微/纳B<sub>4</sub>C增强6061Al复合材料微观结构及力学性能

刘瑞峰; 王文先; 赵威

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20201209.002

微/纳B₄C增强6061Al复合材料微观结构及力学性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20201209.002

刘瑞峰^1,,
王文先^2, ,,
赵威^2,

1.
太原理工大学　航空航天学院，太原 030024
2.
太原理工大学　材料科学与工程学院，太原 030024

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51775366)

详细信息

通讯作者:
王文先，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为先进材料连接及其界面行为　E-mail：wangwenxian@tyut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB33；TG146.2+1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-26
- 录用日期: 2020-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-01

Microstructure and mechanical properties of micro/nano B₄C particle reinforced 6061Al matrix composites

LIU Ruifeng^1
,,
WANG Wenxian^{2
, ,},
ZHAO Wei^2
,

1.
College of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
2.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

摘要

摘要: 采用先进粉末冶金技术(放电等离子烧结+热挤压)制备了三种体积分数(3vol%、5vol%、7vol%)的微/纳B₄C增强6061Al复合材料，对不同制备阶段复合材料的微观组织(SEM、TEM、EBSD)进行观察分析，对复合材料的纳米压痕行为及拉伸性能进行测试。结果表明：烧结后B₄C颗粒在基体中呈“网状”分布；挤压变形后B₄C颗粒在基体实现弥散均匀分布。挤压变形后，纳米B₄C在晶内及晶界均有分布，纳米B₄C对位错的钉扎作用使得基体积累大量位错，提供驱动力并越过动态回复，使内部再结晶比例高达74%。当B₄C体积分数为3vol%时，挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度及延伸率为219 MPa、88 MPa和22.5%，断裂形貌中呈现大量韧窝。
- 微/纳B₄C /
- 复合材料 /
- 界面 /
- 断裂机制 /
- 摩擦磨损
Abstract: Micro/nano B₄C particle reinforced 6061Al composites with three volume fractions (3vol%, 5vol%, 7vol%) were prepared by advanced powder metallurgy technology (spark plasma sintering +hot extrusion). The microstructure evolution at different stages was observed by SEM, TEM and EBSD. The nano-indentation behavior, tensile properties and friction and wear properties were also tested. Results show that B₄C particles distribute in a network structure after sintering, and the B₄C particles are dispersed uniformly after extrusion. The nano-B₄C particles are distributed in the grains and grain boundaries. The pinning effect of nano-B₄C on the dislocation accumulates a large number of dislocations in the matrix, which provides driving force and overrides the dynamic recovery. Finally, the recrystallization ratio reaches 74%. When the volume fraction of B₄C is 3vol%, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites are 219 MPa, 88 MPa and 22.5%, and a large number of dimples appear in the fracture morphology.
- micro/nano B₄C /
- composites /
- interface /
- fracture mechanism /
- friction-wear

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图 1 混合粉末及不同B₄C体积分数下B₄C/6061Al复合材料的微观组织形貌((a)~(c) 混合粉末; (d)~(f) 烧结态复合材料; (g)~(i) 挤压态复合材料)

Figure 1. Microstructure morphologies of mixed powder and B₄C/6061Al composite with different B₄C volume fractions ((a)-(c) Mixed powder; (d)-(f) As-sintered composites; (g)-(i) As-extruded composites )

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图 2 3vol%烧结态、挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的EBSD结果((a)、(d) 相图; (b)、(e) 大小角晶界; (c)、(f) 再结晶)

Figure 2. EBSD results of 3vol% as-sintered and as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites ((a), (d) Phase map; (b), (e) High-low angle grain boundaries; (c), (f) Recrystallization)

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图 3 3vol%挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的TEM图像

Figure 3. TEM images of 3vol% as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites

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图 4 3vol%烧结态、挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的纳米压痕行为((a) 载荷-位移曲线; (b) 微观硬度值)

Figure 4. Nano-indentation behavior of 3vol% as-sintered and as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites ((a) Load-displacement curve; (b) Microhardness)

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图 5 烧结态、挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的拉伸应力-应变曲线

Figure 5. Tensile stress-strain curves of as-sintered and as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites

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图 6 3vol%烧结态、挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的拉伸断口形貌

Figure 6. Tensile fracture morphologies of 3vol% as-sintered and as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites

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图 7 3vol%挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的拉伸断口形貌

Figure 7. Tensile fracture morphologies of 3vol% as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites

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图 8 挤压态Al基体和B₄C/6061Al复合材料的摩擦系数

Figure 8. Friction coefficients of as-extruded Al and B₄C/6061Al composites

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图 9 挤压态Al基体和B₄C/6061Al复合材料的摩擦磨损形貌((a) Al基体; (b) 3vol% B₄C/6061Al复合材料)

Figure 9. Wear morphologies of as-extruded Al and B₄C/6061Al composites((a) Al alloys; (b) 3vol% B4C/6061Al composites)

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表 1 烧结态、挤压态B₄C/6061Al复合材料的极限拉伸强度、屈服强度和延伸率

Table 1. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation of as-sintered and as-extruded B₄C/6061Al composites

	B₄C/vol%	UTS/MPa	YS/MPa	Elongation/%
As-SPSed	0	138	65	18
	3	178	78	13
	5	150	92	7
	7	158	117	6
As-extruded	0	190	77	25
	3	219	88	22.5
	5	209	95	20
	7	190	114	7.5

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