木塑复合材料蠕变特性及预测方法的研究进展

欧荣贤; 姚开泰; 孙理超; 刘涛; 郝笑龙; 刘珍珍; 周海洋; 王清文

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210302.005

木塑复合材料蠕变特性及预测方法的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210302.005

欧荣贤^{1, 2,},
姚开泰^1,,
孙理超^{1, 2},
刘涛^{2, 3,},
郝笑龙^{1, 2},
刘珍珍^{1, 2,},
周海洋^{1, 2,},
王清文^{1, 2, ,}

1.
华南农业大学　材料与能源学院生物基材料与能源教育部重点实验室，广州 510642
2.
岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室，广州 510642
3.
华南农业大学　食品学院，广州 510642

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(32071698；31870547；31901251)；国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD1101203)；广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202010008)；广州市创新平台建设计划项目(201905010005)；广州市“林业工程”重点学科项目

详细信息

通讯作者:
王清文，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为生物质复合材料、生物基材料、木材改性功能化　E-mail：qwwang@scau.edu.cn

中图分类号: TQ321.5
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- 文章访问数: 1242
- HTML全文浏览量: 295
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-21
- 录用日期: 2021-02-13
- 网络出版日期: 2021-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-23

State-of-the-art of the creep characteristics of wood-plastic composite and its prediction methods

OU Rongxian^{1, 2
,},
YAO Kaitai^1
,,
SUN Lichao^{1, 2},
LIU Tao^{2, 3
,},
HAO Xiaolong^{1, 2},
LIU Zhenzhen^{1, 2
,},
ZHOU Haiyang^{1, 2
,},
WANG Qingwen^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2.
Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China
3.
College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

摘要

摘要: 木塑复合材料(WPCs)已广泛应用于建筑外墙板、户外铺板、室内装饰、园林景观、汽车内饰等非承重结构材料领域，但由于线型或支链型热塑性聚合物固有的粘弹特性决定了WPCs在受到长期力载荷时易发生蠕变变形，严重影响其作为承重结构材使用。因此抗蠕变是木塑产业界面临的重大技术瓶颈，也是学术界关注的核心科学问题。为更好地了解并改善WPCs的蠕变现象，本文综述了WPCs蠕变行为的研究进展，讨论了原材料、结构和环境条件等因素对其抗蠕变性能的影响，并对WPCs抗蠕变的改进方法进行了总结和分析。WPCs长期蠕变行为测试是评价其耐久性和安全性的必要手段，但传统的长期蠕变测试方法耗时且成本高昂。通过蠕变与时间、温度和外界应力等因素存在的经验关系，可以实现蠕变的加速测试。最后讨论了玻耳兹曼叠加原理、时间-温度-应力叠加原理、分步等温度法和分步等应力法等加速测试方法在WPCs长期蠕变预测中的应用。
- 木塑复合材料 /
- 蠕变特性 /
- 长期蠕变 /
- 加速测试 /
- 预测方法
Abstract: Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) have been widely utilized in exterior cladding, decking, interior decoration, landscape architecture and automobile interior decoration, etc. WPCs will undergo creep when it is subjected to long-term external forces, which restricts its popularization and application as load-bearing structural materials. This is due to the intrinsic viscoelastic properties of linear or branched macromolecular chains ascribed to their thermodynamic movement. Therefore, increasing the creep resistance of WPCs is an international technique and academic problem needed to be attacked in both industry and academia. Towards a better understanding of creep behavior of WPCs and to improve its creep resistance, this paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the creep characteristics of WPCs. The effects of raw materials, structure, and environmental conditions on the creep resistance of WPCs were discussed. The improving methods for creep resistance of WPCs were summarized and analyzed. The long-term creep test of WPCs is a necessary means to evaluate its durability and safety, but the traditional testing methods are time-consuming and costly. Accelerated testing of creep can be realized by the empirical relationship between creep with time, temperature and external stress. Finally, the applications of Boltzmann superposition principle, time-temperature-stress superposition principle, stepped iso-thermal method and stepped iso-stress method in long-term creep prediction on WPCs were discussed.
- wood plastic composites /
- creep characteristics /
- long-term creep /
- accelerated testing /
- prediction method

HTML全文

图 1 恒应力荷载下蠕变的三个阶段

Figure 1. Three stages of creep response to a prescribed stress

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 纯高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)分子链在蠕变中发生的变化^[9]

Figure 2. Physical molecular model of high density polyethylene (HDPE) under creep^[9]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 挤出过程中形成的纤维取向^[45]

Figure 3. Fiber orientation formed during extrusion^[45]

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图 4 等离子体处理前后纤维表面形貌的对比：(a)、(b) 处理前；(c)、(d) 处理后^[60]

Figure 4. Changes of fiber surface after plasma treatment: (a), (b) Untreated; (c), (d) Treated^[60]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 乙酰化木质纤维对木塑复合材料(WPCs)抗蠕变性能的增强机制及效果^[66]

Figure 5. Mechanism and effect of acetylated wood fiber on the creep resistance of wood plastic composites (WPCs)^[66]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 多接枝共聚物的界面相互作用机制^[75]

Figure 6. Interfacial interaction mechanism of graft copolymer^[75]

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图 7 无机填料在WPCs中受剪切荷载时的形态变化: (a)高岭土；(b)滑石粉；(c)、(d)硼酸锌^[80]

Figure 7. Schematic changes of inorganic fillers during shear stress and their morphologies in WPCs systems: (a) Kaolin; (b) Talc; (c), (d) Zinc-borate^[80]

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图 8 木塑-实木共挤出示意图^[102]

Figure 8. Schematic of the wood-plastic/lumber composites fabricated by co-extrusion technology^[102]

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图 9 温度对长期蠕变行为的影响^[48]

Figure 9. Effect of temperature on the long-term creep^[48]

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图 10 分步等温度法(SIM)的曲线重构示意图^[116]

Figure 10. Curve reconstruction diagram of stepped iso-thermal method (SIM)^[116]

T_1-3—Different temperature levels; t_c—Heating time; v—Vertical shift factor; lg(a_t)—Horizontal shift factor

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图 11 分步等应力法(SSM)的曲线重构示意图^[119]

Figure 11. Curve reconstruction diagram of stepped iso-stress method (SSM)^[119]

σ_1-3—Different stress levels

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表 1 不同种类木质纤维的化学成分^[20]

Table 1. Chemical components of different kinds of wood fibers^[20]

Chemical component/%	Poplar	Radiata pine	Wheat straw	Moso bamboo
Polysaccharide	78.48±0.30	73.79±0.41	72.14±0.24	71.75±0.65
Hemicellulose	31.73±0.72	27.48±0.66	32.93±0.26	25.38±0.65
Cellulose	46.74± 0.89	46.31±1.06	40.10±0.13	46.37±0.41
Lignin	23.92±0.18	28.84±0.46	18.39±0.43	26.44±0.41
Hot water extracts	3.89±0.59	3.90±0.52	10.60±0.59	6.33±0.40
Ash	1.67±0.11	2.35±0.31	5.29±0.28	0.74±0.14

下载: 导出CSV

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