Preparation of ZnO modified stainless steel mesh with controllable wettability and its oil-water separation performance
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摘要: 为了制备出具有可控润湿性的不锈钢滤网，并根据其相关特性用于研究油水分离性能，本文通过水热法在不锈钢表面生长一层氧化锌，构造微纳米粗糙度，随后用不同链长的脂肪酸改性的方法，成功制备出具有可控润湿性的不锈钢滤网。采用接触角测量仪、FTIR、SEM及XRD等分别对样品的润湿性和表面形貌及成分进行分析，采用油水分离装置表征样品的油水分离效率及重复使用性。结果表明依据不同链长的脂肪酸改性的样品出现了从超亲水到超疏水的润湿性变化，范围为0°~158°，油始终保持在0°。油水分离效率在92%~98%，重复使用50次后，仍然具有油水分离的性能。因此，制备的不锈钢滤网具有优异的油水分离性能和良好的重复使用性能。Abstract: In order to prepare stainless steel filter with controllable wettability and oil-water separation property, a layer of zinc oxide was grown on the surface of stainless steel by hydrothermal method to construct micro-nano roughness. Then, a stainless steel filter with controllable wettability was successfully prepared by modification of fatty acids with different chain lengths. The wettability, surface morphology and composition of the samples were analyzed by contact angle measuring instrument, FTIR, SEM and XRD, respectively. The oil-water separation efficiency and reusability of the samples were characterized by oil-water separation device. The results show that the wettability of the samples modified by fatty acids with different chain lengths varie from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic, ranging from 0° to 158°, and the oil remain at 0°. The oil-water separation efficiency is 92%-98%, and it still has oil-water separation performance after repeated use for 50 times. Therefore, the prepared stainless steel filter has excellent oil-water separation performance and good reuse performance.
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Key words:
- manipulation of wettability /
- oil-water separation /
- stainless steel mesh /
- hydrothermal /
- ZnO /
- fatty acids
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图 1 可控润湿性的ZnO修饰的不锈钢网的制备流程
Figure 1. Preparation process of stainless steel net modified by ZnOwith controllable wettability
图 3 硬脂酸 (a) 和丙酸 (b) 改性后不锈钢网膜上水滴的形状
Figure 3. Shape of water droplets on the stainless steel omentum modified by stearic acid (a) and propionic acid (b)
CA—Contact angle
图 4 脂肪酸链长与水、油在不锈钢网膜上的接触角的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between chain length of fatty acids and contact angle for water and oil on the stainless steel omentum films
图 5 不锈钢滤网膜特殊润湿性的表征
Figure 5. Characterization of the special wettability of stainless steel films
图 6 原始不锈钢滤网与超疏水不锈钢滤网的SEM图像
Figure 6. SEM images of original stainless steel mesh and superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh
图 7 不同浓度的碱性物处理下的不锈钢表面SEM图像
Figure 7. SEM images treated with different concentrations of alkaline stainless steel substances
图 10 超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网油水分离试验过程
Figure 10. Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic stainless steel mesh oil-water separation experiment process
图 11 超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网不同油水混合物的分离效率
Figure 11. Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic stainless steel mesh separation efficiency of different oil-water mixtures
图 12 超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网上循环次数与分离效率、接触角的关系
Figure 12. Relationship between the number of cycles and separation efficiency and contact angle on the superhydrophobic and superoleophilic stainless steel mesh
图 13 超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网循环50次后的表面的形貌
Figure 13. Surface morphology of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic stainless steel mesh after 50 cycles
图 14 超疏水超亲油不锈钢滤网经酸、碱、盐溶液浸泡后的接触角
Figure 14. Contact angle of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic stainless steel screen soaked by acid, alkali and salt solution
表 1 不同液体的表面张力及密度
Table 1. Surface tension and density of different liquids
Liquids Water 1,1-dichloromethane Chloroform Kerosene n-heptane Petrol Surface tension/(mN·m−1) 72 28 29 24 20 22 Density/(g·mL−1) 1 1.32 1.5 0.8 0.683 0.75 
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