生物质基复合材料及其铀吸附应用的研究进展

张云秀; 曹明慧; 郑少笛; 江元平

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210625.002

生物质基复合材料及其铀吸附应用的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210625.002

东华理工大学　江西省聚合物微纳制造与器件重点实验室，南昌 330013

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(22005047)；东华理工大学博士科研启动基金(DHBK2019122)；江西省聚合物微纳制造与器件重点实验室开放基金(PMND201908)

详细信息

通讯作者:
江元平，博士，讲师，研究方向为高分子材料功能化与高性能化　E-mail：jypjiang@ecut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-01
- 修回日期: 2021-06-15
- 录用日期: 2021-06-19
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-25
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-15

Recent advances in uranium adsorption by biomass based composite

Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China

摘要

摘要: 在核能的开发利用中会产生大量放射性含铀废水，给生态安全和人类健康带来巨大威胁。与此同时，随着陆地铀的逐渐消耗，为保证长期充足的核燃料供应，开采海水铀势在必行。近年来，吸附法在废水铀治理及海水铀利用中备受关注。以环境友好、储量丰富、成本低廉的生物质材料加工制备性能优异、附加值高的吸附材料，是铀吸附的绿色、经济、可持续的发展策略。本文系统综述了生物质基复合材料在铀吸附应用领域的最新研究成果，详细介绍了铀吸附性能和铀吸附机制，最后对其应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。
- 生物质 /
- 复合材料 /
- 铀 /
- 吸附 /
- 机制 /
- 核能
Abstract: With the development of nuclear energy, a large amount of uranium-containing radioactive wastewater has been produced, posing a great threat to ecological safety and human health. At the same time, with the gradual depletion of terrestrial uranium, it is imperative to exploit uranium from seawater to ensure long-term sufficient supply of nuclear fuel. In recent years, the adsorption method has attracted increasing attention in the treatment of uranium-contaminated wastewater and the extraction of uranium from seawater. And it is a green, economical and sustainable development strategy for uranium adsorption to prepare high value-added biomass-based materials with excellent performance based on its eco-friendliness, abundant reserves and low cost. This review focuses on the main progress of biomass-based uranium adsorption composite materials, covering its adsorption performance and adsorption mechanism. Finally, the future prospects and research direction are proposed for better biomass-based adsorbents.
- biomass /
- composite materials /
- uranium /
- adsorption /
- mechanism /
- nuclear energy

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图 1 生物质与不同类型的材料复合制备铀吸附材料

Figure 1. Biomass-based uranium absorption material composited with different types of materials

ZIFs—Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks; AO—Amidoxime; MOFs—Metal organic framework; GO—Graphene oxide; β-CD—β-Cyclodextrin

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图 2 (a) 聚丙烯酸/聚乙烯亚胺(PAA/PEI)复合丝瓜络吸附剂的合成示意图^[34]；(b) 磷酸化壳聚糖/纤维素复合材料(CSP-CMCP)的合成示意图^[37]

Figure 2. (a) Synthesis of polyacrylic acid/polyethyleneimine (PAA/PEI) modified Luffa cylindrical^[34]; (b) Synthetic procedures of phosphorylated chitosan-phosphatedecorated carboxymethyl cellulose composite (CSP-CMCP)^[37]

CS—Chitosan; MSP—Monosodium phosphate; STMP—Trisodium trimetaphosphate; CMC—Carboxymethyl cellulose

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图 3 (a) Fe@FeO-木材复合吸附剂的制备示意图^[51]；(b)磁性羧甲基纤维素纳米复合微球(FCCP)的制备示意图^[52]

Figure 3. (a) Preparation flow chart of Fe@FeO NP-embedded porous wood for uranium adsorption^[51]; (b) Preparation of phosphate and amide functionalized magnetic composites composites (FCCP)^[52]

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图 4 (a) 氧化石墨烯@聚多巴胺/壳聚糖(GO@PDA/CS)铀吸附气凝胶的制备^[62]；(b) ZIF-67/SAP复合凝胶的制备^[66]；(c)表面铀印迹石墨氮化碳/β-环糊精(IIP-g-C₃N₄/β-CD)复合吸附剂的制备^[67]

Figure 4. (a) Pathway to fabricate the GO@Polydopamine/Chitosan (GO@PDA/CS) aerogel^[62]; (b) Fabrication process of the ZIF-67/SAP composite hydrogel^[66]; (c) Synthesis of ion-imprinted β-cyclodextrin modified graphitic carbon nitride polymer (IIP-g-C₃N₄/β-CD)^[67]

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图 5 抗生物污损三维多孔AgNPs和PDA共功能化橘皮(MACs/PDA-Ag)磁性碳复合材料的制备^[79]

Figure 5. Fabrication process of the AgNPs and PDA co-functionalized orange peel derived magnetic activated carbons (MACs@PDA-Ag)^[79]

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表 1 单一生物质铀吸附材料及性能对比

Table 1. Uranium adsorption abilities of pure biomass materials

Category	Material	Condition			Maximum adsorption capacity/(mg·g⁻¹)	Ref.
Category	Material	C₀/(mg·L⁻¹)	pH (best)	s/l/(g·L⁻¹)	Maximum adsorption capacity/(mg·g⁻¹)	Ref.
Microbial	Formaldehyde-treated Fusarium (fungus)	20-400	4.0	0.6	318.04	[11]
	Amidoximated Aspergillus niger (fungus)	0.2-0.8	5.0	0.05-0.35	621	[12]
	Yeast (fungus)	10-350	5.0	0.06-1.20	341.2	[13]
	Bacillus subtilis (bacteria)	10-350	5.0	0.06-1.20	512.5	[13]
	Chlorella (algae)	10-350	5.0	0.06-1.20	356.5	[13]
Nature polymer	Ultrafine cellulose nanofibers	100	6.5	0.3	167	[15]
	Amine-impregnated cellulose	25-350	0.1-3	2.5	56.5	[16]
	Chitosan beads	100-2 000	5.0	1.0	236.9	[17]
	Chitosan films	10~100	5.0	0.5	197.74	[18]
Agroforestry waste	Amidoximated wool fibers	80-1530	5.0	-	78.19	[25]
	Coir pith	200-800	4.5	0.025-0.2	218.3	[26]
	Garlic dregs	20-100	6.0	5.0	38.0	[27]
	Sunflower straw	10-800	5.0	2.0	251.52	[28]
	Grapefruit peel	50-500	5.0	2.0	140.79	[29]
Notes: C₀—Uranium concentration；s/l—Solid/liquid.

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表 2 不同体系生物质基复合材料的铀吸附性能

Table 2. Uranium adsorption properties of biomass based composites in different systems

Category	Material	Condition			Maximum adsorption capacity/(mg·g⁻¹)	Ref.
Category	Material	C₀/(mg·L⁻¹)	pH (best)	s/l/(g·L⁻¹)	Maximum adsorption capacity/(mg·g⁻¹)	Ref.
Organics composite	Cellulose/camphor soot	50-250	6.0	0.2-1.0	410	[30]
	Polyvinylpyrroldone/chitosan	0.3-300	5.0-8.0	1.0	167	[31]
	Hydroxyethyl cellulose/sodium alginate	5-150	5.0	0.5	357.1	[32]
	Acrylic acid/polyethyleneimine modified Luffa cylindrical	50-350	6.0	0.4	444.4	[34]
	Chlorella pyrenoidosa/chitosan	10-800	4.0-5.0	0.5	571	[35]
	Polyethylenimine/guanidyl functionalized Hemp fibers	5-400	7.0	0.4	414.93	[36]
	Phosphorylated chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose	0.08	5.5-8.5	0.05	977.54	[37]
	Poly(amidoxime)/chitosan	2-8	6.0	5.0	1013	[22]
	Poly(amidoxime)/cellulose	2-16	6.0	5.0	465	[38]
	Spidroin/super uranyl-binding protein	2-16	6.0	20	12.33 (Natural seawater)	[39]
	Dual-superb-uranyl binding protein	2-16	5.0	20	17.45 (Natural seawater)	[40]
Magnetic composite	Nano-Fe₃O₄/aspergillus niger	2-10	7.0	0.15	60.05	[41]
	Polyethyleneimine/magnetic yeast	5-40	6.0	0.2	173.99	[42]
	Nano-Fe₃O₄/pseudomonas aeruginosa	30	6.0	1.4	92.483	[43]
	Diethylenetriamine-magnetic chitosan	10-80	3.5	0.2	62.75	[44]
	Tripolyphosphate-linked magnetic chitosan	80	4.5	0.4	166.7	[45]
	Magnetic chitosan	100	5.0	0.4	178	[46]
	Ion-imprinted magnetic chitosan	80	5.0	0.2-1.0	187.26	[47]
	Magnetic chitosan	40-140	5.0	0.6	161.3	[48]
	Amidoxime-magnetic chitosan	10-600	6.0	1.0	117.65	[49]
	Amidoxime-magnetic chitosan	5-350	4.0	0.1-0.25	405	[50]
	Fe@FeO/wood	100-600	4.0	-	2.08 g UO₂²⁺/g Fe@FeO	[51]
	Magnetic carboxymethylcellulose	25-550	8.0	0.5	625	[52]
	Fe⁰@Ni⁰/collagen	20-260	5.0-6.0	0.2-1.0	129.5	[56]
	Fe⁰/carboxymethyl-cellulose	20-100	5.0	3.0	322.58	[57]
Novel-nanomaterials	Carboxymethyl-cellulose/carbon nanotubes	54	5.0	0.1-1.0	127	[58]
	Chitosan/graphene oxide	2-100	5.0	0.05-0.40	227.3	[60]
	Konjac glucomannan/graphene oxide	90	5.0	0.25	513.4	[61]
	Polydopamine-grapheneoxide/chitosan	10-220	5.5-7.0	0.3	415.9	[62]
	Phosphorylated-graphene oxide/chitosan	13.5	5.5-6.5	0.05	779.44	[63]
	Chitosan/graphite felt electrode	1000	-	-	1523	[64]
	Chitosan@graphene oxide/ZIF	50	8.0	0.2	361.01	[65]
	Polyethyleneimine@sodium alginate/ZIF-67	10-100	8.0	0.3	480.87	[66]
	β-Cyclodextrin/g-C₃N₄	50-800	7.0-8.0	0.5	855.96	[67]
	Fungal hyphae/graphene/MoS₂	90	6.0	0.16	275	[68]
	Bacterial cellulose/ MoS_2-x	8-100	5.0	0.5	342	[69]
Biochar composite	Salophe/luffa-biochar	3-2000	5.5	0.33	833	[76]
	Amidoxime/starch-biochar	5-130	5.0	0.1	724.6	[77]
	Fe/dopamine-biochar	20	6.0-8.0	-	232.54	[78]
	Magnetic activated carbon/poly-dopamine/Ag	50-500	8.0	0.5	657.89	[79]

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