Abstract: Carbon fiber structure lithium-ion batteries (CFSLB) are combination of structural parts and energy storage system. CFSLB have excellent energy storage properties while maintaining the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer. Structural batteries can improve the energy efficiency and structural efficiency of the power battery pack while reducing weight and simplifying structure. Structure batteries, as a new energy storage device, have attracted great attention of home and aboard scholars in the requirement of low-carbon emission. This article reviews the research status and fundamental problems included working principle, preparing process and storing energy properties of embedded structure batteries and multifunctional composite structure batteries. The concept and design prototype on All-carbon solidity structure batteries are suggested. The representative applications of structure batteries are introduced. The future applications in aerospace, transportation and other industrial fields are discussed.