Phosphorus-containing polyaryletherketone-bismaleimide resin (PAEK-P-BMI) and carbon fiber/PAEK-P-BMI composites
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摘要: 为提高树脂传递模塑(RTM)复合材料的整体韧性,结合“离位”复合增韧技术和RTM制造技术,应用新型热塑性含磷聚芳醚酮(PAEK-P)对碳纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂(CF/BMI)复合材料进行增韧改性,研究了PAEK-P-BMI复合树脂的流变性能、分相行为及PAEK-P对CF/BMI复合材料韧性的影响。结果表明,分子链的刚性结构使PAEK-P具有高的耐热性,玻璃化转变温度达到268.8℃,PAEK-P在BMI树脂中的溶解性较差,PAEK-P-BMI复合树脂凝胶时间和黏度急增拐点时间受PAEK-P含量的影响很小;PAEK-P-BMI复合树脂在110℃/300 min条件下未出现相分离,但在后期的高温固化过程形成了分相结构,并在CF/PAEK-P-BMI复合材料中保持了分相形貌;与CF/BMI复合材料相比,CF/PAEK-P-BMI复合材料的冲击后损伤投影面积降低了69%,冲击后压缩强度提高了16.6%,冲击凹坑深度减小了34.4%。Abstract: In order to improve the toughness of resin transfer molding(RTM) composites, combining the “ex-situ” composite toughening technology and RTM processing, a novel thermoplastic phosphorus-containing polyaryletherketone(PAEK-P) was used to toughen the carbon fiber/bismaleimide resin(CF/BMI) composites. The rheological properties, phase separation behavior of the PAEK-P-BMI resin and the effect of PAEK-P upon the toughness of the CF/BMI composites were investigated. The results show that the PAEK-P resin has high heat resistance at the glass transition temperature of 268.8℃ for its rigid structure. The gel time and viscosity increase inflection point time of the PAEK-P-BMI composite resin are little affected by the PAEK-P content because of its poor solubility in BMI resin. The PAEK-P-BMI composite resin shows no phase separation at 110℃/300 min. However, the phase separation structure is formed in the late high temperature curing process, and the phase separation morphology is maintained in the cured CF/PAEK-P-BMI composites. Compared with CF/BMI composites, the CF/PAEK-P-BMI composites have a 69% reduction in damage area after impact, a 16.6% increase in compressive strength after impact, and a 34.4% reduction in impact pit depth.
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表 1 PAEK-P和PAEK-C的溶解性能
Table 1. Solubility properties of PAEK-P and PAEK-C
Thermoplastic resin THF DMF BMI (110℃) PAEK-C Rapid dissolution Rapid dissolution Transparent PAEK-P Insoluble Slow dissolution Large amount of precipitation Notes: THF—Tetrahydrofuran; DMF—N,N-dimethyformamide; BMI—Bismaleimide resin. 表 2 PAEK-P-BMI复合树脂的凝胶特性
Table 2. Gel properties of PAEK-P-BMI composite resin
Mass ratio of PAEK-P/% G' /Pa G''/Pa Gel point modulus/Pa Gel point time/s 1 0.438 0.80 95.48 3 910 3 0.601 2.50 149.24 3 747 5 1.390 3.59 108.85 3 477 7 9.730 20.68 175.53 3 472 表 3 CF/BMI、CF/PAEK-P-BMI和CF/PAEK-C-BMI复合材料冲击后损伤情况及冲击后压缩强度
Table 3. Damage and compressive strength of CF/BMI, CF/PAEK-P-BMI and CF/PAEK-C-BMI composites after impact
Composite Surface density/(g·m−2) Pit depth/mm Compressive strength after impact/MPa Damage area/mm2 CF/BMI 0 0.90 162.1 3 750 CF/PAEK-P-BMI 11.4 0.59 189.0 1 156 CF/PAEK-C-BMI 12.2 0.60 210.8 660 -
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