针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料II型层间力学行为

苏星兆; 陈小明; 郑宏伟; 吴凯杰; 辛世纪; 郭东升

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230711.001

针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料II型层间力学行为

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230711.001

苏星兆^{2, 3},
陈小明^{1, 2, 3, ,},
郑宏伟^{2, 3},
吴凯杰^{1, 2},
辛世纪^{2, 3},
郭东升^{1, 2}

1.
天津工业大学　纺织科学与工程学院，天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学　先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室，天津 300387
3.
天津工业大学　机械工程学院，天津 300387

基金项目: 先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室基金(6142906210406)；航空发动机及燃气轮机基础科学中心项目(P2022-B-IV-014-001)

详细信息

通讯作者:
陈小明，博士，高级实验师，研究方向为纺织复合材料结构与性能　E-mail: chenxiaoming@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-05
- 修回日期: 2023-06-10
- 录用日期: 2023-06-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-01

Mode II interlaminar mechanical behavior of needled/stitched multiscale interlocking composites

SU Xingzhao^{2, 3},
CHEN Xiaoming^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
ZHENG Hongwei^{2, 3},
WU Kaijie^{1, 2},
XIN Shiji^{2, 3},
GUO Dongsheng^{1, 2}

1.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials of Ministry of Education, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
3.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Funds: Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Composite Technology (6142906210406); Aero Engine and Gas Turbine Basic Science Center Project (P2022-B-IV-014-001)

摘要

摘要: 针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料具有优异的层间性能，在航天热结构复合材料中得到越来越多的应用，然而，缝合工艺对于针刺复合材料双切口层间剪切(DNS)性能的影响还不清楚。以石英缎纹基布、石英斜纹半切布为原料，设计制备了3种缝合矩阵、4种缝合纤维束的石英纤维增强树脂基针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料，测试并分析了复合材料的DNS性能。采用Micro-CT对织物内部结构进行表征，同时通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察试样断口形貌，阐明层间增强机制。使用内聚力模型(Cohesive zone model，CZM)结合Abaqus软件进一步探究针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料的DNS行为，预测材料的极限破坏强度。研究结果表明：缝合工艺的引入极大地改善了复合材料的层间性能，其DNS的破坏载荷最大可达到32.73 MPa，相比针刺复合材料提升了86.46%。针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料DNS的主要破坏方式是基体开裂、纤维束的脆性断裂和拔出。同时，模拟结果和针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料的DNS实验结果吻合较好，误差最大不超过8%，证明本文建立的内聚力模型能够有效预测针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料的层间剪切性能。
- 针刺 /
- 缝合 /
- 织物 /
- 复合材料 /
- II型层间力学性能 /
- 内聚力模型
Abstract: Needled/stitched multi-scale interlocking composites have excellent interlaminar properties and are increasingly used in aerospace thermal structure composites. However, the effect of stitch technology on double incision interlaminar shear (DNS) performance of needle composites remains unclear. Using quartz satin fabric and quartz twill half-cut fabric as materials, quartz fiber-reinforced resin-based needle/stitch multi-scale interlocking composites with three kinds of stitch pattern and four kinds of stitch fiber bundles were designed and prepared. The DNS performance of the composite was tested and analyzed. The internal structure of the fabric was characterized by micro-CT, and the fracture morphology of the sample was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to clarify the mechanism of interlayer strengthening. The DNS behavior of needled/stitched multi-scale interlocking composites was further investigated by cohesive zone model (CZM) and Abaqus software, and the ultimate failure strength was predicted. The results show that the introduction of stitch technology greatly improves the interlamellar properties of the composite, and the maximum failure load of DNS reaches 32.73 MPa, which is 86.46% higher than that of the needled composite. The main failure modes of multi-scale interlocking composite DNS are matrix cracking, brittle fracture and pulling out of fiber bundle. At the same time, the simulation results are in good agreement with the DNS experimental results of needled/stitched multi-scale interlocking composites, and the maximum error is less than 8%, which proves that the cohesion model established in this paper can effectively predict the interlaminar shear performance of needled/stitched multi-scale interlocking composites.
- needling /
- stitching /
- preform /
- composite /
- interlaminar mechanical properties of mode II /
- CZM

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图 1 针刺/缝合多尺度联锁织物制备流程图

CNC—Computer numerical control

Figure 1. Schematic of needled/stitched dual-scale interlocking preform manufacturing process

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图 2 针刺/缝合多尺度联锁织物CT表征过程与结果

Figure 2. Process and results of CT characterization of needled/stitched composite

D—Diameter of stitched fiber; d—Diameter of needled fiber

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图 3 纤维束直径：(a) 针刺纤维束；(b) 线密度为100 tex缝合纤维束

Davg—Abbreviation for diameter average

Figure 3. Diameter of fiber bundle: (a) Needled fiber bundle; (b) Stitched fiber bundle with a linear density of 100 tex

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图 4 DNS实验：(a) 试样；(b) 实验过程示意图

Figure 4. DNS experiment: (a) Sample; (b) Schematic diagram of the experimental process

a—Stitch spacing; DIC—Digital image correlation method

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图 5 DNS数值模拟示意图：(a)针刺复合材料；(b)针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料

T_max—Maximum shear stress; K_II—Cohesive stiffness; G_II ^needling—Critical fracture energy of needling composite; G_II ^stitching—Critical fracture energy of stitching composite; δ₀—Displacement of the specimen damaged; δ_f—Displacement of the specimen failure

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of DNS numerical simulation: (a) Needled composite; (b) Needled/stitched composite

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图 6 有限元模型与网格划分：(a)针刺复合材料；(b)针刺/缝合多尺度联锁复合材料

Figure 6. Finite element model and meshing: (a) Needled composite; (b) Needled/stitched composite

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图 7 DNS的载荷-位移曲线： (a) 1^#；(b) 2^#；(c) 3^#；(d) 4^#；(e) 5^#；(f)实验应变云图

Figure 7. Load-displacement curves of DNS: (a) 1^#; (b) 2^#; (c) 3^#; (d) 4^#; (e) 5^#; (f) Experimental strain nephogram

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图 8 DNS的强度对比：(a) 不同缝合纤维植入量；(b) 不同缝合矩阵

Figure 8. Intensity comparison of DNS: (a) Different volume of stitched fiber bundle; (b) Different stitch pattern

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图 9 DNS实验典型断裂形貌：(a)多尺度联锁复合材料；(b)针刺复合材料

Figure 9. Typical fracture morphology of DNS experiment: (a) Needled/stitched composite; (b) Needled composite

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图 10 实验与模拟的DNS载荷-位移曲线对比：(a) 1^#；(b) 2^#；(c) 3^#；(d) 4^#；(e) 5^#；(f) 有限元模拟应变云图

EXP—Experiment; FEM—Finite element method

Figure 10. DNS load-displacement curve comparison between EXP and FEM: (a) 1^#; (b) 2^#; (c) 3^#; (d) 4^#; (e) 5^#; (f) Finite element simulation strain nephogram

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表 1 原材料属性

Table 1. Material parameters

Material	Structure	Density	Thickness/mm	Tensile strength/MPa	Tensile modulus/GPa
Quartz base cloth	Satin	460 g/m²	0.5	217.57	26.71
Quartz half cut cloth	Twill	285 g/m²	0.4	208.50	21.72
Quartz yarn	—	50 tex	—	600.00	78.00

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表 2 实验参数

Table 2. Experimental parameters

Sample	Fabric structure	Volume of stitched fiber bundle/tex	Stitch spacing/mm	Stitch pattern/stitch
1^#	Needled	—	—	—
2^#	Needled/Stitched	50×1	4	2×2
3^#	Needled/Stitched	50×2	4	1×2
4^#	Needled/Stitched	50×4	—	1×1
5^#	Needled/Stitched	50×8	—	1×1

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表 3 材料力学性能参数

Table 3. Mechanical properties of material

Material	T_II/MPa	K_II/(N·mm⁻³)	G_II/(N·mm⁻¹)
TDE-86 resin	14	1700	1
Needled fiber	485	1729	50
Stitched fiber	762	1839	162
Notes: T_II—Sheer stress; G_II—Critical fracture energy.

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表 4 实验与有限元的DNS最大破坏载荷对比

Table 4. Comparison of DNS maximum failure load between experiment and FEM

Sample	EXP/N	FEM/N	Error rate/%
1^# (Needled) 2^# (Needled/Stitched 200 tex 2×2 stitches)	1123.33 1254.64	1115.48 1300.54	0.70 3.66
3^# (Needled/Stitched 200 tex 1×2 stitches)	1451.25	1512.00	4.18
4^# (Needled/Stitched 200 tex 1×1 stitch)	1748.75	1887.07	7.91
5^# (Needled/Stitched 400 tex 1×1 stitch)	2094.58	2194.91	4.79

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