Interfacial debonding failure of CFRP-strengthened steel structures
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摘要: II型界面破坏是碳纤维增强树脂复合材料(CFRP)加固钢板常见的破坏方式之一。为揭示CFRP加固钢板粘结界面破坏的力学机制，开展了单剪试验和双剪试验分别研究了CFRP-钢板界面力学性能及破坏过程，并采用数字图像相关技术(DIC)对CFRP的轴向应变分布进行监测。对比两个试验的破坏模式发现，双剪试件的粘结界面主要发生II型破坏，界面破坏的主要力学原因是剪应力；而存在偏心加载的单剪试件，粘结界面上的剪应力和偏心加载引起的弯矩共同作用，使粘结界面发生I/II型混合模式失效。在II型破坏模式下，不同粘结长度的极限荷载及粘结滑移值随着粘结长度的增大而增大，但当粘结长度超过有效粘结长度后，极限荷载及极限滑移值基本保持不变。而在所讨论的偏心加载引起的界面I/II型混合破坏模式下，不同粘结长度的极限荷载基本不变。基于试验数据得到的双线性粘结-滑移关系建立了有限元模型，对CFRP加固钢板的II型界面粘结破坏行为进行分析，数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。Abstract: Mode II debonding is one of the most typical failure modes on carbon fiber reinforce polymer (CFRP) plate-to-steel interface. In order to elucidate the interfacial debonding mechanism of CFRP-strengthened steel structures, single- and double-lap shear tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical behavior and debonding failure process at the FRP-to-steel plate interface. The technique of digital image correlation (DIC) was applied to measure the normal strain distribution on the surface of CFRP. Comparing the failure modes between these two joints, it can be found that a mode II fracture occurs on the interface of double-lap joint, which is caused by shear stresses. While the interface of single-lap joint subjected to eccentric loading is governed by mixed-mode I/II behavior, with the failure attributed to the combination of shear stress and bending moment. Additionally, the ultimate load and bond slip of the double-lap joints in mode II increase with the increment of bond length until an effective bond length is reached, beyond which the ultimate load remains unchanged. However, for single-lap joints subjected to eccentric loading, the ultimate loads with different bond lengths are almost the same. Based on bilinear bond-slip law obtained from experiment results, finite element model can be established to analysis the mode II interfacial debonding process of CFRP-strengthened steel structures, which shows an excellent agreement with the experimental results.
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图 4 CFRP加固钢板双剪试件界面破坏模式
Figure 4. Interfacial failure modes of double-lap joint specimen of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
图 5 通过偏心拉伸实现的CFRP加固钢板单剪搭接接头
Figure 5. Single-lap joint of CFRP-strengthened steel plate subjected to eccentric loading
M—Bending moment
图 6 CFRP加固钢板单剪试件破坏过程
Figure 6. Failure process of single-lap joint of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
图 7 CFRP加固钢板单剪试件胶层/CFRP界面脱粘
Figure 7. Adhesion failure at adhesive/CFRP interface of single-lap joint of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
图 8 CFRP加固钢板双剪试件的荷载-位移曲线
Figure 8. Load-displacement curves of double-lap joints of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
图 9 CFRP加固钢板单剪试件的荷载-位移曲线
Figure 9. Load-displacement curves of single-lap joints of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
图 10 C-S-150-1试件的荷载-位移曲线及不同加载时刻CFRP轴向应变云图
Figure 10. Load-displacement curve and axial strain contours in CFRP of specimen C-S-150-1
图 11 C-S-200-1试件的荷载-位移曲线及不同加载时刻CFRP轴向应变云图
Figure 11. Load-displacement curve and axial strain contours in CFRP of specimen C-S-200-1
图 12 C-S-250-1试件的荷载-位移曲线及不同加载时刻CFRP轴向应变云图
Figure 12. Load-displacement curve and axial strain contours in CFRP of specimen C-S-250-1
图 13 C-S-150-1试件的CFRP轴向应变分布曲线
Figure 13. Axial strain distribution curves in CFRP of specimen C-S-150-1
图 14 C-S-200-1试件的CFRP轴向应变分布曲线
Figure 14. Axial strain distribution curves in CFRP of specimen C-S-200-1
图 15 C-S-250-1试件的CFRP轴向应变分布曲线
Figure 15. Axial strain distribution curves in CFRP of specimen C-S-250-1
图 16 C-S-150-1试件的荷载-滑移曲线和界面剪应力分布曲线
Figure 16. Load-slip curve and interfacial shear stress distribution curves of specimen C-S-150-1
图 17 C-S-200-1试件的荷载-滑移曲线和界面剪应力分布曲线
Figure 17. Load-slip curve and interfacial shear stress distribution curves of specimen C-S-200-1
图 18 C-S-250-1试件荷载-滑移曲线和界面剪应力分布曲线
Figure 18. Load-slip curve and interfacial shear stress distribution curves of specimen C-S-250-1
图 19 CFRP加固钢板粘结-滑移曲线
Figure 19. Bond-slip curves of CFRP-strengthened steel plate
τmax−Peak shear stress; δ1−Corresponding slip to peak shear stress; δf−Ultimate slip
图 22 C-S-150-1试件荷载-滑移曲线对比
Figure 22. Comparison of load-slip curves of specimen C-S-150-1
图 23 C-S-150-1试件界面剪应力分布对比
Figure 23. Comparison of interfacial shear stress distribution of specimen C-S-150-1
表 1 材料力学性能
Table 1. Material properties
Material Young’s modulus/GPa Tension strength/MPa Shear strength/MPa Yield strength/MPa Poisson’s ratio Elongation/% Q235 206 400 − 235 0.3 29.4 CFRP 150 1 230 − − 0.28 1.6 Adhesive 3.2 30 17 − 0.35 1.32 Note: CFRP—Carbon fiber reinforce polymer. 
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表 2 不同粘结长度CFRP加固钢板双剪试件的极限载荷及失效模式
Table 2. Ultimate load and failure modes of double-lap joint specimens of CFRP-strengthened steel plate with different bond lengths
Specimen Measured
adhesive thickness/mmBond
length/mmLength of
steel plate/mmUltimate
load/kNFailure
modeC-S-80-1 1.01 80 200 45.76 C+D C-S-80-2 0.99 80 200 45.32 C+D C-S-80-3 0.92 80 200 44.73 C+D C-S-80-4 0.91 80 200 45.12 C+D C-S-120-1 1.02 120 250 47.55 C+D+E C-S-120-2 1.03 120 250 47.87 C+D C-S-120-3 0.93 120 250 46.92 C+D C-S-120-4 0.90 120 250 47.38 C+D C-S-150-1 1.03 150 300 50.74 C+D C-S-150-2 1.02 150 300 51.42 C+D C-S-150-3 0.93 150 300 50.39 C+D C-S-150-4 0.96 150 300 50.79 C+D C-S-200-1 0.97 200 350 51.23 C+D C-S-200-2 1.09 200 350 52.21 C+D C-S-200-3 1.10 200 350 51.07 C+D C-S-200-4 0.97 200 350 51.78 C+D C-S-250-1 0.99 250 350 51.92 C+D C-S-250-2 1.03 250 350 51.08 C+D C-S-250-3 0.98 250 350 52.03 C+D C-S-250-4 0.96 250 350 51.01 C+D Notes: C—Cohesion failure in adhesive; D—Adhesion failure at adhesive/CFRP interface; E—Adhesion failure at adhesive/steel interface; C-S—CFRP-steel.
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表 3 不同粘结长度CFRP加固钢板双剪试件的粘结-滑移本构参数
Table 3. Parameters in bond-slip law for double-lap joint specimens of CFRP-strengthened steel plate with different bond lengths
Specimen ${\tau _{{\rm{max}}}}$/MPa ${\delta _1}$/mm ${\delta _{\rm{f}}}$/mm ${G_{\rm{f}}}$/(N·mm−1) ${l_{\rm{e}}}$/mm C-S-150-1 14.6 0.065 0.178 1.299 78.56 C-S-150-2 14.1 0.067 0.184 1.297 81.23 C-S-150-3 13.7 0.063 0.177 1.212 80.52 C-S-150-4 13.4 0.061 0.174 1.165 80.52 C-S-200-1 14.5 0.062 0.174 1.261 77.61 C-S-200-2 14.0 0.068 0.183 1.281 81.58 C-S-200-3 13.6 0.059 0.170 1.156 78.87 C-S-200-4 13.7 0.060 0.169 1.157 78.64 C-S-250-1 14.2 0.070 0.182 1.789 81.27 C-S-250-2 14.3 0.069 0.184 1.823 81.07 C-S-250-3 13.6 0.043 0.165 1.124 74.38 C-S-250-4 13.7 0.093 0.154 1.054 83.15 Notes: Gf—Fracture energy; le—Effective bond length.
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