热塑性颗粒-无机粒子协同增韧碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料

刘新; 陈铎; 何辉永; 孙涛; 武湛君

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191113.006

热塑性颗粒-无机粒子协同增韧碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191113.006

大连理工大学　运载工程与力学学部航空航天学院辽宁省空天飞行器前沿技术重点实验室，大连 116024

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘新，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为高性能树脂基复合材料　E-mail：liuxindlut@dlut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-10
- 录用日期: 2019-10-22
- 网络出版日期: 2019-11-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-15

Synergistic toughening of thermoplastic particles-inorganic particles to carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites

Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Aerospace Vehicles of Liaoning Province, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

摘要

摘要: 针对碳纤维增强环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料层间断裂韧性进行研究，通过在CF/EP复合材料层间添加四种无机纳米粒子和三种热塑性颗粒对其进行II型层间断裂韧性(G_IIC)研究，选择工艺性和增韧性效果好的两种无机纳米粒子和热塑性颗粒进行协同增韧研究。结果表明，CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC在适当的无机纳米粒子含量下都得到提高，这主要是由于无机纳米粒子在层间形成了有效吸收断裂能的微结构，纳米羟基氧化铝(AlOOH)的工艺性及增韧性等综合性能最好，AlOOH质量分数为1wt%时，CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC达到931 J/m²，提高了29.3%；热塑性颗粒中，改性聚芳醚酮颗粒(PAEK)的综合性能最好，添加10wt% PAEK，CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC可以提高32%，这是由于预制在层间的热塑性颗粒随着基体流动而得到扩散，形成了独特的跨层间连续结构，从而使裂纹扩展的阻力增加，有效提高了CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC；10wt%PAEK和1wt%AlOOH共同增韧CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC达到1 368 J/m²，相对于未增韧的CF/EP复合材料提高了90%，增韧效果比PAEK和AlOOH对CF/EP复合材料的增韧效果之和大，这表明，PAEK和AlOOH同时加入CF/EP复合材料层间，对CF/EP复合材料具有协同增韧效应。
- 协同增韧 /
- 复合材料 /
- 层间韧性 /
- 热塑性颗粒 /
- 无机纳米粒子
Abstract: The interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin (CF/EP) composites was studied. The type II interlaminar fracture toughness (G_IIC) was studied by adding four kinds of inorganic nano-particles and three kinds of thermoplastic particles into the interlaminar of CF/EP composites . One kind of inorganic nano-particle and one kind of thermoplastic particles with good operability and tougheness effect were selected to study the synergistic toughening property. The results show that the G_IIC of CF/EP composites is improved with appropriate inorganic nano-particle, which is mainly due to the micro-structure formation between layers and fracture energy absorbed effectively. The comprehensive properties of nano sheet boehmite (AlOOH) are the best. When the content of AlOOH nano particles is 1wt%, the G_IIC of CF/EP composites reaches 931 J/m², which increases by 29.3%. Among the thermoplastic particles, the modified poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) has the best comprehensive properties. Adding 10 wt%PAEK in the layers, the G_IIC of the CF/EP composite can be increased by 32%. This is due to the diffusion of thermoplastic particles between layers along with the flow of EP matrix, forming a unique interlaminar continuous structure, which increases the resistance of crack propagation and effectively improves G_IIC of the CF/EP composites. The G_IIC of the CF/EP composites toughened by both 10wt%PAEK and 1wt%AlOOH reaches 1 368 J/m², compared with the non-toughened CF/EP composites , which is increased by 90%. The toughening effect is greater than the sum of adding PAEK and AlOOH. This shows that the addition of both PAEK and AlOOH into the interlayer of CF/EP composites has a synergistic toughening effect.
- synergistic toughen /
- composites /
- interlaminar fracture toughness /
- thermoplastic particles /
- inorga-nic nano particles

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图 1 端部缺口弯曲实验试样装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of specimen for the end-notched flexure test

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图 2 无机纳米粒子增韧CF/EP复合材料的II型层间断裂韧性(G_IIC)

Figure 2. Type II fracture toughness (G_IIC) of CF/EP composites toughened with inorganic nano particles

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图 3 纳米羟基氧化铝(AlOOH)增韧CF/EP复合材料的裂纹扩展的SEM图像

Figure 3. SEM image of crack propagation path of CF/EP composites toughened with nano sheet boehmite (AlOOH) particles

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图 4 热塑性颗粒增韧CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC

Figure 4. G_IIC of CF/EP composites toughened with thermoplastic particles

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图 5 热塑性颗粒增韧CF/EP复合材料断裂面的SEM图像

Figure 5. SEM images of fracture surfaces of CF/EP composites toughened with thermoplastic particles

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图 6 不同颗粒增韧的CF/EP复合材料的G_IIC

Figure 6. G_IIC of CF/EP composites toughened with different particles

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图 7 PAEK单独增韧和PAEK-AlOOH共同增韧CF/EP复合材料试样断裂面SEM图像

Figure 7. SEM images of fracture surfaces of CF/EP composites toughened with PAEK and PAEK-AlOOH

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表 1 T700-12k碳纤维(T700-CF)和TDE85环氧树脂(TDE85-EP)的性能

Table 1. Properties of T700-12k carbon fiber (T700-CF) and TDE85 epoxy resin (TDE85-EP)

	Strength/MPa	Modulus/GPa	Elongation at break/%	Density/(g·cm⁻³)
T700-CF	4 800	235	2.0	1.78
TDE85-EP	70	4.0	1.89	1.22

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表 2 各种增韧粒子尺寸及含量

Table 2. Size and content of various toughening particles

	AlOOH	Fe₂O₃	MMT	MWCNTs	PAEK, PA6, PES
Size/nm	22	40	2.13	8-15	25×10³
Mass fraction/wt%	0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0	0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0	0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0	0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0	10
Notes：AlOOH—Nano sheet boehmite; MMT—Nano montmorillonite; MWCNTs—Multi-walled carbon nanotubes; PAEK—Modified poly(aryl ether ketone); PA6—Polyamide 6; PES—Polyethersulfone.

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