Interface characteristics study of Al/Mg laminated composite sheets by multi-passes RHR
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摘要: 为研究热辊轧制对层状复合材料组织性能的影响，本文采用多道次热辊轧制工艺制备了Al/AZ31B/Al多层复合板材，通过OM、XRD、SEM及设计模具测试，分析了不同压下率、退火温度对复合板材界面微观形貌和结合性能的影响规律。结果表明：热辊轧制兼具变形和促进扩散层的形成双重作用，大压下率复合板材结合界面形成不连续的扩散层。随着压下率增加，结合面由平直逐渐呈显著的“波浪”型，相近的剪切坡度成对出现且角度相近，过大压下率导致异质材料变形过程难以协调，镁层厚度方向减薄明显的部分区域出现裂纹。退火后Al/Mg结合界面形成了更有效的冶金结合，随着退火温度的升高，扩散层厚度不断增加且有分层现象，金属间化合物为Al3Mg2(β相)和Mg17Al12(γ相)。剥离形貌为准解理断裂，退火温度过高时，板条状的金属间化合物变得更加粗大，两金属板材会从金属间化合物层开裂。在压下率为60%~70%，退火温度为200~250℃时有利于热辊轧制复合板材的结合强度提升。Abstract: In order to study the effect of rolling with heated roll on the microstructure and properties of laminated composites, Al/AZ31B/Al laminated composites were fabricated by multi-passes RHR in this paper. The influences of different reduction and annealing temperatures on the interfacial morphology and bonding properties of the composites were analyzed by OM, XRD, SEM and design mold tests. The results show that the rolling with heated roll has a deformation and promoting the formation of a diffusion layer, and the discontinuous diffusion layer is formed at bonding interface of composite sheets under high reduction. With the increase of the reduction, the bonding surface gradually presents a significant “wave” type from flat, and the shear slopes occur in pairs with similar angles. The excessive reduction leads to difficulty in the coordination of the deformation process of heterogeneous materials, and the cracks appear in some areas of the decreasing direction of the magnesium layer thickness. After annealing, the Al/Mg bonding interface forms more effective metallurgical bonding. With the increase of annealing temperature, the thickness of the diffusion layer increases, and there is a delamination phenomenon. The intermetallic compounds are Al3Mg2 (β phase) and Mg17Al12 (γ phase). The peeling morphology is quasi-cleavage fracture. When the annealing temperature is too high, the sheet-shaped intermetallic compound becomes thicker, and the two metal plates will be crackled from the intermetallic compound layer. When the reduction is 60%-70% and the annealing temperature is 200-250℃, the bonding strength of the composite sheet by multi-passes rolling with heated roll is improved.
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图 1 Al/Mg/Al层状复合板轧制示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of rolling Al/Mg/Al laminated composite plate
图 2 剪切试样及模具示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of shear sample and die
RD—Rolling direction; ND—Normal direction
图 3 不同压下率Al/Mg/Al复合板材结合界面光学显微组织
Figure 3. Optical microstructure of the bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated sheets with different reduction
图 4 不同退火温度下Al/Mg/Al复合板材Mg层光学显微组织
Figure 4. Optical microstructure of Mg layer in Al/Mg/Al laminated composite at different annealing temperatures
图 5 不同压下率下Al/Mg/Al复合板材结合界面SEM图像
Figure 5. SEM images of the bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated composites at different reduction
图 6 不同退火温度Al/Mg/Al复合板材结合界面的SEM图像
Figure 6. SEM images of the bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated composites at different annealing temperatures
图 7 不同退火温度的Al/Mg结合界面EDS图谱
Figure 7. EDS spectra of the Al/Mg bonding interface at different annealing temperature
l1 and l3—Boundary between the two metal compounds; l2—Boundary between Al matrix and intermetallic compound; l4—Boundary between Mg matrix and intermetallic compound
图 8 Al/Mg/Al复合板材Al/Mg结合界面XRD结果
Figure 8. XRD phase analysis of Al/Mg bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al composite plate
图 9 Al/Mg/Al复合板材的Al/Mg结合界面EDS图像
Figure 9. EDS images of Al/Mg bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated composite
图 10 300℃退火后镁层基体剥离面SEM图像及EDS图谱
Figure 10. SEM images and EDS spectra of magnesium layer matrix peeling surface after annealing at 300℃
TD—Transverse direction
图 11 不同退火温度下Al/Mg/Al复合板材结合界面经剥离后的镁层SEM图像
Figure 11. SEM images of Mg layer after peeling off the bonding interface of Al/Mg/Al laminated composite at different annealing temperatures
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