退役风电叶片资源化利用技术研究进展

张效林; 杨梦豪; 曹靖; 何军; 高丽敏; 李欣

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231019.001

退役风电叶片资源化利用技术研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231019.001

张效林^1, ,,
杨梦豪¹,
曹靖¹,
何军²,
高丽敏¹,
李欣¹

1.
西安理工大学　印刷包装与数字媒体学院，西安 710048
2.
江苏斯维圣新材料有限公司，淮安 223113

基金项目: 陕西省科技厅重点研发计划(2021SF448)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张效林，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为废弃天然/特种纤维高值化利用及环保新材料　E-mail: zxlbmm@sina.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-27
- 修回日期: 2023-08-30
- 录用日期: 2023-09-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-20
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-01

Research progress of decommissioned wind power blade resource utilization technology

1.
School of Printing, Packaging and Digital Media, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
2.
Jiangsu Siweisheng New Material CO., LTD., Huai'an 223113, China

Funds: Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province (2021SF448)

摘要

摘要: 风力发电因其清洁、高效、可再生等优点，成为我国能源发展战略行动计划的重要一环，我国已成为全球风电装机规模最大的国家。随着风电机组退役潮的到来，退役风电叶片(Retired wind turbine blades，RWTB)成为我国急需解决的大型固体废弃材料。风电叶片主要由玻璃纤维/碳纤维/植物纤维增强复合材料制备而成，传统处理方式主要为填埋和焚烧，不仅造成大量资源浪费，而且导致环境污染。对RWTB的资源化和高值化利用已成为国家高度关注的研究热点。本文简述了国内外风电装机规模及RWTB的发展规模，综述了风电叶片的现有回收技术(机械回收、热解回收、化学回收)及RWTB的回收应用现状，总结分析了各类回收技术及应用领域的优缺点。对RWTB的回收技术及应用前景进行了分析展望，提出“多措并举”的梯级利用及尽可能避免出现二次废弃物的“高效规范全利用”是RWTB回收利用技术重要的研究方向。
- 风力发电 /
- 退役风电叶片 /
- 玻璃纤维 /
- 机械回收 /
- 热解回收 /
- 化学回收
Abstract: Wind power, because of its clean, efficient, renewable and other advantages, has become an important part of China's strategic action plan for energy development, and China has become the world's largest installed wind power capacity. With the arrival of the wind turbine retirement tide, the retired wind turbine blade (RWTB) has become a large solid waste material that China urgently needs to solve. Wind turbine blades are mainly prepared from glass fibre/carbon fibre/plant fibre reinforced composites, and the traditional treatment menthods are mainly landfill and incineration, which not only results in a large amount of wasted resources, but also leads to environmental pollution. The resourceful and high-value utilisation of decommissioned wind turbine blades has become a research hotspot of great concern to the country. This paper briefly describes the scale of installed wind power and the development scale of RWTB at home and abroad, overviews the existing recycling technologies (mechanical recycling, pyrolytic recycling, chemical recycling) of wind turbine blades, overviews the current status of recycling application of RWTB, summarises and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of various types of recycling technologies and the current status of their application. Analysed the prospect of RWTB recycling technology and application, put forward the "multi-method" gradient use and the "high efficiency and standardised full use" without secondary pollution are important research direction of RWTB recycling technology.
- wind power /
- retired wind turbine blades /
- glass fiber /
- machinery recycling /
- pyrolysis recycling /
- chemical recycling

HTML全文

图 1 (a) 累计风电装机容量；(b) 新增风电装机容量；(c) 预计截至2050年累计退役风电叶片(RWTB)；(d) RWTB实物图；(e) 风电叶片截面图^[9]

Figure 1. (a) Cumulative installed wind power capacity; (b) New installed wind power capacity; (c) Projected cumulative retired wind turbine blades (RWTB) up to 2050 year; (d) RWTB; (e) Wind turbine blade cross section^[9]

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图 2 流化床热解示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of fluidised bed pyrolysis

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图 3 (a) 溶剂回收示意图；(b) 回收制备流程图^[44]

Figure 3. (a) Solvent recovery schematic; (b) Recovery preparation flowchar^[44]

CTT—Chopped fabric tape-reinforced thermoplastics

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图 4 高压裂解示意图

Figure 4. High pressure cracking schematic

HV—High voltage

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表 1 回收纤维相较于原始纤维拉伸强度^[57]

Table 1. Recycled fiber tensile strength compared with virgin fiber^[57]

Recovery process	Retained tensile strength of recycled fibre compared to virgin fibre/%
Recovery process	GF	CF
Traditional mechanical	78	50
High voltage fragmentation	88	83
Pyrolysis	52	78
Fluidised bed	50	75
Microwave assisted pyrolysis	52	80
Chemical	58	95
Notes: GF—Glass fiber; CF—Carbon fiber.

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表 2 各类回收工艺能耗^[57]

Table 2. Energy consumption of various recycling processes^[57]

Recovery process	Power consumption/(MJ·kg⁻¹)
Recovery process	GF	GF/CF	CF
Traditional mechanical	0.26	0.26	0.26
High voltage fragmentation	16.20	16.20	16.20
Pyrolysis	21.21	21.21	21.21
Fluidised bed	22.22	22.22	9.00
Microwave assisted pyrolysis	10.00	10.00	10.00
Chemical	19.20	19.20	19.20

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