复合材料负泊松比格栅结构设计及力学性能评价

于雅琳; 李健芳; 黄智彬; 莫申忠; 王乐辰; 黄玉清

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200623.002

复合材料负泊松比格栅结构设计及力学性能评价

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200623.002

航天材料及工艺研究所，北京 100076

基金项目: 火箭军装备预先研究项目(900703800205010115911901)；航天材料及工艺研究所技术创新基金(900703800803000115911801)

详细信息

通讯作者:
于雅琳，博士，工程师，研究方向为复合材料结构设计及成型工艺　 E-mail：yuyalin1989@126.com

中图分类号: TB332；V414.8
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-18
- 录用日期: 2020-06-16
- 网络出版日期: 2020-06-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-08

Structural design and mechanical characterization of an auxetic advanced grid structure composite

Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China

摘要

摘要: 对复合材料负泊松比格栅新结构的设计、制备与评价进行了研究，采用有限元方法模拟了负泊松比结构单元在轴压载荷作用下的力学行为，通过热压罐成型制备复合材料负泊松比格栅结构，并评估其成型质量、蒙皮及筋条的力学性能、结构抗轴压性能。数值模拟结果表明，负泊松比格栅结构与正交格栅结构相比，变形形式从马鞍形变为波纹形，横向膨胀量降低，应力分布均匀性提升，筋条-轴线夹角θ=30°时，负泊松比格栅结构达到最优。采用热压罐成型的MT300/603碳纤维/环氧树脂负泊松比格栅试件成型质量良好，蒙皮及筋条的力学性能优异。力学测试结果表明，筋条-轴线夹角θ=30°时，MT300/603负泊松比格栅结构轴压模量为65.92 GPa，轴压失效载荷为64.65 kN。轴压失效模式为筋条节点处的蒙皮-筋条开裂。筋条-轴线夹角θ=30°的MT300/603负泊松比格栅结构抗压强度高于正交格栅结构，且力学行为呈现明显的负泊松比特征，是一种具备优异综合力学性能的新格栅结构，在航天飞行器蒙皮结构等领域具有潜在的应用价值。
- 复合材料 /
- 负泊松比 /
- 格栅结构 /
- 结构设计 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: The structural design, manufacture and mechanical evaluation of an auxetic advanced grid structure (AGS) composite were investigated. The mechanical behavior of the auxetic AGS composite under the compressive loading was simulated via finite element method (FEM). The auxetic AGS composite was fabricated via autoclave processing, and the processing quality and mechanical properties were evaluated. The simulation results show that the auxetic AGS composite after deformation is in a corrugation shape, which is different from the saddle deformation shape of the orthogonal AGS composite. Compared with the orthogonal AGS composite, the transverse expansion is lower and the stress is more uniformly distributed. An 30° included angle between grid and axis is the most optimal structure for the auxetic AGS composite. Excellent manufacturing quality and superior mechanical properties are found for the MT300/603 carbon fiber/epoxy auxetic AGS composite. The mechanical experiment results show the optimal MT300/603 auxetic AGS composites have a compression modulus of 65.92 GPa and a compression failure load of 64.65 kN. The failure occurs between the grid and skin at the crossing of the grids, showing a higher compression strength than the orthogonal AGS composite. The optimal MT300/603 auxetic AGS composite exhibits a characteristic negative Poisson’s ratio. The AGS composite structure with superior overall mechanical performance can potentially be used on aerospace structures.
- composites /
- auxetics /
- grid structure /
- structural design /
- mechanical property

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图 1 内凹六边形周期格栅结构示意图

Figure 1. Sketches of a re-entrant chiral auxetic structure

l, h—Grid size; t—Grid thickness; θ—Angle between grid and axis

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图 2 周期格栅数值模型

Figure 2. Numerical models of periodic advance grid structure (AGS) composites ((a)Orthogonal AGS; (b) Auxetic AGS, θ=0°; (c) Auxetic AGS, θ=30°; (d) Auxetic AGS, θ=40°; (e) Auxetic AGS, θ=60°)

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图 3 周期格栅约束方式及位移云图

Figure 3. Constraints and displacement contour plots of periodic AGS composites ((a)Orthogonal AGS; (b) Auxetic AGS, θ=0°; (c) Auxetic AGS, θ=30°; (d) Auxetic AGS, θ=40°; (e) Auxetic AGS, θ=60°)

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图 4 周期格栅米塞斯应力云图

Figure 4. Mises stress contour plots of periodic AGS composites ((a) Orthogonal AGS; (b) Auxetic AGS, θ=0°; (c) Auxetic AGS, θ=30°; (d) Auxetic AGS, θ=40°; (e) Auxetic AGS, θ=60°)

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图 5 周期格栅最大应力及抗压模量曲线

Figure 5. Maximum Mises stress and compressive modulus curves of periodic AGS composites

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图 6 复合材料负泊松比格栅结构试件(θ=30°)及无损检测C扫图像

Figure 6. Product and C-scan image of the auxetic AGS composite (θ=30°)

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图 7 复合材料负泊松比格栅结构压缩载荷下位移曲线

Figure 7. Displacement curve of auxetic AGS composites under compressive loading

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图 8 复合材料负泊松比格栅结构蒙皮中心压缩载荷与横向应变关系曲线

Figure 8. Correlative curves between compressive loading and transverse strain in the center of auxetic AGS composites

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表 1 内凹六边形几何参数

Table 1. Geometrical parameters of re-entrant chiral auxetic structures

No.	l/mm	h/mm	θ/(°)	Structure
1	67.5	70.0	0	Orthogonal grid
2	67.5	70.0	0	Re-entrant grid
3	77.6	70.0	30	Re-entrant grid
4	82.2	70.0	40	Re-entrant grid
5	97.8	70.0	60	Re-entrant grid

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表 2 MT300/603复合材料单向板力学性能

Table 2. Mechanical properties of MT300/603 unidirectional composite laminates

Mechanical parameter	Average value
0° tensile modulus/GPa	148
Poisson’s ratio ν₁₂	0.31
90° tensile modulus/GPa	10.5
Poisson’s ratio ν₂₁	0.02
0° compressive modulus/GPa	143
90° compressive modulus/GPa	11.2
In-plane shear modulus/GPa	5.6

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表 3 复合材料负泊松比格栅结构力学性能

Table 3. Mechanical properties of the auxetic AGS composites

No.	V_f /%	σ_c of skin		E_c of skin		τ of skin		σ_c of grid		E_c of grid		τ of skin-grid
No.	V_f /%	X/MPa	C_V/%	X/GPa	C_V/%	X/MPa	C_V/%	X/MPa	C_V/%	X/GPa	C_V/%	X/MPa	C_V/%
1	60.5	799	1	61.8	2.2	62.6	5.2	698	7.9	119	6	75.8	12
2	59.5	860	7.2	60.8	3.3	65.2	3.8	648	9.1	121	4.1	83.5	15
3	63.4	800	5.5	60.4	5	67.9	7	650	12	122	4.5	75.1	8.9
Notes：V_f—Fiber volume fraction; σ_c—Compressive strength; E_c—Compressive modulus; τ—Interlaminar strength; X—Average value; C_V—Coefficient of variation.

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