Meso-scale study on damage performance of resin mineral composite material for machine tool bed based on PFC3D
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摘要: 为研究机床床身用树脂矿物复合材料在典型工况下的损伤演化过程、破坏失效形式，基于颗粒流数值模拟技术(Three-dimensional particle flow code，PFC3D)，考虑级配和随机骨料形状，建立了包含骨料、界面过渡区、树脂基质、孔隙的树脂矿物复合材料四项介质离散元模型。结合机床典型工况下的受力情况，研究了树脂矿物复合材料损伤演化过程及裂纹分布规律，并从细观角度研究了裂纹萌生、扩展、贯穿的形成机制。研究结果表明：(1) 树脂矿物复合材料损伤演化过程可以明显分为四个阶段；(2) 骨料与树脂基质的界面过渡区首先起裂，并在与加载平行且无大骨料支撑的薄弱位置出现试件的压溃现象。该项研究为树脂矿物复合材料作为机床基础件材料的损伤性能细观研究提供参考依据。Abstract: This subject mainly studies the damage evolution process and failure mode of the resin-mineral composite material used for the machine bed under typical working conditions. In this study, a four media discrete element model was established based on particle flow numerical simulation technology (Three-dimensional particle flow code, PFC3D), as well as grading and random aggregate shape. The model includes aggregate, interfacial transition zone, resin matrix and porous resin mineral composites. The failure evolution and crack distribution of resin mineral composites were studied under the typical working conditions of machine tool and the formation mechanism of crack initiation, propagation and penetration was studied from a meso-level perspective. The results show that: (1) Damage evolution of resin mineral composites can be divided into four stages. (2) Cracks appeared earlier in the interface between aggregate and resin matrix. In addition, the crushing phenomenon occurs at the weak position with parallel loading and no large aggregate support. This study provides an important reference for the study of damage properties of resin mineral composites as basic parts of machine tools.
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图 1 树脂矿物复合材料模拟级配与实验级配数据对比
Figure 1. Comparison chart of simulated gradation and experimental gradation data of resin mineral composite
图 2 径粒比和填充颗粒间距对随机刚性颗粒Clump形状的影响
Figure 2. Influence of the parameters ratio and distance on the clump shape of random rigid particles
图 4 树脂矿物复合材料各结构间接触模型示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of contact model between each structures of resin mineral composite
图 5 树脂矿物复合材料模型平衡前后模型对比
Figure 5. Comparison of models before and after balancing of resin mineral composite
图 6 树脂矿物复合材料数字化模型细观参数标定过程
Figure 6. Meso-parameter calibration process of digital model of resin-mineral composite materials
图 7 树脂矿物复合材料本构关系曲线
Figure 7. Constitutive relationship curve of resin mineral composite
图 8 树脂矿物复合材料损伤演化过程的阶段划分
Figure 8. Stage division of damage evolution process of resin mineral composite
图 9 树脂矿物复合材料三轴压缩条件下的起裂应力、损伤应力、峰值应力演化图
Figure 9. Evolution diagram of crack initiation stress damage stress and peak stress of resin mineral composite under triaxial compression
图 10 树脂矿物复合材料微裂纹空间分布规律
Figure 10. Spatial distribution of microcracks of resin mineral composite
图 11 树脂矿物复合材料微裂纹二维空间分布规律
Figure 11. Spatial distribution of microcracks in two dimensions of resin mineral composite
图 14 树脂矿物复合材料起裂位置及裂纹扩展现象
Figure 14. Crack initiation location and crack propagation phenomenon of resin mineral composite
图 16 树脂矿物复合材料数字化模型颗粒速度场变化
Figure 16. Variation of particle velocity field in digital model of resin mineral composite
图 17 树脂矿物复合材料数字化模型颗粒位移场变化
Figure 17. Variation of particle displacement field in digital model of resin mineral composite
图 18 树脂矿物复合材料规则骨料模型本构关系模拟曲线
Figure 18. Simulation curves of constitutive relationship of regular aggregate model of resin mineral composite
图 19 树脂矿物复合材料起裂应力对比
Figure 19. Crack initiation stress comparison of resin mineral composite
图 20 树脂矿物复合材料本构关系对比
Figure 20. Comparison of constitutive relation of resin mineral composite
图 21 树脂矿物复合材料损伤演化曲线对比
Figure 21. Comparison of damage evolution curves of resin mineral composite
表 1 树脂矿物复合材料骨料级配配方
Table 1. Aggregate grading formula of resin mineral composite
Particle diameter/mm 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.6 0.6-1.18 1.18-2.36 2.36-5 Content/wt% 21.3 9.9 14 21 33.8 
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表 2 随机刚性颗粒Clump填充控制参数的取值
Table 2. Random rigid particle clump filling control parameters
Number of iteration First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Ratio 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Distance 100 110 120 130 150 180
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表 3 树脂矿物复合材料内平行黏结模型细观参数标定值
Table 3. Calibration values of mesoscopic parameters of linear parallel bond model of resin mineral composite
Parameter name Calibration
valueContact elastic modulus Ec/GPa 46.08 Stiffness ratio k 1.15 Normal critical damping ratio dn 0 Tangential critical damping ratio ds 0 Coefficient of friction fc 0.15 Bond normal strength Pten/MPa 130 Bond tangential strength Pshear/MPa 130 Friction angle fa/(°) 45
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表 4 树脂矿物复合材料内接触黏结模型细观参数标值
Table 4. Calibration values of mesoscopic parameters of linear contact bond model of resin mineral composite
Parameter name Calibration
valueEffective modulus Em/GPa 55 Stiffness ratio k 5 Normal critical damping ratio dn 0 Tangential critical damping ratio ds 0 Coefficient of friction fc 0.4 Tensile strength S/MPa 24 Adhesion a/MPa 24
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表 5 树脂矿物复合材料三轴压缩数值计算结果
Table 5. Numerical calculation results of triaxial compression for resin mineral composites
Working
conditionSpecimen
typePeak stress
σp/MPaPeak strain
εp/%Tangential
modulus/GPaInitiation
stress σi/MPaDamage
stress σd/MPaσi/σp σd/σp Typical working
conditionsRegular
hexahedron83.8 0.0134 14.416 20.46 83.8 0.244 1
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