微波辅助MgO改性碳纤维增强增韧环氧树脂复合材料

杨福鸿; 叶姣凤; 柴昌盛; 刘艳花; 李殿明; 冯利邦

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231017.004

微波辅助MgO改性碳纤维增强增韧环氧树脂复合材料

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20231017.004

1.
兰州交通大学　材料科学与工程学院，兰州 730070
2.
兰州城市学院　培黎机械工程学院，兰州 730070

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51463010)

详细信息

通讯作者:
冯利邦，博士，教授，研究方向为高分子材料　E-mail: fenglb@lzjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-27
- 修回日期: 2023-09-13
- 录用日期: 2023-10-07
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-18
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-01

Investigation of microwave-assisted MgO-modified carbon fiber-reinforced and toughened epoxy resin composites

1.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2.
School of Bailie Mechinical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (51463010)

摘要

摘要: 对碳纤维表面进行改性处理是提高碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料(CFs/EP)界面结合力的主要方法，而特殊的表面形貌结构能有效预防应力集中并提升复合材料的综合力学性能。本文采用微波辅助的方法在碳纤维表面快速高效地制备了一种花朵状MgO，考察了其对CFs/EP复合材料力学性能的影响。研究发现：花朵状MgO增加了碳纤维表面的粗糙程度，促进了碳纤维与EP基体不规则界面的形成，增强了其与EP基体的机械啮合作用。这种多尺度边界形态可以增加裂纹扩展途径，从而消耗更多的能量并有效缓解CFs/EP复合材料因应力集中而产生的破坏。花朵状MgO改性碳纤维极大地改善了复合材料的力学性能，与未改性碳纤维增强环氧树脂相比，花朵状MgO改性碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了15.2%、21.8%和14.3%。因此，花朵状MgO改性碳纤维同时显著提高了CFs/EP复合材料的强度和韧性。这为碳纤维在聚合物基复合材料中的广泛应用提供了技术支持，为制备更多特殊形貌纤维增强树脂基复合材料提供了更广阔的思路。
- 碳纤维 /
- 环氧树脂 /
- 微波 /
- MgO /
- 增强增韧 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Surface modification of carbon fiber is the primary method for enhancing the interface bonding strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite (CFs/EP). The unique surface morphology can effectively prevent stress concentration and enhance the comprehensive mechanical properties of the composite. A flower-shaped MgO was synthesized on the surface of carbon fibers rapidly and efficiently using a microwave-assisted method, and its impact on the mechanical properties of CFs/EP composites was investigated. It was found that the flower-like MgO increased the roughness of carbon fiber surface markedly. So irregular interface between carbon fiber and EP matrix formed. As a result, the mechanical interlocking force between carbon fiber and EP matrix was enhanced significantly. This multiscale boundary morphology could increase the crack propagation path. Thereby, more energy could be consumed and the failure of CFs/EP composites caused by stress concentration could be alleviated effectively. Compared to unmodified CFs/EP composite, MgO-modified CFs/EP composite exhibited a 15.2%, 21.8%, and 14.3% increase in tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength, respectively. Therefore, MgO-modified carbon fiber improved the strength and toughness of carbon fibers significantly. The research provides technique support for the wider application of carbon fibers in polymer composite. Meanwhile, it extends broader ideas for fibers with much more unique surface morphologies in strengthening polymer composite.
- carbon fiber /
- epoxy resin /
- microwave /
- MgO /
- reinforced and toughened /
- mechanical property

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图 1 碳纤维(CFs)表面改性及CFs/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料制备过程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of surface modification of carbon fiber (CFs) and preparation process of CFs/epoxy resin (EP) composite

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图 2 微波辅助改性前后原始CFs (a)、MgO改性碳纤维((b), (c)) 的表面形貌及其XRD图谱(d)

Figure 2. Surface morphologies of pristine CFs (a) and MgO-modified CFs ((b), (c)) and XRD patterns (d) before and after modification

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图 3 EP、原始CFs/EP和MgO改性CFs/EP复合材料的应力-应变曲线

Figure 3. Stress-strain curves of EP and pristine CFs/EP and MgO-modified CFs/EP composites

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图 4 EP和CFs/EP复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度

Figure 4. Bending strength and impact strength of EP and CFs/EP composites

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图 5 EP和CFs/EP复合材料的拉伸剪切强度(TSS)

Figure 5. Tensile shear strength (TSS) of EP and CFs/EP composites

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图 6 复合材料断口形貌SEM图像: ((a)~(c)) 原始CFs/EP；((d)~(f)) MgO改性CFs/EP

Figure 6. SEM images of fracture morphology of composites: ((a)-(c)) Pristine-CFs/EP; ((d)-(f)) MgO-modified CFs/EP

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图 7 CFs/EP复合材料的强化增韧机制

Figure 7. Strengthening and toughening mechanism of CFs/EP composites

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表 1 EP和CFs/EP复合材料的拉伸性能

Table 1. Tensile properties of EP and CFs/EP composites

Specimen	Tensile strength/MPa	Tensile modulus/MPa	Elongation at break/%	Increase intensile strength/%
EP	37.8±0.5	900.3±28.4	4.1±0.3	—
Pristine-CFs/EP	58.6±0.4	1194.1±41.6	6.8±0.4	55.0
MgO-modified CFs/EP	67.5±0.6	1587.3±36.5	7.7±0.2	78.6

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表 2 EP和CFs/EP复合材料的弯曲和冲击性能

Table 2. Bending and impact properties of EP and CFs/EP composites

Specimen	Bending strength/MPa	Bending modulus/MPa	Impact strength/(kJ·m⁻²)	Increase in bending strength/%
EP	42.1±3.2	1.5±0.1	4.4±0.3	—
Pristine-CFs/EP	58.5±3.8	2.1±0.2	5.6±0.4	39.0
MgO-modified CFs/EP	71.2±2.5	2.5±0.1	6.4±0.3	69.1

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