二维MXene膜的构筑及在水处理应用中的研究进展

曾广勇; 王彬; 张俊; 林清泉; 冯振华

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210330.001

二维MXene膜的构筑及在水处理应用中的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210330.001

曾广勇^1, ,,
王彬^1,,
张俊^1,,
林清泉^1,,
冯振华^{1, 2,}

1.
成都理工大学　材料与化学化工学院，成都 610059
2.
四川省地质矿产勘查开发局　成都综合岩矿测试中心，成都 610081

基金项目: 四川省科技计划项目应用基础研究(2021YJ0401)；成都理工大学教师发展科研启动基金(10912-2019KYQD-07276)

详细信息

通讯作者:
曾广勇，研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为新型膜材料的开发　E-mail：wuwu5125@163.com

中图分类号: TQ028.8
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- 文章访问数: 1979
- HTML全文浏览量: 1258
- PDF下载量: 170
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-02
- 录用日期: 2021-03-29
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-15

Construction of two-dimensional MXene membrane and its research progress of application in water treatment

ZENG Guangyong^{1
, ,},
WANG Bin^1
,,
ZHANG Jun^1
,,
LIN Qingquan^1
,,
FENG Zhenhua^{1, 2
,}

1.
College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
Chengdu Analytical & Testing Center for Mineral and Rocks, Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chengdu 610081, China

摘要

摘要: MXene是一类新型的过渡金属碳/氮化物二维层状材料，通过选择性刻蚀掉MAX相中的A原子层制备而成。由于MXene具有特殊的微观结构和优异的理化性质，可用于高性能膜分离材料的构筑，并逐渐在废水处理和海水淡化等领域展现出良好的应用前景。但MXene在实际水处理过程中还存在不小的局限性。如MXene膜在水溶液中易发生溶胀现象，膜抗污染能力弱，分离机制也尚未有统一定论。本文归纳了近年来MXene纳米片、二维MXene膜材料的制备方法，例举了MXene膜的改性路径及其在水处理应用领域的最新报道，提出了MXene膜对水中污染物的分离机制，并对其当前急需解决的问题和未来的发展方向做出展望，为基于MXene高性能膜材料的设计和应用提供参考。
- 二维MXene /
- 膜分离 /
- 构筑 /
- 水处理 /
- 研究进展
Abstract: The MXene is a group of newly emerging two-dimensional carbide/nitride layered materials, which is usually produced by selectively etching the A atomic layer from the MAX phase of the precursor. Due to its special microstructure as well as outstanding physical and chemical properties, it can be used for the construction of membranes separation material and gradually exhibits good application prospects in the fields of wastewater treatment and desalination. However, it has been limited to apply MXene in the process of actual water treatment. For example, MXene membranes are prone to swell in aqueous solution. The antifouling property of membrane should be improved and the separation mechanism of MXene membrane is not yet clear. This article summarized the preparation and modification methods of MXene nanosheets and two-dimensional MXene membrane materials as well as their latest reports of the application in water treatment. In addition, the separation mechanism of MXene membrane for pollutants from wastewater was proposed. The current urgent problems, solutions and the development of MXene membrane in the future were also prospected. This article has guiding significance for design and application of high-performance MXene based membrane material.
- two-dimensional MXene /
- membrane separation /
- construction /
- water treatment /
- research progress

HTML全文

图 1 HF刻蚀MAX相制备MXene的流程示意图^[12]

Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of HF etching MAX phase to prepare MXene^[12]

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图 2 HCl+LiF混合溶液刻蚀制备MXene电极材料的示意图^[16]

Figure 2. Schematic diagrams of MXene electrode material prepared by HCl+LiF mixed solution etching^[16]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 熔融氯化锌剥离制备MXene示意图^[24]

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of ZnCl₂ etching MAX phase to prepare MXene^[24]

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图 4 MXene/聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜渗透机制示意图(a)^[34]和MXene/α-Al₂O₃复合膜组件结构示意图(b)^[36]

Figure 4. Permeability mechanism diagram of MXene/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (a)^[34] and schematic diagram of MXene/α-Al₂O₃ composite membrane module structure (b)^[36]

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图 5 Fe(OH)₃造孔改性MXene/阳极氧化铝(AAO)膜的制备流程^[46]

Figure 5. Preparation flow chart of Fe(OH)₃ pore-forming modified MXene/anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane^[46]

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图 6 Ti₃C₂T_x/氧化石墨烯(GO)复合膜的结构组成示意图^[50]

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of structure and composition of Ti₃C₂T_x/graphene oxide (GO) composite membrane^[50]

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图 7 Al³⁺插层改性MXene膜的分离机制(a) 和外观(b)^[55]

Figure 7. Separation mechanism diagram (a) and appearance (b) of Al³⁺ intercalation modified MXene membrane^[55]

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图 8 MXene/PVDF油水分离膜(a)^[62]和MXene/聚醚砜(PES)超薄油水分离膜的构筑及测试(b)^[63]

Figure 8. MXene/PVDF oil-water separation membrane (a)^[62] and construction and testing of MXene/polyethersulfone (PES) ultra-thin oil-water separation membrane (b)^[63]

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图 9 表面改性膜在无压力驱动下的废水纯化机制^[73]

Figure 9. Schematic illustration of pressure-free water purification by surface-modified membrane^[73]

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图 10 MXene膜的层间距筛分机制示意图

Figure 10. Separation mechanism of MXene-based membrane by sieving effect of adjacent layer

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图 11 MXene材料的吸附分离机制示意图: (a)含氧官能团提供吸附位点^[75]; (b)与染料和离子间的电荷相互作用^[76]

Figure 11. Separation mechanism of MXene-based materials by adsorption: (a) Adsorption sites provided by oxygen-containing functional groups^[75]; (b) Electrostatic interactions between dyes/ions and MXene^[76]

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