Research progress in the enhanced polymer airtightness of graphene
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摘要: 石墨烯被认为是一种极具前景的气体阻隔填料，完整的单层石墨烯可以阻挡绝大多数气体小分子通过其表面，因此石墨烯被广泛用作提高聚合物气密性的填料。本论文综述了近几年石墨烯及其衍生物增强聚合物气密性的研究进展，介绍了石墨烯的特征以及其在聚合物基体中起到的阻隔机制，根据小分子渗透理论模型来讨论影响层状石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料阻隔性的主要因素；重点分类介绍了石墨烯及其衍生物增强不同聚合物气密性的方法，并分析了这些方法对聚合物气密性的提高效果。最后，对石墨烯及其衍生物增强聚合物气密性的研究进行了总结并展望了未来的发展方向。Abstract: Graphene is considered to be a promising gas barrier filler, complete monolayer graphene blocks the vast majority of small gaseous molecules through its surface, so graphene is widely used as a filler to improve the gas density of the polymer. The research progress of graphene and its derivatives enhancing polymer airtightness in recent years is reviewed. The characteristics of graphene and its barrier mechanism in polymer matrix are introduced, the main factors affecting the barrier of layered graphene/polymer nanocomposite are discussed. The methods of enhancement of graphene and the derivatives of different polymer gas density are analyzed. Finally, the research of graphene and its derivatives enhancing polymer airtightness is summarized and the future development direction is prospected.
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Key words:
- graphene /
- polymer /
- airtightness /
- nanocomposites /
- research progress
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图 1 石墨烯在聚合物基体中的气体阻隔原理图： (a)气体分子通过聚合物的渗透路径；(b)气体分子通过石墨烯/聚合物复合材料的渗透路径
Figure 1. Gas barrier schematic diagram of graphene in a polymer matrix： (a) Penetration path of gas molecules through the polymer; (b) Penetration path of gas molecules through graphene/polymer composites
图 2 GO/聚乳酸（GO/PLA）复合材料的O2渗透性的变化图以及渗透路径图：(a)淬火和退火处理不同GO/PLA复合膜的O2渗透系数曲线[24]；(b)在PLA中分别加入淀粉和淀粉包裹GO的O2渗透性随着其添加量的变化图[26]；(c) O2通过PLA/淀粉的相对简单路径和通过PLA/GO@淀粉的曲折路径的示意图[26]
Figure 2. Change diagram of O2 permeability and penetration path diagram of GO/polylactic acid (GO/PLA) composite: (a) O2 permeability coefficient curve of different GO/PLA composite films treated by quenching and annealing[24]; (b) O2 permeability of starch and starch wrapped GO in PLA with its amount[26]; (c) Schematic diagram of O2 relative simple path through PLA/starch and a tortuous path through PLA/GO@starch[26]
PO2—O2 permeability coefficient of the material
图 3 十八胺改性氧化石墨烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（mGO-ODA/MAPP）复合材料的气体渗透性随着mGO-ODA含量变化图: (a) mGO-ODA/MAPP的H2GTR和渗透系数随着mGO-ODA含量变化图；(b) mGO-ODA/MAPP的O2GTR和渗透系数随着mGO-ODA含量变化图[34]
Figure 3. Gas permeability of octadectamine-modified GO/maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (mGO-ODA/MAPP) composite changes with mGO-ODA content: (a) H2GTR and permeability coefficient of mGO-ODA/MAPP change with mGO-ODA content; (b) O2GTR and permeability coefficient of mGO-ODA/MAPP change with mGO-ODA content[34]
PH2—H2 permeability coefficient of the material; GTR—Gas transmission rates
图 4 吡啶功能化还原氧化石墨烯/聚酰亚胺（ Py-rGO/PI）纳米复合材料的O2渗透性随着rGO含量的变化图: (a) Py-rGO/PI纳米复合材料的O2渗透系数随着rGO含量的变化图；(b) Py-rGO/PI纳米复合材料的O2扩散系数随着rGO含量的变化图；(c) Py-rGO/PI纳米复合材料的O2溶解度系数随着rGO含量的变化图[46]
Figure 4. O2 permeability of pyridine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide/polyimide (Py-rGO/PI) nanocomposites changes with rGO content: (a) Changes of O2 perfiltration coefficient of Py-rGO/PI nanocomposites; (b) Changes of O2 diffusion coefficient of Py-rGO/PI nanocomposites; (c) Change of O2 solubility of Py-rGO/PI nanocomposites[46]
P/PPI—Permeability coefficient of the Py-rGO/PI composite; D/DPI—Diffusivity coefficient of the Py-rGO/PI composite; S/SPI—Solubility coefficient of the Py-rGO/PI composite
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