不同分子结构偶联剂改性玄武岩对玄武岩/聚丙烯复合材料发泡行为与性能的影响

朱能贵; 李胜男; 曾祥补; 沈超; 蒋团辉; 龚维; 何力; 黄安荣

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230707.002

不同分子结构偶联剂改性玄武岩对玄武岩/聚丙烯复合材料发泡行为与性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230707.002

朱能贵^{1, 2},
李胜男¹,
曾祥补^{1, 2},
沈超¹,
蒋团辉^{1, 2, ,},
龚维²,
何力²,
黄安荣¹

1.
国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心，贵阳 550022
2.
贵州大学　材料与冶金学院，贵阳 550025

基金项目: 黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]045；黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]043；国家自然科学基金(51863003)

详细信息

通讯作者:
蒋团辉，正高级工程师，研究方向为聚合物改性及发泡研究　E-mail: jth1983@126.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- HTML全文浏览量: 359
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-26
- 修回日期: 2023-06-15
- 录用日期: 2023-06-24
- 网络出版日期: 2023-07-10
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-01

Effect of basalt modified by coupling agents with different molecular structures on foaming behavior and properties of basalt/polypropylene composites

ZHU Nenggui^{1, 2},
LI Shengnan¹,
ZENG Xiangbu^{1, 2},
SHEN Chao¹,
JIANG Tuanhui^{1, 2
, ,},
GONG Wei²,
HE Li²,
HUANG Anrong¹

1.
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550022, China
2.
College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Funds: Talents from Guizhou Science and Technology Cooperation Platform-GCC[2022]045; Talents from Guizhou Science and Technology Cooperation Platform-GCC[2022]043; National Natural Science Foundation of China (51863003)

摘要

摘要: 以不同分子结构的偶联剂为改性剂、以玄武岩纤维(BF)为增强相、以聚丙烯(PP)为基体，采用化学发泡二次开模工艺制备了BF/PP发泡复合材料，通过DSC、SEM等表征技术，研究了不同分子结构偶联剂改性BF时，BF/PP发泡复合材料的热性能、流变性能、发泡行为及力学性能。结果表明，通过不同分子结构偶联剂改性BF后，复合材料的结晶性能和流变性能得到改善，结晶度增加，熔体粘弹性变好。KH-550改性BF时，BF/PP发泡复合材料的发泡质量最好，此时泡孔尺寸为84.52 μm，泡孔密度为2.45×10⁵ cells/cm³。BF被偶联剂改性后，发泡复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和拉伸强度相对于BF未改性时均有所提高；用KH-792改性BF时，弯曲强度、弯曲模量和拉伸强度最大，最大值分别为33.4 MPa、1919 MPa和21.4 MPa。本文将为BF/PP发泡复合材料的研发和工业化应用提供一定的理论参考。
- 偶联剂 /
- 聚丙烯 /
- 玄武岩纤维 /
- 发泡行为 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: In this paper, basalt fiber (BF) was used as reinforcement phase and polypropylene (PP) as the matrix, BF/PP foam composites were prepared using a chemical foaming secondary mold opening process. The thermal properties, rheological properties, foaming behavior and mechanical properties of BF/PP foam composites modified with different sub structure coupling agents were studied using DSC, SEM and other characterization techniques. The results show that after modifying BF with different molecular structure coupling agents, the crystallization and rheological properties of the composite improve, the crystallinity increase, and the melt viscoelasticity improve. When KH-550 is used to modify BF, the foaming quality of BF/PP foamed composites is the best, with a foam cell size of 84.52 μm. Cell density is 2.45×10⁵ cells/cm³. After BF is modified by coupling agent, the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and tensile strength of the foam composite are improved compared to those of the unmodified BF; When modifying BF with KH-792, the maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, and tensile strength are 33.4 MPa, 1919 MPa, and 21.4 MPa, respectively. This study provides a theoretical reference for the development and industrial application of BF/PP foam composite materials.
- coupling agent /
- polypropylene /
- basalt fiber /
- foaming behavior /
- mechanical property

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图 1 BF/PP发泡复合材料的制备过程

Figure 1. Preparation process of BF/PP foaming composite

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图 2 BF/PP复合材料的DSC曲线：(a) 结晶曲线；(b) 熔融曲线

Figure 2. DSC curves of BF/PP composite: (a) Crystallization curves; (b) Melting curves

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图 3 BF/PP复合材料的各种动态流变性能变化曲线：(a) 储能模量(G')；(b) 损耗模量(G'')；(c) 损耗因子(tanδ)；(d) 复数黏度(η*)

Figure 3. Various dynamic rheological properties of BF/PP composites: (a) Storage modulus (G'); (b) Loss modulus (G''); (c) Loss factor (tanδ); (d) Complex viscosity (η*)

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图 4 BF/PP 发泡复合材料的局部SEM图像

Figure 4. Partial SEM images of BF/PP foamed composites

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图 5 纯PP及BF/PP发泡复合材料的泡孔结构图

Figure 5. Cell structure of pure PP and BF/PP foamed composites

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图 6 纯PP及BF/PP发泡复合材料的泡孔尺寸和泡孔密度变化图

Figure 6. Changes in cell size and cell density of pure PP and BF/PP foamed composite materials

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图 7 BF/PP发泡复合材料力学性能变化：(a) 弯曲性能；(b) 拉伸强度；(c) 缺口冲击强度

Figure 7. Changes in mechanical properties of BF/PP foam composites: (a) Bending properties; (b) Tensile strength; (c) Notched impact strength

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表 1 玄武岩纤维/聚丙烯(BF/PP)复合材料各试样的配比及偶联剂类型

Table 1. Proportion and coupling agent type of basalt fiber/polypropylene (BF/PP) composite samples

Sample	PP/wt%	BF/wt%	Coupling agent model	Molecular structure
PP	100	0	—	—
BF/PP	90	10	—	—
BF/PP+KH-550	90	10	KH-550	C₉H₂₃NO₃Si
BF/PP+KH-602	90	10	KH-602	C₈H₂₂N₂O₂Si
BF/PP+KH-792	90	10	KH-792	C₈H₂₂N₂O₃Si

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表 2 BF/PP发泡复合材料的注塑工艺参数

Table 2. Injection molding process parameters of BF/PP foamed composite

Parameters	Value (foam)
Melt temperature/℃	210
Injection pressure/MPa	4.5
Injection rate/(mm·s⁻¹)	80
Mold temperature/℃	90
Core-back distance/mm	0.8
Cooling time/s	35

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表 3 BF/PP复合材料的热参数

Table 3. Thermal parameters of BF/PP composites

Sample	T_c/℃	T_m/℃	ΔH_c/ (J·g⁻¹)	ΔH_m/(J·g⁻¹)	X_c/%
PP	112.6	164.8	84.6	94.7	45.8
BF/PP	114.6	164.7	77.1	85.7	46.0
BF/PP+KH-550	113.7	164.6	84.0	91.7	49.2
BF/PP+KH-602	113.0	164.7	82.3	88.5	47.5
BF/PP+KH-792	114.5	163.9	80.7	88.4	47.4
Notes: T_c—Crystallization peak temperature; T_m—Melting peak temperature; ΔH_c—Crystallization enthalpy; ΔH_m—Melting enthalpy; X_c—Crystallinity.

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