CFRP筋与海水海砂混凝土粘结性能试验与机制分析

高婧; 范凌云

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210512.001

CFRP筋与海水海砂混凝土粘结性能试验与机制分析

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210512.001

高婧^,,
范凌云

厦门大学　建筑与土木工程学院，厦门 361005

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U2005216)；福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01010)

详细信息

通讯作者:
高婧，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为结构工程　E-mail：gaojing@xmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-16
- 修回日期: 2021-04-20
- 录用日期: 2021-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-12
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-01

Experiment on bond performance between CFRP bar and seawater sea sand concrete and its working mechanism

GAO Jing^,,
FAN Lingyun

School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

摘要

摘要: 通过碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)筋与海水海砂混凝土的中心及偏心拉拔试验，对比了CFRP筋在不同条件下拔出时的粘结应力及滑移值大小，得到完整的CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移曲线，同时分析了CFRP筋在混凝土中发生滑移时会产生的若干破坏模式，在此基础上对粘结-滑移曲线不同受力阶段特点进行了分析。同时，采用正交试验的方式，获得了不同因素对CFRP筋/混凝土粘结强度的影响程度。试验表明，CFRP筋/混凝土粘结力中摩擦力的占比较大，且粘结强度最主要的影响因素是混凝土的强度等级。除了传统拉拔试验中会出现的受力筋拉出破坏和混凝土劈裂破坏外，CFRP筋还会由于自身的外形、工艺及力学性能的影响，发生自身破坏。对不同破坏模式、受力筋外形的三种CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移曲线，采用多种理论表达式进行对比，最终得到不同条件下CFRP/海水海砂混凝土的粘结-滑移本构关系表达式。
- 海洋工程 /
- CFRP /
- 海水海砂 /
- 破坏模式 /
- 粘结机制 /
- 本构关系
Abstract: In order to study the bond performance between carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars and seawater sea sand concrete, the pull-out test of CFRP and seawater sea sand concrete was carried out in different conditions and the bond-slip curve was obtained. During the test, different failure modes were observed and concluded to analyze the failure mechanism between CFRP bars and seawater sea sand concrete. The influence of different factors on the bond performance was analyzed based on orthogonal experiment. The results show that the strength of concrete is the most important factor affecting the bond strength, and the friction plays a large part in the bond stress. Besides the pull-out damage and concrete splitting damage, CFRP damage exists in the test due to the production process and mechanical performance of CFRP itself. Based on the results above, three types of bond-slip constitutive relation expression of CFRP/seawater sea sand concrete were finally concluded by curve fitting and comparing.
- ocean engineering /
- CFRP /
- seawater sea sand /
- failure mode /
- bond mechanism /
- constitutive relation

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图 1 CFRP筋：(a)单缠绕；(b)双缠绕；(c)螺纹筋

Figure 1. CFRP bars: (a) Single winding type; (b) Double winding type; (c) Thread type

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图 2 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土试件构造及尺寸

Figure 2. Composition and size of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete specimens

PVC—Poly vinyl chloride

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图 3 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拉拔试验加载装置及仪器

Figure 3. Loading device and instrument of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete pull-out test

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图 4 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拉拔试验荷载变化曲线

Figure 4. Load variation curve of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete pull-out test

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图 5 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拉拔试验破坏模式

Figure 5. Failure modes in pull-out test of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

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图 6 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移界面微观扫描结果

Figure 6. Microscopic scanning results of the bond-slip interface between CFRP bars and seawater sea sand concrete

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图 7 三种不同类型CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移曲线

Figure 7. Three different types of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete bond-slip curve

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图 8 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移曲线特征段示意图

Figure 8. Characteristics section of bond-slip curve of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

τ_m—Maximum bond strength; s_m—Corresponding slip value; τ_w—Bond strength at the start of the fluctuated stage; s_w—Corresponding slip value; l_t—Distance between peak value

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图 9 四类CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结-滑移曲线示意

Figure 9. Four types of bond-slip curve of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

τ—Bond strength; τ_m—Maximum bond strength; s_m—Corresponding slip value

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图 10 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土试验数据和拟合结果对比

Figure 10. Comparison between test results and fitting results of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

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表 1 碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)/海水海砂混凝土拉拔正交试验设计

Table 1. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)/seawater sea sand concrete orthogonal test design

Group	Compressive strength	Surface type	c/d
1	C30	A	2
2	C40	B	2
3	C50	C	2
4	C50	B	4
5	C40	A	4
6	C30	C	4
7	C30	B	7
8	C40	C	7
9	C50	A	7
Notes：c/d—Thickness of concrete protective layer to the diameter of CFRP bars; A, B, C—Three types of CFRP surface which is single winding, double winding and thread.

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表 2 CFRP筋尺寸及力学性能

Table 2. Size and mechanical performance of CFRP bars

CFRP	Surface type	D/mm	E/GPa	$ {\sigma }_{\rm{t}} $/MPa
A	Single winding	10	180.0	1862.3
B	Double winding	10	166.4	1670.5
C	Thread	10	172.1	1634.0
Avg.	—	10	172.8	1722.3
Notes：D—Diameter of the CFRP bars; E—Elasticity modulus; $ {\sigma }_{\rm{t}} $—Tensile strength.

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表 3 混凝土配合比

Table 3. Proportions of concrete

Strength	Water binder ratio	Seawater/ kg	Coal ash/ kg	Cement/ kg	Sand ratio	Sea sand/ kg	Coarse aggregate/ kg	Water reducer/ kg	Total mass/ kg	Compress strength/ MPa
C30	0.521	184	70.70	282.79	0.396	756.26	1152.7	3.535	2450	37.5
C40	0.422	184	87.27	349.06	0.366	669.00	1156.3	4.363	2450	49.0
C50	0.345	184	106.56	426.24	0.344	593.70	1134.2	5.328	2450	58.9

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表 4 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拉拔试验结果

Table 4. Results of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete pull-out test

No.	Specimen number	Bond strength/MPa	Peak displace- ment/mm	Damage type
1	CFRP(A)-SSC50-c/d 7-3	12.22	—	a
2	CFRP(A)-SSC50-c/d 7-4	9.02	3.13	a
3	CFRP(A)-SSC50-c/d 7-5	6.76	8.44	c
4	CFRP(B)-SSC50-c/d 4-1	15.27	8.24	a
5	CFRP(B)-SSC50-c/d 4-3	18.31	10.91	a
6	CFRP(B)-SSC50-c/d 4-5	16.15	6.20	b
7	CFRP(C)-SSC50-c/d 2-3	12.51	2.28	a
8	CFRP(C)-SSC50-c/d 2-4	11.00	1.60	c
9	CFRP(C)-SSC50-c/d 2-6	13.76	3.87	c
10	CFRP(A)-SSC40-c/d 4-1	10.40	11.67	a
11	CFRP(A)-SSC40-c/d 4-2	14.82	18.10	a
12	CFRP(A)-SSC40-c/d 4-6	11.92	21.17	a
13	CFRP(B)-SSC40-c/d 2-4	14.03	6.18	b
14	CFRP(B)-SSC40-c/d 2-5	13.00	5.79	b
15	CFRP(B)-SSC40-c/d 2-2	13.71	7.70	b
16	CFRP(C)-SSC40-c/d 7-1	16.88	6.65	a
17	CFRP(C)-SSC40-c/d 7-2	12.72	2.82	a
18	CFRP(C)-SSC40-c/d 7-4	16.71	7.63	a
19	CFRP(A)-SSC30-c/d 2-3	8.26	3.26	b
20	CFRP(A)-SSC30-c/d 2-4	9.02	4.70	b
21	CFRP(A)-SSC30-c/d 2-6	9.67	7.92	a
22	CFRP(B)-SSC30-c/d 7-1	10.85	12.83	a
23	CFRP(B)-SSC30-c/d 7-2	9.21	14.50	a
24	CFRP(B)-SSC30-c/d 7-4	13.43	11.59	a
25	CFRP(C)-SSC30-c/d 4-2	8.82	1.98	c
26	CFRP(C)-SSC30-c/d 4-4	6.95	1.12	c
27	CFRP(C)-SSC30-c/d 4-6	9.42	1.96	c
Notes：Specimen number was selected according to the surface type-concrete strength-ratio of protective layer thickness to diameter-specimen number; SSC—Seawater sea sand concrete; a, b, c—Three types of damage mode which is pull-out failure, concrete splitting failure and CFRP failure, respectivly.

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表 5 不同因素下CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结强度值及峰值点位移

Table 5. Bond strengths and displacements at peak point of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete under different factors

Parameter	Value	Bond strength/ MPa	Displacement/ mm
Compressive strength	50	12.78	5.86
	40	13.80	9.75
	30	9.51	6.65
c/d	7	11.98	8.41
	4	12.45	7.52
	2	11.66	4.81
Surface type	A	10.23	10.55
	B	13.77	9.33
	C	12.09	3.32
Avg.	—	12.03	7.42

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表 6 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结强度影响因素正交结果方差分析

Table 6. Variance analysis of orthogonal results of influence factors of bond strength of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

Variation	S_S	d_f	M_S	F	F_0.05	F_0.01
X	90.15	2	45.07	12.97	3.55	6.01
Y	56.47	2	28.23	8.13	−	−
Z	2.84	2	1.42	0.41	−	−
Group	3.26	2	1.63	0.47	3.55	6.01
e₁	46.94	2	23.47	6.75	−	−
e₂	55.60	16	3.47	−	−	−
Total	255.25	26	−	−	−	−
Notes: X, Y, Z—Three factors of orthogonal test which is concrete strength, ratio of thickness to diameter and CFRP bar surface mode, respectivly; e₁, e₂—Model error and test error; S_S, d_f —Sum of squares and degrees of freedom of bond strength; M_S—Mean square error.

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表 7 平方和回归分析法(SSR)中不同CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土粘结强度影响因素均值及差值

Table 7. Mean and difference under different influence factors of bond strength of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete in sum of squares regression (SSR) method

Parameter	Bond strength/MPa	Difference 1	Difference 2
X₂	13.80	4.28	1.02
X₃	12.78	3.26	−
X₁	9.51	−	−
Y₂	13.77	3.54	1.69
Y₃	12.09	1.85	−
Y₁	10.23	−	−
Z₃	12.45	0.79	0.47
Z₂	11.98	0.32	−
Z₁	11.66	−	−

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表 8 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拟合结果决定系数R²

Table 8. Determination coefficient R² of fitting results of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

Model	First type	Second type	Third type
Malvar	0.991957	0.997957	0.994637
BPE	0.972730	0.972740	0.995863
CMR	0.987717	0.986910	0.974247
Continuous curve	0.968770	0.952513	0.882653
Notes: BPE—Bertero-Popov-Eligehausen; CMR—Cosenza-Man- fredi-Realfonzo.

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表 9 CFRP筋/海水海砂混凝土拟合参数

Table 9. Fitting parameters of CFRP bar/seawater sea sand concrete

Parameter	CFRP(B)-SSC30−c/d 7-4	CFRP(A)-SSC30-c/d 2-4	Parameter	CFRP(C)-SSC40-c/d 7-2
F	4.788	4.363	$ a $	0.72
G	−3.083	−2.682	$ \gamma $	0.93
k	−0.168	−1.176	$ \varphi $	0.07
			$ \omega $	1.33
			$ \rho $	−1.17
Notes：F，G，k，$ \varphi $，$ \omega $，$ \gamma $，$ \rho $—Fitting parameters; $ \alpha $—Curve correction factor.

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