Preparation and UV-blocking performance of lignin-cellulose nanofiber composite film
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摘要: 由于臭氧层的破坏及塑料污染，研发具有紫外光屏蔽性能的纤维素基薄膜材料引起广泛重视。为实现紫外光屏蔽剂-木质素与纤维素均匀分散，提出了一种利用高压均质法来实现木质素颗粒及羧甲基化纤维均匀混合的方法，随后结合真空抽滤、热压干燥等工艺制得复合薄膜材料。实验中，对木质素-纳米纤维素(Lignin-CNF，L-CNF)复合膜的微观形貌及成形过程进行了深入分析，同时也研究了不同木质素添加量对复合膜透光率、紫外光屏蔽性能及表面色度值(L*a*b*值)的影响规律。结果表明，随木质素添加量的增大，复合膜在600 nm处的透光率有所降低，而在紫外光两个主要波段(UVA：320~400 nm，UVB：280~320 nm)的屏蔽效率显著增加。当木质素添加量达到12wt%时，L-CNF复合膜仍具有40%的透光率，而且在UVA及UVB波段的紫外光屏蔽效率分别达到98%和100%，紫外光屏蔽性能优异。通过合理调控木质素的添加量，L-CNF复合膜有望实现在光敏材料覆膜、食品包装材料等领域的应用价值。Abstract: Due to the current state of ozone layer depletion and plastic pollution, researches on cellulose-based films with ultraviolet (UV) blocking properties has attracted widespread attention. In order to realize the uniform dispersion of UV absorbent (lignin) and cellulose, a method of using high pressure homogenization to achieve mixing of lignin particles and carboxymethylated fibers was proposed. Then lignin-cellulose nanofiber(Lignin-CNF, L-CNF) composite film was fabricated through vacuum filtration and hot pressing process. Moreover, the micro-morphology of the L-CNF composite film was observed and the forming process was determined. At the same time, the influence of different lignin additions on the light transmittance, UV light blocking performance, and surface color value (L*a*b* value) of the composite films was investigated. The results reveal that, with the increase of lignin additions, the light transmittance of the composite films at 600 nm decreases, while the UV-blocking efficiency at the bands of UVA (320-400 nm) and UVB (280-320 nm) increase significantly. Besides, when the amount of lignin reaches 12wt%, the L-CNF composite film still maintains a light transmittance of 40%, and the UV-blocking efficiency in the UVA and UVB bands reaches 98% and 100% respectively, exhibiting an excellent UV shielding performance. Overall, the L-CNF composite film with different performances can be obtained by adjusting the ratio of lignin, which shows high potentials in photosensitive material coating and food packaging materials.
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Key words:
- lignin /
- cellulose nanofiber /
- high pressure homogenization /
- composite film /
- UV-blocking performance
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图 1 木质素-纳米纤维素(L-CNF)复合膜的制备流程图：(a)羧甲基化预处理；(b)高压均质；(c)真空抽滤-热压干燥
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the preparation of lignin-cellulose nanofiber (L-CNF) composite film: (a) Carboxymethylation pretreatment; (b) High pressure homogenization; (c) Vacuum-assisted filtration and dry treatment
图 2 CNF及L-CNF浆料的光学照片((a), (b))及AFM图像((c), (d))
Figure 2. Optical photographs ((a), (b)) and AFM images ((c), (d)) of CNF and L-CNF pulps
图 3 CNF膜的表面及横截面((a), (a’))和分别对应木质素添加量为4wt%、12wt%、25wt%、50wt%的L-CNF复合膜的表面及横截面((b), (b’))、((c), (c’))、((d), (d’))、((e), (e’)) SEM图像
Figure 3. SEM images of surface and cross-section of CNF film ((a), (a’)) and L-CNF composite film with 4wt%, 12wt%, 25wt%, 50wt% lignin additions ((b), (b’)), ((c), (c’)), ((d), (d’)), ((e), (e’))
图 4 CNF膜及L-CNF复合膜的成形过程示意图：(a) CNF膜 ；(b) L-CNF复合膜； (c) 高压均质 ；(d) 热压干燥 ；(e) 氢键作用
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the forming process of CNF film and L-CNF composite film: (a) CNF film; (b) L-CNF composite film; (c) High pressure homogenization; (d) Dry treatment; (e) Hydrogen bonding
图 5 CNF膜及L-CNF复合膜的光学照片、透光率和吸光度图谱
Figure 5. Optical photographs and light transmittance, absorbance spectra of CNF film and L-CNF composite film
图 6 不同木质素添加量的L-CNF复合膜的紫外光屏蔽性能
Figure 6. UV-blocking performance of L-CNF composite film with different lignin additions
图 7 CNF膜及L-CNF复合膜的表面色度值
Figure 7. Color parameters of CNF film and L-CNF composite film
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