新型碳基磁性复合吸波材料的研究进展

曹敏; 邓雨希; 徐康; 郝晓峰; 胡嘉裕; 杨喜

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200825.002

新型碳基磁性复合吸波材料的研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200825.002

中南林业科技大学　材料科学与工程学院，长沙 410004

基金项目: 中南林科大人才启动基金(2018YJ033)；湖南省教育厅科研项目(18B173)

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨喜，博士，讲师，研究方向为生物质碳基功能材料　Email：yangxijy@126.com

中图分类号: TB333
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-15
- 录用日期: 2020-08-25
- 网络出版日期: 2020-08-26
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-15

Research progress of new carbon based magnetic composite electromagnetic waveabsorbing materials

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry Technology, Changsha 410004, China

摘要

摘要: 新型碳基磁性复合吸波材料因兼具质轻和高性能而成为当今电磁波吸收材料的研究主流。碳系吸波材料既有密度小、比表面大、电导率高等优点，也存在无磁性、阻抗匹配水平低等不足，常通过与磁损耗物质复合来构筑多样微结构、多元协同损耗机制的轻质复合材料，实现高强与宽频电磁波吸收。本文在总结国内外碳基复合材料吸波应用的研究基础上，以成分组成、复合方法、微观结构等为主线对比分析了新型石墨烯、碳纳米管、生物质多孔碳及其他碳系磁性复合吸波材料的研究进展，并指出了磁性碳系吸波材料存在的问题及未来发展趋势。
- 电磁波吸收材料 /
- 阻抗匹配 /
- 损耗特性 /
- 吸波效能 /
- 碳基磁性材料
Abstract: New carbon based magnetic composite absorbing materials have become the mainstream of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials because of their light weight and high performance. Carbon based wave absorbing materials have the advantages of low density, large specific surface, high conductivity, but also have the disadvantages of non-magnetic and low impedance matching level. They are often combined with magnetic loss materials to build light composite materials with various microstructures and multiple cooperative loss mechanisms to achieve efficient and broadband electromagnetic waveabsorption. On the basis of summarizing the research on the wave absorbing application of carbon matrix composites at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the research progress of new graphene, carbon nanotubes, biomass porous carbon and other carbon matrix magnetic composite wave absorbing materials with composition, composite method and microstructure as the main line, and finally points out the existing problems and future development trend of carbon based magnetic absorbing materials.
- electromagnetic wave absorbing materials /
- impedance matching /
- loss characteristics /
- absorption efficiency /
- carbon based magnetic material

HTML全文

图 1 FeCoNi/石墨烯(GR)微结构示意图和反射率曲线

Figure 1. Microstructure diagram and reflectivity curves of FeCoNi/graphene (GR)

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图 2 CoFe₂O₄((a)、(c))与还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)/CoFe₂O₄((b)、(d))的损耗因子及反射损耗值

Figure 2. Loss tangent and reflection loss of CoFe₂O₄ ((a), (c)) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/CoFe₂O₄((b), (d))

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图 3 碳纳米管(CNTs)/Fe₃C的制备示意图

Figure 3. Preparation diagram of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/Fe₃C

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图 4 CoNi/N-GR掺杂CNTs的三维结构及吸波原理

Figure 4. 3D structure and absorbing principle of the CoNi/N-GR doped CNTs

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图 5 Fe₃O₄/WC孔道特征及吸波性能

Figure 5. Pore characteristics and absorbing properties of Fe₃O₄/WC

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图 6 核壳Co@Co₃O₄/C复合材料的吸波原理

Figure 6. EM wave absorption mechanism of core-shell Co@Co₃O₄C composite

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图 7 Fe₃O₄-CNTs-空心多孔碳纤维(HPCFs)复合材料制备示意图

Figure 7. Schematic illustration of Fe₃O₄-CNTs-hollow porous carbon fibers (HPCFs) composites formation

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表 1 GR基磁性复合材料的吸波性能

Table 1. Wave absorption properties of GR based magnetic composites

Material	Method	R_L^min/dB	D_m/mm	Band width/GHz	Ref.
NiFe₂O₄/RGO	Hydrothermal method	−42	−	5.3	[13]
CoFe₂O₄/GR	Vapor diffusion	−18.5	2	3.7	[14]
BaFe₁₂O₁₉/GA	Chemical vapor deposition	−18.35	2	3.32	[15]
SGN/Fe₃O₄	Solvothermal route	−41	2.0	5.3	[16]
ZnCo₂O₄/C/MG	Coprecipitation	−52.9	4.48	3.9	[17]
Fe₃O₄@SiO₂−RGO	Covalent modification	−55.4	6.24	3.5	[18]
ZnFe₂O₄@SiO₂@RGO	Heat treatment	−43.9	2.8	6	[19]
NiFe₂O₄@MnO₂/GN	Hydrothermal method	−47.4	3	4.3	[20]
Notes: GA—Graphene aerogel; SGN—S-doped graphene; MG—Magnetic graphene; GN—Graphene nanocrystals; R_L^min, D_m—Minimum reflectivity and matching thickness, respectively.

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表 2 铁氧体/CNTs复合材料的吸波性能

Table 2. Microwave absorbing properties of ferrite/CNTs composites

Material	Method	R_L^min/dB	D_m/mm	Band width/GHz	Ref.
BaFe₁₂O₁₉/CNTs	Chemical vapor deposition	−21.5	2	2.5	[37]
CoFe₂O₄/CNTs	Chemical vapor deposition	−18	−	6.5-13.5	[38]
SrFe₁₂O₁₉/MWCNTs	Sol-gel method	−19.7	3	−	[39]
BaFe₁₂O₁₉/ZnFe₂O₄/CNTs	Autoignition method	−43.22	2	2.95	[40]
ZnFe₂O₄/MWCNTs	Solvothermal method	−55.5	1.5	3.6	[41]
Fe₃O₄/MnO₂/CNTs	Solvothermal method	−42.2	7.1	−	[42]
Notes: CNTs—Carbon nanotubes; MWCNTs—Multi-wall carbon nanotubes.

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