BaSO<sub>4</sub>/TPU纳米复合材料的制备及其性能研究

孔旭光; 龚静华; 范冰; 马敬红

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221012.002

BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料的制备及其性能研究

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221012.002

1.
东华大学　材料科学与工程学院，纤维材料改性国家重点实验室，上海 201620
2.
上海永利带业股份有限公司，上海 201702

详细信息

通讯作者:
马敬红，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纳米复合材料　E-mail: mjh68@dhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-18
- 修回日期: 2022-09-19
- 录用日期: 2022-09-27
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-15

Preparation and properties of BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites

1.
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2.
Shanghai Yongli Belting Company Limited, Shanghai 201702, China

摘要

摘要: 食品行业用输送带在运转过程中，可能会出现面层塑料颗粒脱落黏附在食品上，造成食品质量不合格，对人体健康产生负面影响。因此，开展可X射线探测的面层材料改性研究十分重要。本文通过熔融共混法制备了BaSO₄/热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)纳米复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析(TGA)、硬度和拉伸试验等系统地进行BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料的结构、热稳定性能和力学性能的表征。特别地，通过X射线透视测试表征复合材料的X射线显影性能。SEM表明BaSO₄以纳米尺寸均匀分散在TPU基体中。力学性能测试结果表明，BaSO₄对TPU有增强作用，BaSO₄添加量为10wt%时，BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料的综合力学性能最佳，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和断裂功较未改性TPU提高了10.19%、30.09%和31.92%。TGA测试结果表明BaSO₄/TPU复合材料的高温热稳定性有所提高。此外，通过添加纳米BaSO₄，复合材料的X射线显影性能也得到了改善，从而实现在输送带面层中的应用。
- 热塑性聚氨酯 /
- BaSO₄ /
- 纳米复合材料 /
- X射线显影性能 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: During the operation of the conveyor belt used in the food industry, the plastic particles on the surface layer may fall off and adhere to the food, resulting in unqualified food quality and a negative impact on human health. Therefore, it is of great importance to research the modification of surface layer materials that can be detected by X-rays. In this study, BaSO₄/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites were prepared by the melt blending method. The phase morphology, thermal stability, and tensile property of BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), hardness, and tensile property tests. In particular, the X ray developing properties of the composites were characterized by X ray fluoroscopy tests. SEM shows that BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites are the best. The tensile strength, elongation at break and work of fracture improve by 10.19%, 30.09% and 31.92% compared to unmodified TPU. The TGA test results show that the high-temperature thermal stability of BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites is improved. In addition, by adding BaSO₄, the X ray developing properties of the composites are also improved, thus realizing the application in the surface layer of conveyor belts.
- thermoplastic polyurethane /
- BaSO₄ /
- nanocomposites /
- X ray developing properties /
- tensile property

HTML全文

图 1 (a) BaSO₄粒径分布；BaSO₄/热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)复合材料断面的SEM图像：(b) BaSO₄；(c) TPU；(d) BaSO₄/TPU-5；(e) BaSO₄/TPU-10；(f) BaSO₄/TPU-12.5；(g) BaSO₄/TPU-15；(h) BaSO₄/TPU-20

Figure 1. (a) BaSO₄ particle size distribution; SEM images of the cross section for BaSO₄/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites: (b) BaSO₄; (c) TPU; (d) BaSO₄/TPU-5; (e) BaSO₄/TPU-10; (f) BaSO₄/TPU-12.5; (g) BaSO₄/TPU-15; (h) BaSO₄/TPU-20

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图 2 BaSO₄、TPU和BaSO₄/TPU-12.5的FTIR图谱

Figure 2. FTIR spectra of BaSO₄, TPU and BaSO₄/TPU-12.5

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图 3 BaSO₄/TPU 纳米复合材料的力学性能与BaSO₄质量分数的关系曲线：(a) 应力-应变曲线；(b) 拉伸强度和断裂伸长率；(c) 断裂功

Figure 3. Relationship between the mechanical properties of BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites and the mass fraction of BaSO₄: (a) Stress-strain curves; (b) Tensile strength and elongation at break; (c) Work of fracture

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图 4 纳米复合材料的邵氏硬度与BaSO₄质量分数的关系

Figure 4. Shore A hardness of nanocomposites as function of nano-BaSO₄ content

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图 5 TPU和不同BaSO₄添加量纳米复合材料的TGA (a)和DTG曲线 (b)

Figure 5. TGA (a) and DTG (b) curves of TPU and nanocomposites with different nano-BaSO₄ contents

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图 6 TPU与BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料试样的X射线显影照片：(a) TPU；(b) BaSO₄/TPU-5；(c) BaSO₄/TPU-10；(d) BaSO₄/TPU-12.5；(e) BaSO₄/TPU-15；(f) BaSO₄/TPU-20

Figure 6. X ray photographs of TPU and BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites: (a) TPU; (b) BaSO₄/TPU-5; (c) BaSO₄/TPU-10; (d) BaSO₄/TPU-12.5; (e) BaSO₄/TPU-15; (f) BaSO₄/TPU-20

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表 1 BaSO₄/热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 (TPU)纳米复合材料的组成

Table 1. Composition of BaSO₄/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites

Sample	Mass percentage of each component in nanocomposites/wt%
Sample	TPU	BaSO₄	KH-570
TPU	100.0	0	0.0
BaSO₄/TPU-5	94.6	5	0.4
BaSO₄/TPU-10	89.2	10	0.8
BaSO₄/TPU-12.5	86.5	12.5	1.0
BaSO₄/TPU-15	83.8	15	1.2
BaSO₄/TPU-20	78.4	20	1.6

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表 2 TPU与BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料的热失重数据

Table 2. Date from TG and DTG curves of TPU and BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites

Sample	T_onset/℃	T_50%/℃	T_{1 max}/℃	T_{2 max}/℃	C.R._600℃/%
TPU	302.5	361.6	348.5	407.7	2.91
BaSO₄/TPU-5	283.7	362.6	332.6	414.1	7.04
BaSO₄/TPU-10	279.5	375.4	340.0	414.8	12.02
BaSO₄/TPU-12.5	271.4	378.5	340.0	414.7	14.33
BaSO₄/TPU-15	272.7	391.8	342.8	415.9	17.72
BaSO₄/TPU-20	266.2	398.6	340.2	416.2	21.14
Notes: T_onset—Onset degradation temperature (temperature at 5.0% mass loss); T_50%—Temperature at 50.0% mass loss; T_{1 max} and T_{2 max}—Maximum decomposition temperature in the first and second stage; C.R._600℃—Yield of char residue at 600℃.

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表 3 TPU与BaSO₄/TPU纳米复合材料的灰度值数据

Table 3. Date of grayscale value of TPU and BaSO₄/TPU nanocomposites

Sample	Grayscale value
TPU	31.57
BaSO₄/TPU-5	28.35
BaSO₄/TPU-10	23.16
BaSO₄/TPU-12.5	19.23
BaSO₄/TPU-15	15.97
BaSO₄/TPU-20	11.77

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