变刚度碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料薄壁圆管轴向压溃响应与破坏机制

宋涛; 余许多; 江晟达; 余木火; 樊良伟; 孙泽玉

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210126.002

变刚度碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料薄壁圆管轴向压溃响应与破坏机制

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210126.002

宋涛^{1, 2, 3,},
余许多^4,,
江晟达²,
余木火^{1, 2,},
樊良伟^5,,
孙泽玉^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
东华大学　材料学院，上海 201620
2.
东华大学　上海市轻质结构复合材料重点实验室，上海 201620
3.
东华大学　上海市高性能纤维复合材料省部共建协同创新中心，上海 201620
4.
上海华渔新材料科技有限公司，上海 201610
5.
上海汽车集团股份有限公司乘用车公司，上海 201804

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232020G-12；2232018A3-02)；上海市“科技创新行动计划”高新技术领域项目(18DZ1101003；19511106703)；上海汽车工业科技发展基金会2019年产学研项目(1913)

详细信息

通讯作者:
孙泽玉，博士，工程师，研究方向为纤维增强树脂基复合材料振动与冲击性能及其应用　E-mail：sunzeyu@dhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332; V214.8
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- 文章访问数: 911
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-25
- 录用日期: 2021-01-13
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-26
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-01

Axial crushing response and failure mechanism of variable stiffness carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite thin-walled tube

SONG Tao^{1, 2, 3
,},
YU Xuduo^4
,,
JIANG Shengda²,
YU Muhuo^{1, 2
,},
FAN Liangwei^5
,,
SUN Zeyu^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
3.
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
4.
Shanghai Huayu New Materials Tech.Inc, Shanghai 201610, China
5.
SAIC Motor Corporation Limited Passenger Vehicle Co, Shanghai 201804, China

摘要

摘要: 通过控制缠绕线型改变轴管纤维角度，制备了一种轴向刚度渐变、压溃稳定的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)变刚度薄壁圆管。对变刚度、[±45°]_n以及[90°]_n三类CFRP缠绕轴管进行轴向准静态压缩测试，结合数字图像相关技术(DIC)及有限元结果，对比三类结构压溃初始应变模式、损伤演化与应力状态结果，研究了变刚度结构的压溃响应与破坏机制。结果表明：不同纤维角度CFRP轴管因轴向刚度不同，压溃的初始破坏与损伤演化过程相异，三类结构产生不同的压溃响应与破坏模式。变刚度区连续变化的大角度纤维能有效地引发分层和“开花式”混合破坏，缓慢释放应变能，使变刚度CFRP轴管吸能效果明显优于其他两类结构。其峰值载荷为66.97 kN，压溃效率为50.8%，比吸能为10.1 kJ/kg，相对于[±45°]_n结构比吸能提升156.35%，压溃效率提升518.76%，相对于[90°]_n结构比吸能提升16.9%，压溃效率降低27.3%。
- 变刚度 /
- 复合材料结构 /
- 薄壁管 /
- 压溃试验 /
- 破坏机制 /
- 数字图像相关技术 /
- 有限元分析
Abstract: The fiber angles of the winding tubes were changed by controlling the winding lines to realize the gradual change of the stiffness along the axial direction, and then the collapse-stable carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite thin-walled tubes with variable stiffness were fabricated. Finally, the axial quasi-static crushing tests were carried out for three types of winding tubes with variable stiffness, [±45°]_n and [90°]_n structures. Combined with digital image correlation (DSC) technology and finite element analysis results, the initial strain modes, damage evolution and stress states were compared to study the crushing response and failure mechanism of variable stiffness structures. The results show that the initial failure and damage evolution of the tubes with different fiber angles are different due to the various axial stiffness, so the different crushing response and failure modes are generated respectively, and the continuously changing circular fibers in the variable stiffness zone can effectively cause the delaminated and “flowering” mode mixed damage to release the strain energy slowly. Therefore, the energy absorption effect of the variable stiffness structure is obviously better than that of other two structures. Its peak load is 66.97 kN, crushing efficiency is 50.8%, and specific energy absorption is 10.1 kJ/kg. Compared with the [±45°]_n structure, the specific energy absorption increases by 156.35%, and the crushing efficiency increases by 518.76%. Compared with the [90°]_n structure, the specific energy absorption increases by 16.9%, and the crushing efficiency reduces by 27.3%.
- variable stiffness /
- composite structure /
- thin-walled tube /
- crushing test /
- failure mechanism /
- digital image correlation /
- finite element analysis

HTML全文

图 1 变刚度碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)薄壁圆管坐标系与缠绕角度定义

Figure 1. Coordinate system and winding angle of variable stiffness carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) thin-walled tube

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图 2 变刚度结构与缠绕角度-轴向距离曲线

Figure 2. Curve of variable stiffness structure and its winding angle-axial distance

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图 3 整体压溃与单侧压溃CFRP薄壁圆管试样(a)和三类单侧压溃CFRP薄壁圆管试样(b)

Figure 3. Whole crushing and one-side crushing CFRP thin-walled tube specimens (a) and three types of one-side crushing CFRP thin-walled tube specimens (b)

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图 4 准静态压缩试验夹具(a)、表面散斑(b)、实际测试(c)

Figure 4. Quasi-static crushing test fixture (a), speckle spraying (b) and actual test (c)

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图 5 变刚度CFRP薄壁圆管模型局部放大图(a)、模型及对应缠绕线型(b)

Figure 5. Partial magnification of the model of variable stiffness CFRP thin-walled tube (a), the model and corresponding winding pattern (b)

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图 6 典型CFRP薄壁管准静态压溃载荷-位移曲线

Figure 6. Typical load-displacement curve of quasi-static crushing test of CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 7 1号CFRP薄壁圆管载荷-位移曲线(a)、压溃残样(b)、DIC应变场(c)

Figure 7. Load-displacement curve (a), crushed residual sample (b) and DIC strain field (c) of CN1 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 8 2号CFRP薄壁圆管载荷-位移曲线(a)、压溃残样(b)、DIC应变场(c)

Figure 8. Load-displacement curve (a), crushed residual sample (b) and DIC strain field (c) of CN2 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 9 3号CFRP薄壁圆管载荷-位移曲线(a)、压溃残样(b)、DIC应变场(c)

Figure 9. Load-displacement curve (a), crushed residual sample (b) and DIC strain field (c) of CN3 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 10 3号CFRP薄壁圆管分层破坏微观原理(a)、横断剪切破坏微观原理(b)

Figure 10. Microprinciple of delamination failure (a) and transverse shear failure (b) of CN3 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 11 1号CFRP薄壁圆管压溃过程(a)、损伤演化与单元删除(b)、局部放大图(c)

Figure 11. Crushing process (a), damage evolution and unit deletion (b) and local enlarged view (c) of CN1 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 12 1号CFRP薄壁圆管后压溃阶段轴向应力分布(a)、纤维方向应力分布(b)和面内剪切应力分布(c)

Figure 12. Axial stress distribution (a), fiber directional stress distribution (b) and in-plane shear stress distribution (c) of postcrushing stage finite element results of CN1 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 13 2号CFRP薄壁圆管压溃过程(a)、损伤演化与单元删除(b)、局部放大图(c)

Figure 13. Crushing process (a), damage evolution and unit deletion (b) and local enlarged view (c) of CN2 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 14 2号CFRP薄壁圆管后压溃阶段轴向应力分布(a)、纤维方向应力分布(b)、面内剪切应力分布(c)

Figure 14. Axial stress distribution (a), fiber directional stress distribution (b) and in-plane shear stress distribution (c) of postcrushing stage finite element results of CN2 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 15 3号CFRP薄壁圆管压溃过程(a)、损伤演化与单元删除(b)和局部放大图(c)

Figure 15. Crushing process (a), damage evolution and unit deletion (b) and local enlarged view (c) of CN3 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 16 3号CFRP薄壁圆管后压溃阶段轴向应力云图(a)、纤维方向应力云图(b)和面内剪切应力云图(c)

Figure 16. Axial stress distribution (a), fiber directional stress distribution (b) and in-plane shear stress distribution (c) of postcrushing stage finite element results of CN3 CFRP thin-walled tube

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图 17 三类CFRP薄壁圆管整体压溃耐撞性指标

Figure 17. Crashworthiness indexes of the three types of CFRP thin-walled tubes structures in the whole crushing test

E_SEA—Specific energy absorption; P_max—Peak load; C_CFE—Crushing efficiency

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图 18 三类CFRP薄壁圆管单侧压溃载荷-位移曲线

Figure 18. Load-displacement curves of three types of CFRP thin-walled tubes in the one-side crushing test

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图 19 三类CFRP薄壁圆管单侧压溃耐撞性指标

Figure 19. Crashworthiness indexes of the three types of CFRP thin-walled tubes structures in the one-side crushing test

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表 1 CFRP薄壁圆管整体压溃试样参数

Table 1. Parameters of the whole crushing test of CFRP thin-walled tube specimens

CN	SN	m/g	L/mm	l/mm	Winding angle/(°)
1	W-CS-[90°]_n	397.65	451.10	—	90
2	W-CS-[±45°]_n	361.45	447.90	—	45
3	W-VS-100-45	376.17	448.10	100	90-45
Notes: CN—Configuration number of test specimens; SN—Serial number of test specimens; m—Mass; L—Total length; l—Length of one-side variable stiffness zone; W—Whole crushing test; CS—Constant stiffness structure; VS—Variable stiffness structure; 100-45—Structure with one-side variable stiffness length of 100 mm and central target angle of 45°.

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表 2 CFRP薄壁圆管单侧压溃试样参数

Table 2. Parameters of one-side crushing test of CFRP thin-walled tube specimens

CN	SN	m/g	L/mm	Winding angle/(°)
4	S-VS-[90°]_n	88.26	100.30	90
5	S-VS-[±45°]_n	84.84	100.10	45
6	S-VS-100-45	81.19	99.91	90-45
Note: S—One-side crushing test.

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表 3 T700SC 12K碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能参数

Table 3. Mechanical property parameters of T700SC 12K carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites

Parameter	Value
X_t/Y_t /MPa	2393/57
E_1t/E_2t /GPa	146/9.57
υ_12/υ₁₃	0.33
υ₂₃	0.1
X_c/Y_c /MPa	1000/106.07
G₁₂ /GPa	6.19
τ₁₂ /MPa	68
G₁₃/G₂₃ /GPa	3.5
τ₁₃/τ₂₃ /MPa	100
Ply thickness /mm	0.25
Notes: E_1t, E_2t—Tensile elastic modulus; υ₁₂, υ₁₃, υ₂₃—Poisson’s ratio; G₁₂, G₁₃, G₂₃—Shear modulus; X_t—Longitudinal tensile strength; X_c—Longitudinal compressive strength; Y_t—Transverse tensile strength; Y_c—Transverse compressive strength; τ₁₂—In-plane shear stress; τ₁₃, τ₂₃—Interlaminar shear stress.

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