者:
黄海鸿，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为绿色制造、再制造与回收再资源化等　E-mail: allenhuanghaihong@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-13
- 修回日期: 2023-10-27
- 录用日期: 2023-11-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-01

Recycled carbon fiber layering orientation optimization and its performance of composites

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
2.
School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20295)

摘要

摘要: 回收得到的再生碳纤维(RCF)多为蓬松杂乱的短纤维束，基于湿法纤维取向技术可对其重新取向。传统纤维增强复合材料通常将纤维沿单向铺层，对开孔制件难以完全发挥纤维的增益效果，通过纤维曲线铺层可以提高复合材料的结构性能。本文通过设计纤维分散实验，研究了一定RCF含量与不同浓度羟乙基纤维素(HEC)的最佳配置参数。利用自行搭建的纤维取向路径可调控装置，将制备的分散液铺放得到不同轨迹和形状的纤维毡，基于二维快速傅里叶变换(2D FFT)评价RCF的取向效果。通过模压成型制备RCF/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料开孔试样，分析了不同铺层路径对开孔试样承载能力的影响。结果表明：当6 mm RCF含量为6 g/L时，最佳HEC浓度为14 g/L；按曲线路径制备的开孔试样有效减少开孔处的应力集中，较无序路径和水平路径开孔试样，极限载荷分别提高了69.5%、35.9%。研究拓宽了RCF/EP复合材料结构的设计自由度，为实现RCF材料的高性能再利用提供了参考。
- 再生碳纤维 /
- 纤维取向 /
- 路径规划 /
- 再利用 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Recycled carbon fibers (RCF) are mostly fluffy and disorganized short fiber bundles, which can be reoriented based on wet fiber orientation technology. Conventional fiber-reinforced composites are usually layered with fibers in a unidirectional direction, which makes it difficult to fully utilize the gain effect of the fibers on open-hole parts, but the structural properties of the composites can be improved by curved layups of the fibers. The optimal configuration parameters of certain RCF content with different concentrations of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) were investigated by designing fiber dispersion experiments. Using the self-constructed fiber orientation path control device, the prepared dispersion was spread to obtain fiber mats with different trajectories and shapes, and the orientation effect of RCF was evaluated based on a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D FFT). The open-hole specimens of RCF/epoxy resin (EP) composites were prepared by molding, and the effects of different layup paths on the load-bearing capacity of the open-hole specimens were analyzed. The results show that the optimal HEC concentration is 14 g/L when the 6 mm RCF content is 6 g/L. The open-hole specimens prepared according to the curved path effectively reduce the stress concentration at the open hole, and the ultimate load is increased by 69.5% and 35.9% compared with the open-hole specimens prepared according to the unordered path and the horizontal path, respectively. The study broadens the design freedom of RCF/EP composite structures and provides a reference for realizing high-performance reuse of RCF.
- recycled carbon fiber /
- fiber orientation /
- path programming /
- reuse /
- mechanical property

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图 1 取向装置示意图

Figure 1. Orientation device diagram

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图 2 纤维溶液分散过程

Figure 2. Fiber solution dispersion

RCF—Recycled carbon fibers; HEC—Hydroxyethyl cellulose

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图 3 纤维取向示意图

Figure 3. Fiber orientation diagram

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图 4 试样制备过程

Figure 4. Specimen preparation

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图 5 弯曲试样尺寸

Figure 5. Bending specimen size

R—Radius

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图 6 纤维铺层路径

Figure 6. Fiber laying paths

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图 7 整圆碳纤维及铺层路径

Figure 7. Circular fiber mat and laying path

Ø—

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图 8 三点弯曲试验测试

Figure 8. Three point bending test

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图 9 HEC溶液黏度及纤维挤出液

Figure 9. HEC solution viscosity and fiber extrusion solution

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图 10 二维快速傅里叶变换(2D FFT)表征纤维取向：((a)~(c)) 无序纤维毡；((d)~(f)) 取向纤维毡

Figure 10. Two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D FFT) fiber orientation characterization: ((a)-(c)); ((d)-(f))

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图 11 不同路径下RCF/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料载荷-位移曲线

Figure 11. Load-displacement curves of RCF/epoxy resin (EP) composites under different paths

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图 12 圆形纤维毡显微图像

Figure 12. Microscopic images of the circular fiber mat

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图 13 不同路径RCF/EP复合材料试样的断裂图

Figure 13. Fracture diagram of RCF/EP composite specimens with different paths

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图 14 RCF/EP复合材料断裂面显微图像：(a) 弯曲路径试样；(b) 水平路径试样；(c) 垂直路径试样；(d) 无序路径试样

Figure 14. Micrographs of RCF/EP composite fracture surfaces: (a) Curved path specimen; (b) Horizontal path specimen; (c) Vertical path specimen; (d) Unordered path specimen

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图 15 吊钩试样及应用

Figure 15. Hook sample and application

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图 16 无人机支架试样及应用

Figure 16. Uav support sample and application

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表 1 不同纤维角归一化取向值

Table 1. Normalized orientation values of different angles

Fiber angle/(°)	Summed pixel intensity	Minimum pixel intensity	Normalized pixel intensity	2D FFT alignment value
0	87841.75		1.320618	0.320618
1	85998.94		1.292913	0.292913
2	82924.78		1.246696	0.246696
3	81181.90		1.220494	0.220494
···	···	66515.63	···	···
178	88437.30		1.329572	0.329572
179	88464.48		1.329980	0.329980
180	88385.25		1.328789	0.328789
181	86827.31		1.305367	0.305367
···	···	···	···	···

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表 2 RCF/EP复合材料三点弯曲试验的测试结果和标准差

Table 2. Test results and standard deviation of the three-point bending test of RCF/EP composites

	Specimen 1	Specimen 2	Specimen 3	σ
F₁/N	331.466	317.465	351.385	13.918
F₂/N	238.113	254.242	243.695	6.688
F₃/N	134.331	126.611	123.841	4.439
F₄/N	182.621	209.595	197.895	11.044
Notes: F₁, F₂, F₃ and F₄ represent the ultimate loads for the curved path, horizontal path, vertical path and unordered path specimens, respectively; σ—Standard deviation.

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