Research progress in synthesis and catalytic application of carbon/metal oxide composites
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摘要: 碳材料和金属氧化物为常用的多相催化剂载体，其中碳材料具有巨大的比表面积、良好的吸附性能，但力学性能较差。金属氧化物载体则具有较高的机械强度和热稳定性，但常常会与活性金属作用太强使其催化活性降低。碳/金属氧化物复合材料作为一类新型材料受到了科学家的广泛关注，由于碳与金属氧化物(如氧化钛、氧化铝等)之间的协同作用，该复合材料表现出不同于单一组分的独特物理化学性质，重点综述了该类复合材料的制备方法及其在催化领域近年来的研究进展。Abstract: Carbon materials and metal oxides are commonly used heterogeneous catalyst supports. Among them, carbon materials have large specific surface area and good adsorption performance, but have poor mechanical properties. Metal oxide supports have good mechanical and thermal stability, but they usually have a strong interaction with active metals leading to lower catalytic activity. As a new type of material, carbon/metal oxide composites have attracted extensive attention from scientists. Because of the synergistic effect between carbon and metal oxides (such as titania, alumina, etc.), the composites exhibit unique physical and chemical properties different from a single component. In this review, the preparation methods of the composites and the research progress in the field of catalysis in recent years were summarized.
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Key words:
- carbon/metal oxide composites /
- synthesis /
- synergistic effect /
- catalysis /
- carbon materials /
- application
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图 4 在−0.4 V、O2饱和的0.1 mol/L KOH中加入 (a) 、不加入 (b) 甲醇(1.0 mol/L)时Fe3O4/N-C-900和Pt/C的电流-时间(I-t)图[51]
Figure 4. Current-time (I–t) plots of Fe3O4/N-C-900 and Pt/C at −0.4 V in O2-saturated 0.1 mol/L KOH with (a) and without (b) the addition of methanol (1.0 mol/L)[51]
Fe3O4/N-C-900—Pyrolyzed Fe3O4/N-C at 900℃
表 1 N, N-二甲基胺-N′, N′-二甲氨基甲酸盐(DIMCARB)与CO2/H2合成N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)a的反应结果[38]
Table 1. Results for N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF)a synthesis from N, N-dimethylamine-N ', N '-dimethyl carbamate (DIMCARB) and CO2/H2[38]
Entry Ligand/10% Yied/%b Content/% DMF N(CH3)3 1 None 93.7 41.8 58.2 2 Et3N 90.0 30.3 69.7 3 PhNMe2 89.4 30.3 69.7 4 Py 99.0 44.0 56.0 5 Bipy 91.3 43.6 56.4 6 TMEDA 98.2 52.6 47.4 7 DMEDA 92.1 77.9 22.1 8 1,10-Phenanthro-line 89.7 86.7 13.3 9c 1,10-Phenanthro-line 93.0 78.4 21.6 10d 1,10-Phenanthro-line 98.3 92.0 8.0 11e 1,10-Phenanthro-line 95.0 97.3 2.7 12f 1,10-Phenanthro-line 89.6 97.3 2.7 Notes: a—DIMCARB (0.5 mmol, equal to 1 mmol HNMe2), CuAlOx (100 mg, 9 mmol% Cu), ligand (10 mol%), 1, 2-Dimethoxyethane (4 mL), 3 MPa CO2, 7 MPa H2, 160 °C, 24 h;
b—Combined yield of DMF and N(CH3)3 were determined by GC-FID using 1, 4-dioxane as the internal standard material;
c—1, 10-Phen (5 mol%);
d—1, 10-Phen (20 mol%);
e—1, 10-Phen (30 mol%);
f—Catalyst was reused at the third run; Bipy—2, 2′-bipyridine; Py—pyridine; TMEDA—N, N, N′, N′-Tetramethylethyleneediamine; DMEDA—N, N′-di- methylethylenediamine.
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表 2 NiZG-70 NCs与已有文献对MB的光降解效果的对比
Table 2. Comparison of photodegradation of MB by NiZG-70 NCs and some previous literatures
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