In-plane compression properties of negative Poisson's ratio structure of rotating thin-walled multi-cell square tubes with foam concrete filler
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摘要: 为改善薄壁金属管件的力学及吸能性能，提出了一种泡沫混凝土填充旋转薄壁多胞方管负泊松比结构(RSTFC)。对薄壁多胞方管(TMST)、旋转薄壁多胞方管(RTMST)和RSTFC试件进行准静态面内压缩试验，研究了3类不同试件的变形模式、载荷-位移曲线和吸能性能。试验结果表明：TMST、RTMST和RSTFC试件均表现为压缩破坏；对比于TMST试件，RTMST试件因发生旋转变形可有效降低载荷峰值，同时吸收更多能量，压溃力效率和能量吸收分别增大了73.2%和33.6%；泡沫混凝土的存在促使铝管在试件旋转过程中发生了一定程度的变形及泡沫混凝土不断压缩变形，因此填充有200 kg/m3泡沫混凝土RSTFC试件的压溃力效率和能量吸收较RTMST试件分别增大了22.5%和8.9%。基于试验验证的数值结果表明：铝管和泡沫混凝土之间承载能力的相互匹配决定了RSTFC试件的力学及吸能性能，可通过调整泡沫混凝土密度、铝管壁厚和泡沫混凝土填充方式等实现对RSTFC试件变形模式、载荷传递与吸能性能的调控。因两个周期性结构试件具有相对更高的比吸能和压溃力效率，建议在实际工程中应用。Abstract: To improve the mechanical and energy absorption properties of thin-walled metal tubular structures, a type of negative Poisson's ratio structure of rotating thin-walled multi-cell square tubes with foam concrete filler (RSTFC) was proposed. Firstly, quasi-static compressive test on the thin-walled multi-cell square tubes (TMST), rotating thin-walled multi-cell square tubes (RTMST), and RSTFC specimens were carried out, and their deformation mode, load-displacement curve, and energy absorption performance were experimentally investigated. The test results show that the TMST, RTMST, and RSTFC specimens all exhibit compressive failure. Furthermore, it is found that the rotational deformation of the RTMST specimen can effectively reduce its peak load and improve the energy absorption by 73.2% and 33.6% in comparison to the TMST specimen. Moreover, due to the presence of foam concrete, the aluminum tubes undergo a certain degree of deformation during the rotational process, accompanied by continuous compression deformation of the foam concrete. As a result, the crushing force efficiency and energy absorption of the RSTFC specimen filled with 200 kg/m3 foam concrete increase by 22.5% and 8.9% respectively compared to those of the RTMST specimen. Based on the validated numerical model by test data, it is observed that the matching of bearing capacity between aluminum tube and foam concrete significantly influence the mechanical properties and energy absorption of the RSTFC specimen. Therefore, the deformation mode, load transfer, and energy absorption performance of the RSTFC specimen could be regulated by adjusting the density of foam concrete, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube, and the filling mode of foam concrete. It was recommended to apply RSTFC with two periodic structures in practical engineering due to their relatively higher specific energy absorption and crushing force efficiency.
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图 2 泡沫混凝土填充旋转薄壁多胞方管(RSTFC)试件的制作过程
Figure 2. Fabrication process of rotating thin-walled multi-cell square tubes with foam concrete filler (RSTFC) specimen
图 7 试件的能量吸收效率(Ee)-位移曲线
δD—Densification displacement
Figure 7. Energy absorption efficiency (Ee)-displacement curves of specimens
图 8 RSTFC试件在准静态压缩下的数值模型
Figure 8. Numerical model of RSTFC specimen subjected to quasi-static compression
图 9 RSTFC试件在准静态压缩下的网格敏感性分析
Figure 9. Mesh sensitivity analysis of RSTFC specimen under quasi-static compression
图 10 试验和数值模拟中试件在准静态压缩下变形模式的比较
Figure 10. Comparison of the deformation mode of specimens in the test and numerical simulation under quasi-static compression
图 11 试验和数值模拟中试件在准静态压缩下载荷-位移曲线的比较
Figure 11. Comparison of the load-displacement curves of specimens in the test and numerical simulation under quasi-static compression
图 12 不同密度泡沫混凝土的名义应力-应变曲线
Figure 12. Nominal stress-strain curves of foam concrete with different densities
图 13 填充不同密度泡沫混凝土RSTFC试件的变形模式
The numbers following RSTFC indicate the density of foam concrete, the thickness of aluminum tube, and the filling mode of foam concrete, respectively; P1 means the number of periodic structures is 1
Figure 13. Deformation mode of RSTFC specimens with different densities of foam concrete filler
图 14 填充不同密度泡沫混凝土RSTFC试件的载荷-位移曲线
Figure 14. Load-displacement curves of RSTFC specimens with different densities of foam concrete filler
图 15 填充不同密度泡沫混凝土RSTFC试件的比吸能(Es)和压溃力效率(Ef)
Figure 15. Specific energy absorption (Es) and crushing force efficiency (Ef) of RSTFC specimens with different densities of foam concrete filler
图 16 不同铝管壁厚RSTFC试件的变形模式
Figure 16. Deformation mode of RSTFC specimens with different thicknesses of aluminum tube
图 17 不同铝管壁厚RSTFC试件的载荷-位移曲线
Figure 17. Load-displacement curves of RSTFC specimens with different thicknesses of aluminum tube
图 18 不同铝管壁厚RSTFC试件的Es和Ef
Figure 18. Es and Ef of RSTFC specimens with different thicknesses of aluminum tube
图 19 不同泡沫混凝土填充方式RSTFC试件的变形模式
Figure 19. Deformation mode of RSTFC specimens with different filling modes of foam concrete
图 20 不同泡沫混凝土填充方式RSTFC试件的载荷-位移曲线
Figure 20. Load-displacement curves of RSTFC specimens with different filling modes of foam concrete
图 21 不同泡沫混凝土填充方式RSTFC试件的Es和Ef
Figure 21. Es and Ef of RSTFC specimens with different filling modes of foam concrete
图 22 不同周期性结构数目RSTFC试件的变形模式
Figure 22. Deformation mode of RSTFC specimens with different numbers of periodic structures
图 23 不同周期性结构数目RSTFC试件的载荷-位移曲线
Figure 23. Load-displacement curves of RSTFC specimens with different numbers of periodic structures
图 24 不同周期性结构数目RSTFC试件的Es和Ef
Figure 24. Es and Ef of RSTFC specimens with different numbers of periodic structures
表 1 试件质量和几何参数
Table 1. Mass and geometry parameters of specimens
Specimen Mass
/kgHeight
/mmBottom area
/mm2Density of foam
concrete/(kg·m−3)TMST 0.280 81 6521 — RTMST 0.490 119 9543 — RSTFC 0.518 120 9616 193.5 Notes: TMST—Thin-walled multi-cell square tubes; RTMST—Rotating thin-walled multi-cell square tubes. 
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表 2 铝、钢和泡沫混凝土的力学性能
Table 2. Mechanical properties of aluminum, steel and foam concrete
Material $\rho $/(kg·m–3) $ E $/GPa ${\sigma _{\text{y}}}$/MPa ${\sigma _{\text{u}}}$/MPa ${\sigma _{\text{p}}}$/MPa Aluminum 2710 69.9 276.7 324.4 — Steel 7930 242.3 246.3 627.6 — Foam concrete 193.5 0.3 — — 0.2 Notes: $\rho $—Density; $ E $—Young's modulus; ${\sigma _{\text{y}}}$ and ${\sigma _{\text{u}}}$—Yield and ultimate strength, respectively; ${\sigma _{\text{p}}}$—Plateau stress of foam concrete.
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表 3 试件的吸能性能参数
Table 3. Energy absorption performance parameters of specimens
Specimen δD
/mmEa
/JEs
/(J·kg–1)Fp
/kNFm
/kNEf TMST 47.0 675.6 2412.9 75.9 14.4 0.190 RTMST 85.1 902.4 1841.6 32.2 10.6 0.329 RSTFC 85.9 982.5 1896.7 28.4 11.4 0.403 Notes: Ea—Energy absorption; Es—Specific energy absorption; Fp—Peak crushing force; Fm—Mean crushing force; Ef—Crushing force efficiency.
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表 4 填充不同密度泡沫混凝土RSTFC试件的数值结果汇总
Table 4. Summary of numerical results of RSTFC specimens with different densities of foam concrete filler
Specimen Fp/kN δD/mm Ea/J Es/(J·kg–1) Fm/kN Ef RSTFC200-1.0-4-P1 29.9 91.1 951.3 1836.4 10.4 0.350 RSTFC400-1.0-4-P1 31.5 91.6 1017.4 1863.3 11.1 0.352 RSTFC600-1.0-4-P1 21.6 89.1 808.5 1408.6 9.1 0.419 RSTFC800-1.0-4-P1 11.7 82.8 610.0 1013.4 7.4 0.631 RSTFC1000-1.0-4-P1 11.2 81.8 603.1 957.3 7.4 0.656 RSTFC200-0.5-4-P1 2.3 81.2 133.8 347.9 1.6 0.720 RSTFC200-1.5-4-P1 70.1 88.7 1830.5 2839.4 20.6 0.295 RSTFC200-1.0-5-P1 27.7 88.3 961.2 1830.9 10.9 0.393 RSTFC200-1.0-9-P1 15.0 78.9 670.3 1212.1 8.5 0.568 RSTFC200-1.0-4-P2 29.3 89.9 1306.6 2437.7 14.5 0.496 RSTFC200-1.0-4-P3 28.1 87.9 1180.6 2178.3 13.4 0.478 RSTFC200-1.0-4-P4 26.5 75.0 910.8 1671.2 12.1 0.458 Notes: The letter P in the specimen index represent single periodic structure in different numbers of periodic structures; The number of periodic structures is also specified following the letter P.
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