CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的抗低速冲击性能

付珊珊; 陈栋; 时建纬; 李成

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221014.007

CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的抗低速冲击性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221014.007

郑州大学　机械与动力工程学院，郑州 450001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52175153)；中国博士后科学基金(2021 M692912)；河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22 A610013)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李成，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为复合材料损伤分析和复合材料损伤检查　E-mail: chengli@zzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-29
- 修回日期: 2022-09-23
- 录用日期: 2022-10-01
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-17
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-15

Low-velocity impact of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets

School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (52175153); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021 M692912); Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province (22 A610013)

摘要

摘要: 针对蜂窝结构抗冲击性能进行有限元仿真，验证模型与实验结果的一致性，主要研究了碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板在低速冲击下的防护特性。通过改变壁厚在传统蜂窝结构中引入密度梯度，针对不同冲击能量和不同梯度系数α，对比研究了功能梯度夹层板和传统夹层板的吸能特性。结果表明，冲击能量较小时α>1的蜂窝夹层板具有更好的吸能特性，随着冲击能量的增大，具有吸能优越性的芯层从α>1逐渐向α<1转变，当冲击能量足够击穿整个夹层板时，α<1的夹层板具有更好的吸能特性。在20 J、50 J和100 J冲击能量下，同等质量下的功能梯度夹层板比传统夹层板吸能分别提升7.54%、5.33%和8.65%。
- 功能梯度 /
- 低速冲击 /
- 吸能 /
- 夹层板 /
- 有限元仿真
Abstract: The impact process and resistance capability of honeycomb plate with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) face sheets were studied by using finite element model (FEM), and the FEM was verified by comparing with impact experiment. The density gradient was introduced into the traditional honeycomb structure by changing the wall thickness and the protection characteristics of functional gradient (FG) honeycomb sandwich plate under low-velocity impact (LVI) were simulated under different impact energies and gradient coefficients α. The energy absorption characteristics of the FG and the traditional sandwich plate were compared through FEM. The results show that, under low impact energy, the honeycomb sandwich plate with α>1 has better energy absorption. With the increase of impact energy, the core with absorbing energy advantages changes gradually from α>1 to α<1, when the whole sandwich plate is penetrated, the sandwich plate with α<1 has better energy absorption characteristics. Under the impact energy of 20 J, 50 J and 100 J, the energy absorptions of functional gradient sandwich plates are 7.54%, 5.33% and 8.65% higher than that of traditional sandwich plates with the same mass.
- functional gradient /
- low-velocity impact /
- energy absorption /
- sandwich plate /
- finite element model

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图 1 梯度夹层板几何模型

Figure 1. Geometric model of gradient honeycomb sandwich plate

h—Height of honeycomb cell; l—Length of honeycomb wall; t—Thickness of honeycomb wall; θ—Honeycomb cell wall angle; α—Gradient coefficient

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图 2 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)面板-丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚(ASB)蜂窝夹层板冲击有限元模型(FEM)

Figure 2. Finite element model (FEM) of sandwich plate with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) honeycombsandwich plate and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) face sheets under impact

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图 3 不同网格尺寸接触力历程曲线

Figure 3. Contact force history curves of different mesh sizes

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图 4 不同冲击能量E_k下CFRP面板-ABS蜂窝夹层板的接触力与吸能

Figure 4. Contact force and energy of sandwich plate with ABS core and CFRP face sheets under different impact energies E_k

Cf—Contact force; En—Energy

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图 5 不同E_k下CFRP面板-ABS蜂窝夹层板的试验与仿真损伤对比图

Figure 5. Comparison diagram of experimental and simulation damage of sandwich plate with ABS core and CFRP face sheets under different E_k

U—Displacement; LE—True strain

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图 6 不同E_k下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板芯层变形及应变图

Figure 6. Deformation and strain diagram of cores of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different E_k

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图 7 不同E_k下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的接触力历程

Figure 7. Contact force history curves of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different E_k

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图 8 不同E_k下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的吸能历程

Figure 8. Energy absorption history curves of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different E_k

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图 9 不同E_k下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的中节点位移历程

Figure 9. Displacement history of intermediate point in functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different E_k

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图 10 不同密度梯度CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板的能量吸收特性

Figure 10. Energy absorption characteristics of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets with different density gradients

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图 11 不同梯度形式下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板吸能分布对比

Figure 11. Comparison of energy absorption distribution of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different gradient forms

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图 12 不同梯度数值下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板吸能分布对比

Figure 12. Comparison of energy absorption distribution of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different gradient values

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表 5 抗冲击性能综合对比

Impact energy /J	α	Peak contact force /N	Total energy /J	Core energy /J	Total energy percentage increase (%)
20	0.7	3033.87	15.77	9.74	-6.14
	1	3670.45	16.85	11.76	——
	1.4	4265.74	18.12	13.52	7.54
50	0.7	4420.25	40.63	30.11	-4.22
	1	4496.30	42.42	32.66	——
	1.4	4781.43	44.68	36.03	5.33
100	0.7	4100.79	91.58	61.76	8.65
	1	4700.03	84.29	53.88	——
	1.4	4570.88	88.63	58.78	5.15

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表 1 CFRP材料参数

Table 1. Material properties of CFRP

Property	Value
Longitudinal stiffness E₁/GPa	55.92
Transverse stiffness E₂/GPa	54.40
Shear modulus G₁₂/GPa	4.199
Poisson's ratio ν₂₁	0.043
Longitudinal tensile strength X_t/MPa	910.1
Longitudinal compressive strength X_c/MPa	710.2
Transverse tensile strength Y_t/MPa	772.2
Transverse compressive strength Y_c/MPa	703.2
Shear strength S_c/MPa	131.0

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表 2 ABS材料参数

Table 2. Material properties of ABS

Density/ (kg·m⁻³)	Young's modulus/ MPa	Poisson's ratio	Yield strength/MPa	Effective failure strain
1100	1741	0.35	39	0.015

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表 3 网格收敛性分析

Table 3. Analysis of mesh convergence

Mesh size/mm	Peak force/N	Experimental difference/%	FEM relative difference%
1.0	5374.09	36.45	—
0.8	4489.10	13.98	16.48
0.5	4103.61	4.19	8.59

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表 4 不同E_k下CFRP面板-ABS蜂窝夹层板的接触力峰值和吸能及其相对误差

Table 4. Contact force peak and energy absorption and their relative errors of sandwich plate with ABS core and CFRP face sheets under different E_k

E_k/J	Contact force/N			Energy/J
E_k/J	Cf-experiment^[20]/N	Cf-simulation/N	Error/%	En-experiment^[20]/J	En-simulation/J	Relative error/%
20	3938.59	4103.61	4.19	17.15	16.54	−3.56
40	4346.52	4641.75	6.79	38.33	36.46	−4.88
70	3745.37	4014.12	7.18	68.27	65.51	−4.04

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表 5 CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板壁厚与梯度值

Table 5. Wall thickness and gradient values of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets

Gradient coefficient α	Wall thickness/mm
Gradient coefficient α	Layer 1	Layer 2	Layer 3
1	1.50	1.50	1.50
1.2	1.94	1.62	1.35
1.3	2.13	1.64	1.26
1.4	2.29	1.64	1.17
1.5	2.43	1.62	1.08
1.6	2.56	1.60	1.00
0.7	1.17	1.64	2.29

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表 6 CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板抗冲击性能综合对比

Table 6. Comprehensive comparison of impact resistance of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets

E_k/J	α	Peak contact force/ N	Total energy/ J	Core energy/ J	Total energy percentage increase/%
20	0.7	3033.87	15.77	9.74	−6.14
	1	3670.45	16.85	11.76	—
	1.4	4265.74	18.12	13.52	7.54
50	0.7	4420.25	40.63	30.11	−4.22
	1	4496.30	42.42	32.66	—
	1.4	4781.43	44.68	36.03	5.33
100	0.7	4100.79	91.58	61.76	8.65
	1	4700.03	84.29	53.88	—
	1.4	4570.88	88.63	58.78	5.15

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表 7 不同E_k下CFRP面板-功能梯度蜂窝夹层板吸能对比

Table 7. Comparison of energy absorption characteristics of functional gradient honeycomb sandwich plate with CFRP face sheets under different E_k

E_k/J	Optimal α	Total energy/J	Total energy percentage increase/%
20	1.6	18.56	10.15
50	1.6	45.19	6.53
100	0.7	92.61	9.87

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