Low-velocity impact performance of grid-honeycomb hybrid core sandwich structure
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摘要: 针对传统复合材料夹芯结构抗冲击性能差的缺陷，提出一种格栅-蜂窝混式芯体，并对其低速冲击性能进行了研究。采用半球头式落锤冲击实验平台对碳纤维铝蜂窝夹芯结构的低速冲击响应进行研究；其次基于蜂窝非线性本构与完美界面假设，建立了碳纤维铝蜂窝夹芯板低速冲击仿真模型，实验与仿真结果吻合良好；最后对不同冲击位置和冲击角度下格栅-蜂窝混式芯体夹芯板的破坏模态及力学响应进行研究。结果表明：不同冲击位置及不同角度冲击下结构损伤模态及吸能模式存在巨大差异；格栅-蜂窝混式芯体可以显著提高结构的抗低速冲击性能，对于冲击损伤具有良好的限制作用。Abstract: A grid-honeycomb hybrid core was proposed and investigated to address the disadvantage of poor impact resistance of traditional composite sandwich structures. The impact test system of hemisphere-head drop hammer was used to study the low-speed impact response of the carbon fiber aluminum honeycomb sandwich structure. Based on the nonlinear constitutive and perfect interface assumption, the low-speed impact simulation model of the carbon fiber aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel was established and investigated. Research shows that the experimental and simulation results are in good agreement. Finally, the failure mode and mechanical response of grid-reinforced honeycomb hybrid core sandwich panels under different impact positions and impact angles were studied. The results show that there are huge differences in structural damage modes and energy absorption modes under different impact positions and different impact angles. The grid-honeycomb hybrid core can significantly improve the low-speed impact resistance of the structure, and has a good limiting effect on impact damage.
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图 1 蜂窝铝、细观蜂窝及等效蜂窝压缩应力-应变曲线
Figure 1. Compressive stress-strain curves of aluminum honeycomb and meso honeycomb model and equivalent honeycomb model
图 2 复合材料蜂窝夹芯板低速冲击试件
Figure 2. Low-speed impact test piece of composite honeycomb sandwich panel
图 4 10 J冲击能量下复合材料蜂窝夹芯板仿真与实验力学响应对比
Figure 4. Comparison of mechanical response between simulation and experiment of composite honeycomb sandwich panel under 10 J impact energy
图 5 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板单肋板中心处30°低速冲击示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of 30° low-velocity impact at the center of a single rib of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 6 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板纵横肋板交点处不同角度低速冲击损伤形貌
Figure 6. Low-velocity impact damage morphologies of different angles at the intersection of longitudinal and longitudinal ribs of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 7 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板纵横肋板交点处不同角度低速冲击接触力时程曲线
Figure 7. Time-load curves of low-speed impact under different angles at the intersection of longitudinal and transversal ribs of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 8 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板纵横肋板交点处不同角度低速冲击吸能量
Figure 8. Energy absorption under different angles at the intersection of longitudinal and longitudinal ribs of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 9 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板单肋板中心处不同角度低速冲击损伤形貌
Figure 9. Low-velocity impact damage morphologies of different angles at the center of single rib of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 10 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板单肋板中心处不同角度低速冲击接触力时程曲线
Figure 10. Time-load curves of low-speed impact under different angles at the center of single rib of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 11 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板单肋板中心处不同角度低速冲击吸能量
Figure 11. Energy absorption under different angles at the center of single rib of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 12 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板胞元中心处不同角度低速冲击损伤形貌
Figure 12. Low-velocity impact damage morphologies of different angles at the cell center of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 13 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板胞元中心处不同角度低速冲击接触力时程曲线
Figure 13. Time-load curves of low-speed impact under different angles at the cell center of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
图 14 格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板胞元中心处不同角度低速冲击吸能量
Figure 14. Energy absorption under different angles at the cell center of grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
表 1 碳纤维单向布材料属性
Table 1. Carbon fiber single layer material parameters
ρ/(kg·m−3) E11/GPa E22=E33/GPa ν12,ν13 ν23 G12=G13/GPa 1560 108 8 0.32 0.3 4 G23/GPa Xt/GPa Xc/GPa Yt/MPa Yc/GPa S12=S23=S13/MPa 3 2.1 0.72 25 0.12 40 Notes: ρ—Density; E1, E2, E3—Young’s moduli; ν12,ν23,ν13 —Possion’s ratios; G12, G23, G13—Shear moduli; Xt, Yt—Tensile strength; Xc, Yc—Compression strength; S12, S23, S13—Shear strength. 
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表 2 铝蜂窝等效模型参数
Table 2. Equivalent cellular model parameters of aluminum honeycomb
Symbol Property Value ρ/(kg·m−3) Nominal density 62 Eaau/MPa W direction elastic modulus 8.2 Ebbu/MPa L direction elastic modulus 8.2 Eccu/GPa T direction elastic modulus 0.39 Gabu/MPa W-L direction shear modulus 2.83 Gbcu/MPa L-T direction shear modulus 15.6 Gcau/GPa L-W direction shear modulus 0.31 TSEF Tensile strain at element failure 0.3 SSEF Shear strain at element failure 0.3 VF Densification relative volume 0.15 MU Material viscosity coefficient 0.05
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表 3 铝格栅材料参数
Table 3. Aluminum grid material parameters
Symbol Property Value ρ/(kg·m−3) Density 2710 E/GPa Elastic modulus 69 ν Poisson’s ratio 0.33 SIGY/GPa Yield strength 0.29 ETAN/GPa Tangent modulus 0.689
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表 4 传统蜂窝夹芯板与格栅增强蜂窝夹芯板上面板末层损伤云图
Table 4. Damage cloud maps of the end layer of the honeycomb sandwich panel and grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel
Impact energy/J Impact angle/(°) Sandwich panel type Impact location Fiber tensile damage Fiber compression damage Matrix tensile damage Matrix compression damage 50 0 Honeycomb sandwich panel 
50 0 Grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel 
50 0 Grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel 
50 0 Grid reinforced honeycomb sandwich panel 
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