Abstract: To investigate the interfacial bonding properties of Steel Reinforcement Geopolymer Recycled Concrete (SRGRC), sixteen static push-out specimens were designed, varying in steel protective layer thickness, steel anchorage length, stirrup spacing, slag replacement rate, and curing age. Analysis of the test data encompassed failure modes, load-slip curves, bond strength, and failure mechanisms. Consistent failure processes and crack development were observed, primarily concentrated around the steel flange. Load-slip curves exhibited a consistent pattern: a no-slip region, an ascending region, and a descending region. Significant influences of slag content and steel protective layer thickness on bond strength were identified. Increased curing age enhanced the material's polymerization, leading to a notable 46.9% increase in bond toughness between 90 and 180 days. Extended curing age and increased stirrup ratio effectively delayed damage initiation and propagation. Finally, based on the experimental results, a calculation formula for SRGRC interfacial bond strength and a corresponding bond-slip constitutive model were developed, demonstrating good agreement with the experimental data. The results indicate that the slag replacement ratio, concrete cover thickness, age, and stirrup ratio are key parameters affecting the bond performance of SRGRC. Furthermore, the proposed calculation formula for bond strength and the bond–slip constitutive model can accurately predict the interfacial behavior of SRGRC, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the engineering application of this type of composite structure.