碳纤维/不锈钢极薄带纤维金属层板制备工艺及其弯曲性能

马威; 管海陆; 张晓琼; 王涛

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230609.002

碳纤维/不锈钢极薄带纤维金属层板制备工艺及其弯曲性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230609.002

马威¹,
管海陆¹,
张晓琼^1, ,,
王涛^{1, 2}

1.
太原理工大学　机械与运载工程学院，太原 030024
2.
太原理工大学　先进成形与智能装备研究院，太原 030024

基金项目: 山西省科技重大专项计划(202101120401008)；山西省基础研究计划(20210302124691)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张晓琼，博士，讲师，硕士生导师，研究方向为复合材料制备工艺及力学行为　E-mail: zhangxiaoqiong@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB333
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-30
- 修回日期: 2023-05-08
- 录用日期: 2023-05-17
- 网络出版日期: 2023-06-12
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-01

Preparation process and bending properties of CFRP/stainless steel ultra-thin strip fiber metal laminates

MA Wei¹,
GUAN Hailu¹,
ZHANG Xiaoqiong^{1
, ,},
WANG Tao^{1, 2}

1.
School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
2.
Advanced Forming Research Institute, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

Funds: Major Science and Technology Program of Shanxi Province (202101120401008); Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province (20210302124691)

摘要

摘要: 不锈钢极薄带这一新型精密带材具有质量轻(厚度仅为0.01~0.1 mm)、强度高、易成型、耐腐蚀等诸多优点，是一种极具应用前景的轻质高强材料。为了探讨不锈钢极薄带作为纤维金属层板组分材料的可行性及评估其力学性能优劣，通过对比6种不同的不锈钢极薄带表面处理工艺，探明了6种工艺中机械打磨+丙酮清洗+10wt%氢氧化钠溶液腐蚀+1wt%偶联剂是不锈钢极薄带与碳纤维预浸料复合的最优表面处理工艺，其单搭接拉伸剪切强度值为21.3 MPa。基于该工艺，采用T700碳纤维单向预浸料、T300编织布预浸料及0.1 mm厚软态、半硬态与硬态不锈钢极薄带分别制备出含不同层数与不同类型不锈钢极薄带的纤维金属层板。并通过三点弯曲实验对所制层板的弯曲性能与变形失效机制进行了系统研究。结果表明：碳纤维/不锈钢极薄带纤维金属层板弯曲失效模式主要受钢带强韧性变化影响，弯曲变形主要受钢带含量影响。
- 纤维金属层板 /
- 不锈钢极薄带 /
- 表面处理 /
- 抗弯性能 /
- 弯曲失效
Abstract: A new type of foil material of stainless steel ultra-thin strip with light mass (thickness only 0.01-0.1 mm), high strength, easy to form, corrosion resistance and many other advantages, is a kind of light and high strength material with great application prospects. In order to investigate the feasibility of stainless steel ultra-thin strip as a component material of fiber metal laminates and evaluate its mechanical properties, six different surface treatment processes of stainless steel ultra-thin strip were compared. It is proved that mechanical grinding + acetone cleaning + 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution corrosion + 1wt% coupling agent is the best surface treatment technology for the composite of stainless steel ultra-thin strip and carbon fiber prepreg, the single lap tensile shear strength is 21.3 MPa. Based on this technology, fiber metal laminates containing different layers and different types of stainless steel ultra-thin strips were prepared by using T700 carbon fiber unidirectional prepreg, T300 plain braid prepreg and soft, semi-hard and hard stainless steel ultra-thin strips with thickness of 0.1 mm. The bending properties and deformation failure mechanism of the laminates were systematically studied by three-point bending experiments. The results show that the bending failure mode of carbon fiber/stainless steel ultra-thin strip fiber metal laminates is mainly affected by the change of steel strip strength and toughness, the bending deformation is mainly affected by the content of steel strip.
- fiber metal laminates /
- stainless steel ultra-thin strip /
- surface treatment /
- bending resistance /
- bending failure

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图 1 不锈钢极薄带拉伸力学性能

Figure 1. Tensile mechanical property of stainless steel ultra-thin strip

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图 2 Instron-5969万能材料试验机

Figure 2. Instron-5969 universal material testing machine

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图 3 单搭接拉伸剪切试件尺寸

CFRP—Carbon fiber reinforced polymers

Figure 3. Dimensions of single lap tensile shear specimens

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图 4 单搭接剪切强度-位移曲线

Figure 4. Shear strength-displacement curves of single lap

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图 5 单搭接拉伸剪切失效区域宏观形貌

Figure 5. Macro morphology of single lap tensile shear failure region

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图 6 碳纤维/不锈钢极薄带层板制备工艺流程：(a) 裁剪不锈钢极薄带；(b) 裁剪碳纤维预浸料；(c) 砂纸打磨钢带；(d) 无尘纸清洁钢带；(e) 丙酮清洁钢带表面；(f) 氢氧化钠溶液腐蚀；(g) 配制偶联剂；(h) 偶联剂附着；(i) 铺层；(j) 真空包裹；(k) 热压罐热压固化；(l) 碳纤维/不锈钢极薄带层板

Figure 6. Preparation process of carbon fiber/stainless steel ultra-thin strip laminates: (a) Cutting stainless steel ultra-thin strip; (b) Cutting carbon fiber prepreg; (c) Grinding steel strip with sandpaper; (d) Clean steel strip with dust-free paper; (e) Clean the surface of steel strip with acetone; (f) Sodium hydroxide solution corrosion; (g) Prepare coupling agent; (h) Coupling agent adhesion; (i) Layup; (j) Vacuum wrapping; (k) Hot press curing with autoclave; (l) Carbon fibre/stainless steel ultra-thin strip laminates

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图 7 工装设计：(a) 真空袋；(b) 透气毡；(c) 无孔隔离膜；(d) 透气毡；(e) 有孔隔离膜；(f) 耐高温胶条；(g) 透气毡；(h) 碳纤维预浸料/不锈钢极薄带叠层；(i) 脱模布；(j) 玻璃板

Figure 7. Tooling design: (a) Empty bag; (b) Breathable felt; (c) Non porous isolation film; (d) Breathable felt; (e) Porous isolation film; (f) High temperature resistant adhesive tape; (g) Breathable felt; (h) Carbon fiber prepreg/stainless steel ultra-thin tape lamination; (i) Release cloth; (j) Glass plate

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图 8 固化工艺

Figure 8. Curing process

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图 9 E类(a)和F类(b)三点弯曲试件尺寸

Figure 9. Size of three-point bending test specimens of type E (a) and type F (b)

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图 10 E类层板三点弯曲载荷-挠度曲线：(a) 软态层板；(b) 半硬态层板；(c) 硬态层板

Figure 10. Three-point bending load-deflection curves of type E laminated plates: (a) Soft laminated plate; (b) Semi hard laminated plate; (c) Hard laminated plate

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图 11 E类层板三点弯曲过程高速摄影

Figure 11. Three-point bending process with high speed photography of type E laminated plates

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图 12 F类层板三点弯曲载荷-挠度曲线：(a) 软态层板；(b) 半硬态层板；(c) 硬态层板

Figure 12. Three-point bending load-deflection curves of type F laminated plates: (a) Soft laminated plate; (b) Semi hard laminated plate; (c) Hard laminated plate

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图 13 F类层板三点弯曲过程高速摄影

Figure 13. Three-point bending process with high speed photography of type F laminated plates

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表 1 T700单向碳纤维预浸料性能参数

Table 1. Performance parameters of T700 unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg

Fiber area density/(g·m⁻²)	Resin content/%	Bending strength/MPa	Interlaminar shear strength/MPa	Tensile strength/MPa
200	40	1350	75	2000

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表 2 T300碳纤维平纹织物预浸料性能参数

Table 2. Performance parameters of T300 carbon fiber plain fabric prepreg

Fiber area density/(g·m⁻²)	Resin content/%	Bending strength/MPa	Interlaminar shear strength/MPa	Tensile strength/MPa
200	40	850	65	650

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表 3 304不锈钢极薄带的化学成分 (wt%)

Table 3. Chemical composition of 304 stainless steel ultra-thin strip (wt%)

C	Cr	Ni	Mo	Si	Mn	P	S
0.048	18.250	8.103	0.042	0.459	1.060	0.030	0.004

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表 4 不锈钢极薄带表面处理工艺

Table 4. Surface treatment process of stainless steel ultra-thin strip

Method	Surface treatment process
a	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 0.5wt% coupling agent
b	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 1wt% coupling agent
c	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 5wt% coupling agent
d	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution corrosion + 0.5wt% coupling agent
e	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution corrosion + 1wt% coupling agent
f	Sanding + Acetone cleanout + 10wt% sodium hydroxide solution corrosion + 5wt% coupling agent

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表 5 6种试验件剪切强度测试结果

Table 5. Shear strength test results of six test pieces

Specimen	Tensile shear strength/ MPa
a	15.5
b	14.0
c	10.6
d	20.4
e	21.3
f	11.3

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表 6 碳纤维预浸料/不锈钢极薄带纤维金属层板(FMLs)铺层方案

Table 6. Lay-up scheme of carbon fiber prepreg/stainless steel ultra-thin strip fiber metal laminates (FMLs)

	Paving scheme	Total thickness/mm
Type E	[W/[G/0/G/90]₂/$\bar {\rm{G}} $]_s	2.55
Type F	[W/[0/90/G]₂/90/0/$\bar {\rm{G} } $]_s	2.75
Notes: W—Carbon fiber plain fabric prepreg; G—Stainless steel ultra-thin strip; $\bar {\rm{G} } $—Interlayer.

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表 7 E类层板在I、II变形阶段时的峰值载荷

Table 7. Peak load of type E laminated plates at different deformation stages

Type of specimen	F_{I max}/N	F_{II max}/N
Soft laminated plate	562	533
Semi hard laminated plate	539	545
Hard laminated plate	532	559
Notes: F_{I max}—Peak load of stage I; F_{II max}—Peak load of stage II.

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表 8 F类层板所承受的峰值载荷

Table 8. Peak load of type F laminated plate

Type of test piece	F_max/N
Soft laminated plate	738
Semi hard laminated plate	786
Hard laminated plate	805
Note: F_max—Peak load.

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