一种改进的基于两单胞模型的三维角联锁机织复合材料弹性性能数值预测方法及实验验证

曹欣怡; 彭秀钟; 范进; 周梦敬

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210122.003

一种改进的基于两单胞模型的三维角联锁机织复合材料弹性性能数值预测方法及实验验证

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210122.003

南京理工大学　理学院，南京 210094

详细信息

通讯作者:
范进，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为防灾减灾工程与防护工程　E-mail：fanjinem@njust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-26
- 录用日期: 2021-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-01

An improved numerical prediction method of elastic properties based on two unit-cells models for 3D angle-interlock woven composites and experimental verification

School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

摘要

摘要: 为准确预测三维角联锁机织复合材料的宏观弹性性能，对基于CT图像几何参数实测数据建立的内单胞和面单胞细观实体模型进行数值分析，其中面单胞模型采用组合面单胞形式，并开展了三维角联锁机织超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维/聚氨酯复合材料的经向拉伸实验。结果表明：基于两单胞模型预测该复合材料的宏观弹性模量与实验结果吻合较好，组合面单胞的经向拉伸模量小于内单胞；经向拉伸时复合材料在经纱间接触面处、纬纱沿宽度方向的端部和经纱与基体的交界面处易出现应力集中现象；当纬纱层数小于30层时，应该考虑表面区域对复合材料整体力学性能的影响。
- 三维机织复合材料 /
- 单胞 /
- 弹性模量 /
- 有限元分析 /
- 拉伸实验
Abstract: To accurately predict the macroscopic elastic properties of 3D angle-interlock woven composites, interior and surface unit-cells mesoscopic solid models were established for numerical analysis based on the geometric parameters measured in CT images, and surface unit-cells were modeled in the form of integrated surface unit-cells. Then a tensile test in warp direction was conducted for 3D angle-interlock woven ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber/polyurethane composites. The results show that the predicted macroscopic elastic modulus values of the composites based on two unit-cells models are in good agreement with the experimental values. The tensile modulus in the warp direction of the integrated surface unit-cells is smaller than that of the interior unit-cells. During the tensile test in the warp direction, stress concentration tends to occur at the interface among warp yarns, the end of weft yarns along the width and the interface between warp yarns and matrix. When the number of weft layers is less than 30, the effect of surface region on the overall mechanical properties of the composites should be considered.
- 3D woven composites /
- unit cells /
- elastic modulus /
- finite element analysis /
- tensile test

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图 1 三维角联锁机织超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维/聚氨酯复合材料经向和纬向断面图

Figure 1. Profiles in warp and weft directions of 3D angle-interlock woven ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber/polyurethane composites

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图 2 三维角联锁机织复合材料的细观几何模型^[6]

Figure 2. Mesoscopic geometric model of 3D angle-interlock woven composites^[6]

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图 3 三维角联锁机织复合材料在纺织建模软件TexGen中纱线路径的定义及细观实体模型

Figure 3. Definition of yarn path and microscopic solid model of 3D angle-interlock woven composites in TexGen

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图 4 三维角联锁机织复合材料的单胞划分方案

Figure 4. Unit-cells division scheme of 3D angle-interlock woven composites

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图 5 三维角联锁机织复合材料的组合面单胞模型

Figure 5. Integrated surface unit-cell model of 3D angle-interlock woven composites

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图 6 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料的内单胞和组合面单胞有限元模型

Figure 6. Interior unit-cell and integrated surface unit-cell finite element model of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/ polyurethane composites

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图 7 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料试件设计方案及经向拉伸试件

Figure 7. Design scheme and warp tensile test specimen of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites

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图 8 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料的经向拉伸实验过程

Figure 8. Tensile test process of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites in warp direction

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图 9 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料经向拉伸应力-应变曲线

Figure 9. Tensile stress-strain curves of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites in warp direction

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图 10 三维角联锁机织UHMWPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料经向拉伸应变为0.001时内单胞和组合面单胞中应力分布情况

Figure 10. Stress distribution in interior unit-cell and integrated surface unit-cell of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites when the tensile strain in warp direction was 0.001

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图 11 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料经向拉伸模量和纤维体积含量随纬纱层数的变化规律

Case 1—Accurate modulus of composites obtained by interior unit-cell and integrated surface unit-cells models； Case 2—Accurate modulus of composites obtained by only interior unit-cell model

Figure 11. Change law of tensile modulus in warp direction and fiber volume fraction of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites with the number of weft layers

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表 1 三维角联锁机织UHMWPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料细观几何参数测量

Table 1. Mesoscopic geometric parameters’ measurements of 3D angle-interlock woven UHMWPE fiber/ polyurethane composites

Yarn	Parameter	Number of measurements	Average value	Variable coefficient	Input value
Weft	Height H_w	408	0.492 mm	0.137	0.469 mm
	Width W_w	408	1.919 mm	0.042	1.919 mm
	Space S_w	306	3.651 mm	0.012	3.333* mm
Warp	Width W_j	300	1.139 mm	0.014	1.111* mm
	Height H_j	300	0.382 mm	0.143	0.398 mm
	Inclination θ_s	255	45.6°	0.074
Notes: * represents data obtained by equation (10).

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表 2 UHMWPE纤维和聚氨酯力学性能参数

Table 2. Mechanical properties of UHMWPE fiber and polyurethane

UHWMPE fiber	E_a^*/GPa	E_t^[19]/GPa	G_a^[19]/GPa
	94	3.5	1.0
	G_t^[19]/GPa	ν_a^[19]	ν_t^[19]
	1.2	0.29	0.45
Polyurethane	E_m^*/MPa	ν_m^[19]
Polyurethane	195	0.25
Notes：E_a, G_a and ν_a—Axial tensile modulus, shear modulus and Passion’s ratio of fiber, respectively；E_t, G_t and ν_t—Transverse tensile modulus, shear modulus and Passion’s ratio of fiber, respectively；E_m and ν_m—Modulus and Poisson’s ratio of matrix, respectively; * represents data obtained by experiments.

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表 3 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料试件的经向拉伸模量实验结果

Table 3. Experimental results of tensile modulus in warp direction of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composite specimens

Specimen	E_x/GPa	Average/GPa	Variable coefficient/%
No.1	2.02	2.19	5.34
No.2	2.14
No.3	2.27
No.4	2.33
No.5	2.20
Note：E_x—Tensile modulus in x direction.

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表 4 三维角联锁机织UHWMPE纤维/聚氨酯复合材料弹性常数的数值预测值

Table 4. Results of elastic constants of 3D angle-interlock woven UHWMPE fiber/polyurethane composites by numerical analysis method

Elastic constant	Interior unit-cell	Integrated surface unit-cell	Overall
E_x/GPa	3.12	1.75	2.39
E_y/GPa	17.21	14.20	15.58
E_z/GPa	0.80	0.46	0.62
G_xz/GPa	0.79	0.29	0.52
G_yz/GPa	0.30	0.18	0.24
G_xy/GPa	0.31	0.20	0.25
ν_xz	0.35	0.30	0.32
ν_yz	0.01	0.01	0.01
ν_xy	−0.06	−0.04	−0.05
Notes：E_x, E_y and E_z—Tensile moduli in x, y and z directions, respectively；G_xz, G_yz and G_xy—Shear moduli in xz, yz and xy directions, respectively；ν_xz, ν_yz and ν_xy—Poisson’s ratios in xz, yz and xy directions, respectively.

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