纳米SiO<sub>2</sub>@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料多相界面结构与增韧机制

刘璇; 崔益华; 杨赟; 聂文骏

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210608.003

纳米SiO₂@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料多相界面结构与增韧机制

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210608.003

南京航空航天大学　材料科学与技术学院，南京 211106

详细信息

通讯作者:
崔益华，博士，教授，研究方向为植物纤维增强复合材料　E-mail：cuiyh@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-31
- 修回日期: 2021-05-13
- 录用日期: 2021-06-02
- 网络出版日期: 2021-06-08
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-01

Multi-phase interface structure and toughening mechanism for nano-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites

Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

摘要

摘要: 采用溶胶-凝胶法在黄麻纤维表面获得了纳米SiO₂(n-SiO₂)沉积层，经过模压工艺，制备了n-SiO₂沉积的黄麻纤维/聚丙烯复合材料(n-SiO₂@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料)。通过分子动力学(MD)模拟建立了n-SiO₂@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料多相界面的分子模型，结合复合材料冲击性能与断口形貌的分析，揭示了此类混杂型复合材料的多相界面结构与增韧机制。黄麻纤维经过n-SiO₂沉积处理，其增强PP复合材料的冲击韧性提高了54.87%。n-SiO₂沉积层通过与黄麻纤维之间的C—O—Si化学键作用及其与PP基体分子链之间的机械锁结作用，在黄麻纤维与PP基体之间形成了界面相，使得黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的界面结合能提高了27.22%。当复合材料发生冲击破坏时，n-SiO₂界面相将引发“银纹效应”，使得裂纹的传播方向发生倾斜或扭转，延长了裂纹的扩展路径，消耗了裂纹传播的能量，减缓了裂纹的扩展速度。此外，在冲击失效过程中，结合性能良好的多相界面不仅能够诱导PP基体产生塑性变形，吸收大量的冲击能量，而且可将部分冲击能量传递至黄麻纤维内部，使得微纤之间发生界面脱黏。由于黄麻纤维/PP基体界面结合强度小于黄麻纤维内部微纤之间的界面结合强度，因此微纤之间的界面脱黏将会消耗更多的冲击能量。
- 黄麻纤维/PP复合材料 /
- 纳米SiO₂界面相 /
- 多相界面结构 /
- 分子动力学(MD)模拟 /
- 增韧机制
Abstract: Nano-SiO₂ layer was obtained on the jute fibers by sol-gel method, and nano-SiO₂ deposited jute fiber/polypropylene composites (n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites) were prepared by molding process. The molecular model of the multi-phase interfaces for n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites was established by molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Combined with the analyses of the impact performance and fracture morphologies for n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites, the multi-phase interface structure and toughening mechanism of the compo-sites were revealed. The impact toughness of n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites is increased by 54.87% than that of the control ones. n-SiO₂ layer forms an interphase between jute fiber and PP by C—O—Si chemical bond and the mechanical interlocking of molecular chains, which enhances the interface binding energy of jute fiber/PP compo-sites by 27.22%. When the impact fracture of the composites occurs, n-SiO₂ interphase causes the crack deflection at the interface, which will absorb more fracture energy by increasing the crack propagation path and decreasing the crack propagation velocity. Additionally, the multi-phase interfaces with good bonding performance make the PP surrounding n-SiO₂ interphase undergo plastic deformation during the impact failure process, absorbing massive impact energy. Moreover, the multi-phase interfaces transfer the part of impact energy from PP to jute fibers effec-tively, causing the internal debonding of the jute fibers and thus consuming more impact energy. This is because the interface bonding strength between the fibrils in the jute fibers is stronger than that between the jute fibers and PP.
- jute fiber/PP composites /
- nano-SiO₂ interphase /
- multi-phase interface structure /
- molecular dynamics (MD) simulation /
- toughening mechanism

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图 1 羧甲基化处理前后黄麻纤维的表面分子模型

Figure 1. Molecular models of the surfaces for jute fibers before and after carboxymethyl treatment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 纳米SiO₂(n-SiO₂)沉积层的表面分子模型

Figure 2. Molecular model of the surface for nano-SiO₂(n-SiO₂) layer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 聚丙烯(PP)基体的表面分子模型

Figure 3. Molecular model of the surface for polypropylene (PP)

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图 4 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料界面的分子模型

Figure 4. Interface molecular models of jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 5 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料界面的分子浓度曲线

Figure 5. Relative concentrations of the interfaces for jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 6 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的界面结合性能

Figure 6. Interfacial binding energies of jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 7 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维的表面微观形貌

Figure 7. Surface morphologies of jute fibers before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 8 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的冲击韧性

Figure 8. Impact toughness of jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 9 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的冲击断口形貌

Figure 9. Fracture morphologies of jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 10 n-SiO₂沉积处理前后黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的冲击失效模型

Figure 10. Impact failure models of jute fiber/PP composites before and after n-SiO₂ deposition

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图 11 裂纹在n-SiO₂界面相发生偏转的示意图

Figure 11. Schematic of propagation direction of the crack at n-SiO₂ interphase

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图 12 n-SiO₂@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料的冲击断口形貌

Figure 12. Fracture morphology of n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites

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图 13 n-SiO₂@黄麻纤维/PP复合材料多相、多层次界面的冲击失效模型

Figure 13. Impact fracture model of the multi-phase and multi-layer interfaces for n-SiO₂@jute fiber/PP composites

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表 1 纤维素Iβ的晶胞参数^[14]

Table 1. Lattice parameters of cellulose Iβ^[14]

Group
Length/nm Angle/(°)
a b c α β γ

P21 0.778 0.821 1.038 90 90 96.55

下载: 导出CSV

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