Vanadium dioxide-1, 4-bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)naphthalene composite films and their thermochromic and photoluminescent property
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摘要: 二氧化钒(VO2)是一种较理想的可用于调节室内温度的热致变色智能玻璃材料。然而，VO2基智能玻璃涂层的应用一直受到其固有的令人不易接受的棕黄色等问题的限制。本文用1, 4-双(苯并噁唑-2-基)萘(KCB)与掺钨二氧化钒纳米颗粒制备了双层结构VO2-KCB复合薄膜，其中有机荧光分子KCB层吸收太阳光中的紫外线，发出蓝绿色荧光，使复合薄膜在太阳光下呈现浅蓝色或蓝绿色，以改善VO2薄膜固有的棕黄色。复合薄膜具有9%以上的太阳光调制能力ΔTsol，可见光透过率Tlum大于73%，且具有较好防紫外性能。这些性能将非常有利于进一步拓展VO2基智能玻璃涂层的实际应用。Abstract: Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an ideal thermochromic material for smart window which can be used to adjust the indoor temperature in summer. However, the application of the VO2-based smart window coatings is practically restricted by several problems such as the inherently unpleasant brown-yellow color. In this work, the VO2-organic fluorescent molecule bilayer composite films were fabricated by using 1, 4-bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)naphthalene (KCB) and W-doped VO2 nanoparticles. After absorbing the ultraviolet light from sunlight, the KCB layer emits cyan fluorescence to make the composite film light blue or cyan in color, successfully modifying the brown-yellow color of the pure VO2 films on glass. The composite films have the solar regulation efficiency ΔTsol of greater than 9% and the luminous transmittance Tlum higher than 73%, and good anti-ultraviolet property as well. These features should be highly beneficial for the practical application of the VO2-based films for smart windows.
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Key words:
- vanadium dioxide /
- composite film /
- thermochromic /
- fluorescence /
- smart window
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图 1 1,4-双(苯并噁唑-2-基)萘(KCB)的结构
Figure 1. Structure of 1,4-bis(benzoxazol-2-yl)naphthalene (KCB)
图 2 VO2-有机荧光分子复合薄膜的双层结构
Figure 2. Double-layer structure of VO2-organic molecule composite film
图 3 不同温度下VO2-有机荧光分子复合薄膜的示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of VO2-fluorescent organic molecule composite film at different temperatures
图 7 VO2薄膜的SEM图像及EDS元素映射图像
Figure 7. SEM image and EDS element mapping images of VO2 film
图 8 KCB5薄膜的SEM图像及EDXS元素映射图像
Figure 8. SEM image and EDS element mapping images of KCB5 film
图 9 VO2-KCB5复合薄膜的SEM图像及EDS元素映射图像
Figure 9. SEM image and EDS element mapping images of VO2-KCB5 composite film
图 10 KCB薄膜及VO2薄膜截面的SEM图像
Figure 10. SEM images of the cross-section of KCB films and VO2 film
图 12 KCB2、KCB5和KCB7薄膜的紫外-可见-近红外透射光谱
Figure 12. UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectra of KCB2, KCB5 and KCB7 films
图 13 VO2薄膜与VO2-KCB复合薄膜的紫外-可见-近红外透射光谱
Figure 13. UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectra of VO2 film and VO2-KCB composite films
图 14 KCB薄膜和VO2-KCB复合薄膜的荧光发射光谱(激发波长: 365 nm)
Figure 14. Fluorescence emission spectra of the KCB films and VO2-KCB composite films (Excitation wavelength: 365 nm)
图 15 KCB固体粉末的荧光发射光谱(激发波长: 365 nm)
Figure 15. Fluorescence emission spectrum of KCB powder(Excitation wavelength: 365 nm)
图 16 薄膜的CIE 1931色度图及色度坐标(激发波长: 365 nm)
Figure 16. CIE 1931 diagrams and the chromaticity coordinates of the films (Excitation wavelength: 365 nm)
图 17 KCB2、KCB5和KCB7薄膜分别在室内自然光和紫外光(365 nm)下的照片
Figure 17. Photographs of KCB2, KCB5 and KCB7 films under indoor ambient light and UV light (365 nm), respectively
图 18 VO2薄膜、三种VO2-KCB复合薄膜分别在室内自然光和紫外光(365 nm)下的照片
Figure 18. Photographs of pure VO2 film and VO2-KCB composite films under indoor ambient light and UV light (365 nm), respectively
图 19 VO2薄膜和三种VO2-KCB复合薄膜在太阳光下的照片
Figure 19. Photographs of pure VO2 film and VO2-KCB composite films under sunlight
表 1 本文复合薄膜的名称及组成
Table 1. Composite films and their composition
Sample VO2/g KCB/g Polyvinyl butyral (PVB)/g Ethanol/mL Methylene chloride/mL VO2 0.05 - 1 10 - KCB2 - 0.02 1 - 10 KCB5 - 0.05 1 - 10 KCB7 - 0.07 1 - 10 
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表 2 VO2、VO2-KCB复合薄膜的可见光透过率、太阳光透过率和太阳调节效率汇总
Table 2. Summary of the luminous transmittance, solar transmittance and solar regulation efficiency for VO2 and VO2-KCB composite films
Film Tlum/% Tsol/% ΔTsol/% 20℃ 90℃ 20℃ 90℃ VO2 73.31 74.80 81.57 72.60 8.97 VO2-KCB2 75.46 75.54 82.97 73.29 9.68 VO2-KCB5 73.24 73.13 78.91 69.10 9.81 VO2-KCB7 72.48 74.03 78.70 68.55 10.15 Notes: Tsol—Solar transmittance, Tlum—Luminous transmittance; ΔTsol—Solar regulation efficiency, which were calculated from the equation (1).
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