碳纤维复合材料液压缸研究现状与发展趋势

徐兵; 纵怀志; 张军辉; 张堃; 黄信菩; 陆振宇; 贺电

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210824.002

碳纤维复合材料液压缸研究现状与发展趋势

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210824.002

徐兵^1,,
纵怀志^1,,
张军辉^1, ,,
张堃¹,
黄信菩¹,
陆振宇²,
贺电³

1.
浙江大学　流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室，杭州 230027
2.
南昌大学　机电工程学院，南昌 330031
3.
三一重工泵送研究院，长沙 410100

基金项目: 国家优秀青年科学基金(51922093)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张军辉，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为液压足式机器人、高功率密度液压驱动　E-mail: benzjh@zju.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332；TD460.45
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-10
- 修回日期: 2021-06-28
- 录用日期: 2021-07-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-02-01

Research status and development trend of carbon fiber reinforced polymer hydraulic cylinder

1.
State Key Laboratory of and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 230027, China
2.
School of Mechatronic Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
3.
SANY Concrete Machinery LTD., Changsha 410100, China

摘要

摘要: 碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)具有抗热冲击、抗拉强度高、耐腐蚀等优点，已广泛应用在机器人、航空航天、工程装备及其他领域，用CFRP来制备液压缸能够大幅度提升液压系统的轻量化的水平，帮助系统降低能耗。本文从复合材料缸筒、活塞和活塞杆、成型工艺、密封润滑和发展趋势五个方面综述了CFRP液压缸的发展现状，介绍缸筒和活塞中金属与复合材料之间的联接方法及多材料设计的参考准则，并对手糊式、缠绕式、拉挤式、树脂传递模型成型等加工工艺进行介绍，然后讨论了CFRP液压缸存在的密封、摩擦、动态响应等问题，最后从涂层、加工、后处理给出了碳纤维液压缸的发展趋势。
- 碳纤维复合材料 /
- 液压缸 /
- 轻量化设计 /
- 多材料设计 /
- 纤维缠绕
Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been widely used in robotics, aerospace, engineering equipment and other fields for its advantages of thermal shock resistance, high tensile strength and corrosion resistance. Producing hydraulic cylinder with CFRP can greatly improve the lightweight level of hydraulic system and reduce energy consumption further. The paper summarizes the development status of CFRP hydraulic cylinder from five aspects: composite cylinder, piston and piston rod, molding process, sealing and lubrication, and development trends. Then the connection methods between metal and composite material in cylinder and piston are introduced, during which the reference criteria of multi-material design is given in detail. The processing technologies of hand lay-up, filament winding, pultrusion, resin transfer model forming are shown, then the problems of sealing, friction and dynamic response of CFRP hydraulic cylinder are discussed. Finally, the development trends of CFRP hydraulic cylinder are given from three aspects: Coating, processing and post-treatment.
- carbon fiber reinforced polymer /
- hydraulic cylinder: lightweight design /
- multi-material design /
- filament winding /

HTML全文

图 1 全复合材料缸筒的加工流程

Figure 1. Processing of all carbon fiber hydraulic tube

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图 2 全碳纤维液压缸缸筒

Figure 2. All carbon fiber hydraulic tube

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图 3 四种金属和复合材料的连接方式^[33]

Figure 3. Four ways of metal-composite materials connection

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图 4 内衬式碳纤维缸筒

Figure 4. Carbon fiber cylinder with liner

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图 5 各单位开发的活塞杆

Figure 5. Piston rod developed by different groups

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图 6 四种常用的碳纤维成型工艺示意图

Figure 6. Four kinds of molding process of carbon fiber hydraulic cylinder

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图 7 碳纤维液压缸密封与润滑技术

Figure 7. Sealing and lubrication technology of carbon fiber hydraulic cylinder

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表 1 派克缸筒材料与金属的特性对比

Table 1. Characteristics comparison between Parker cylinder material and metal

Characteristic	Parker composite	Aluminium alloys	Standard steel
Density/(g·cm⁻³)	1.6	2.8	7.85
Fatigue performance	***	*	**
Corrosion resistance	√√√	√√	√
Note: * and √—Approximate values, which stands for the average fatigue performance of Al alloys and the average corrosion resistance of steel, respectively.

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表 2 第一代碳纤维复合材料液压缸参数

Table 2. Parameter of the first generation carbon fiber composite hydraulic cylinder

Parameter	Value
Pressure P/MPa	25
Maximum pressure P_max/MPa	35
Inner diameter of tube d₁/mm	50
Stroke S/mm	500
Diameter of piston rod d₂/mm	28

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表 3 碳纤维复合材料液压缸参数表

Table 3. Parameter of the third generation carbon fiber compo-site hydraulic cylinder

Parameter	Value
Pressure P/MPa	21
Diameter of piston d₁/mm	25
Diameter of piston rod d/mm	15
Stroke S/mm	57
Mass m/kg	0.89
Output force F/N	10 500

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