Preparation and mechanical properties of nano-iron-graphene oxide/chitosan composites
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摘要: 纳米铁和氧化石墨烯(GO)修饰壳聚糖(CS)复合材料对水体中重金属的优越吸附性能，在环保领域具有良好的应用前景。然而，不同含量纳米铁和/或GO修饰CS对复合材料力学性能的影响成果却十分有限。因此，以CS为聚合物基体、GO和FeCl3·6H2O为纳米填充物，采用溶液混合蒸发法制备了不同配比的纳米铁-氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖(Fe-GO/CS)复合材料。通过FTIR、XRD、SEM、TGA和力学性能测试，研究了复合材料的结构、热稳定性和力学性能。研究结果表明，纳米铁和GO在CS基体中分散性良好，具有较强的分子相互作用力，未发生团聚及形成无定型结构的铁复合物。适量的纳米铁和GO能增强CS与填料之间的氢键作用，进而提高Fe-GO/CS复合材料的热稳定性及力学性能。力学性能测试结果显示，加入1wt%纳米铁时，对比纯CS，Fe-GO/CS复合材料的拉伸强度由27.5 MPa提高到65.4 MPa、弹性模量由925.8 MPa提高到2141.4 MPa，分别提高58%和57%，但过量的纳米铁导致复合材料的拉伸强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率及热稳定性降低。TG分析表明，1wt%纳米铁修饰利于提高Fe-GO/CS复合膜的热稳定性。Abstract: Nano-iron and graphene oxide (GO)-modified chitosan (CS) composites have the superior adsorption performance to heavy metals in water, which is environmentally friendly. The field has good application prospects. However, the effects of different contents of nano-iron and/or GO modified CS on the mechanical properties of composite materials are very limited. Therefore, CS was used as the polymer matrix, GO and FeCl3·6H2O were used as nanofillers, different ratios of nano-iron-graphene oxide/chitosan (Fe-GO/CS) composites were prepared by the solution mixing evaporation method material. By using the FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA and mechanical property testing, the structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite material were studied. The research results show that nano-iron and GO are well dispersed in the CS matrix, and there is a strong molecular interaction force, and no agglomeration and amorphous structure of iron complex is formed. An appropriate mixture of nano-iron and GO can enhance the hydrogen bonding between CS and fillers, thereby improving the thermal stability and mechanical properties of Fe-GO/CS composites. The results of mechanical properties test show that the tensile strength and elastic modulus of Fe-GO/CS composites increase from 27.5 MPa to 65.4 MPa and 925.8 MPa to 2141.4 MPa, respectively, which are 58% and 57% higher than those of pure CS. But excessive nano-iron reduces the tensile strength, elastic modulus, breaking elongation and thermal stability. TG analysis shows that 1wt% nano-iron modification is beneficial to improve the stability of Fe-GO/CS composite film.
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Key words:
- graphene oxide /
- chitosan /
- nano-iron composite material /
- mechanical properties /
- mechanical mechanism
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图 1 GO、CS、GO/CS、Fe/CS和Fe-GO/CS的FTIR图谱
Figure 1. FTIR spectra of GO, CS, GO/CS, Fe/CS and Fe-GO/CS
图 2 GO、CS、GO/CS、Fe/CS和Fe-GO/CS的XRD图谱
Figure 2. XRD patterns of GO, CS, GO/CS, Fe/CS and Fe-GO/CS
图 3 GO/CS、Fe/CS和 Fe-GO/CS复合材料的拉伸应力-应变曲线 ((a)~(c))、拉伸强度 (d) 和弹性模量 (e) 随GO、Fe含量的变化情况
Figure 3. Stress-strain curves ((a)-(c)), tensile strength (d) and Young's modulus (e) of GO/CS, Fe/CS and Fe-GO/CS composite materials change with GO and Fe content
图 4 CS (a)、1wt%GO/CS (b)、16wt%GO/CS (c)、1wt%Fe-GO/CS (d)、5wt%Fe-GO/CS (e) 和8wt%Fe-GO/CS (f) 断面的SEM图像
Figure 4. SEM images of cross-sections of CS (a), 1wt%GO/CS (b), 16wt%GO/CS (c), 1wt%Fe-GO/CS (d), 5wt%Fe-GO/CS (e) and 8wt%Fe-GO/CS (f)
表 1 氧化石墨烯(GO)/壳聚糖(CS)、纳米铁(Fe)/CS和Fe-GO/CS复合材料的命名
Table 1. Naming of graphene oxide (GO)/ chitosan (CS), nano-iron (Fe)/CS and Fe-GO/CS composite
Sample GO/wt% FeCl3/wt% CS/g 1wt%GO/CS 1 — 4 3wt%GO/CS 3 — 4 5wt%GO/CS 5 — 4 16wt%GO/CS 16 — 4 1wt%Fe/CS — 1 4 5wt%Fe/CS — 5 4 8wt%Fe-GO/CS 16 8 4 
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