响应面优化卡拉胶/PVA双网络水凝胶耦合AgBr@Ti2O3构筑中空太阳能界面蒸发器

Optimization of the Response Surface for the Construction of Hollow Solar Interfacial Evaporators Using Carrageenan/PVA Bimetric Hydrogels Coupled with AgBr@Ti2O3

  • 摘要: 为构筑低成本、高效稳定的太阳能界面蒸发器,本文以麒麟菜为天然原料,采用响应面法优化卡拉胶提取工艺,并将其与聚乙烯醇构筑双网络水凝胶,进一步耦合AgBr@Ti2O3光热材料制备中空太阳能界面蒸发器(HCE)。结果表明,在NaOH浓度7%、碱处理温度77 ℃、碱处理时间80 min条件下,响应面模型可较好预测卡拉胶产率和凝胶强度;加入12% KCl后,卡拉胶产率达到73.4%,凝胶强度为1279.6 g/cm2。FTIR结果证明提取产物具有κ-卡拉胶典型结构特征。AgBr在Ti2O3表面原位生成形成AgBr@Ti2O3复合光热材料,拓宽了材料的太阳光吸收范围。HCE具有连通多孔结构、快速润湿性和中空蒸汽通道,在1 sun照射下蒸发速率达到5.15 kg m−2 h−1。DSC和Raman结果表明,HCE中水的表观蒸发焓由纯水的2349 J/g降低至1695 J/g,说明双网络水凝胶能够调控水分子氢键结构并降低水蒸发能耗。此外,HCE在盐水循环蒸发中表现出良好的稳定性、脱盐能力和一定抗菌性能。该研究为天然多糖基太阳能界面蒸发器的低成本构筑提供了新思路。

     

    Abstract: Developing low-cost, efficient and durable solar-driven interfacial evaporators from sustainable feedstocks is important for practical solar desalination. Herein, carrageenan was extracted from Eucheuma using a response surface methodology-optimized alkaline treatment and further combined with poly(vinyl alcohol) to construct a double-network hydrogel. By integrating AgBr@Ti2O3 photothermal materials, a hollow carrageenan-based evaporator, denoted as HCE, was fabricated for solar-driven water evaporation. The response surface model reliably predicted carrageenan yield and gel strength under optimized conditions, including an NaOH concentration of 7%, an alkali-treatment temperature of 77℃ and an alkali-treatment time of 80 min. With the addition of 12% KCl, the carrageenan yield reached 73.4%, while the gel strength increased to 1279.6 g cm−2. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the extracted product possessed the characteristic structural features of κ-carrageenan. AgBr was generated in situ on the Ti2O3 surface, forming an AgBr@Ti2O3 composite with an expanded solar absorption range. Benefiting from its interconnected porous network, rapid water wettability and hollow vapor-transport channel, the HCE achieved an evaporation rate of 5.15 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 sun irradiation. Differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy revealed that the apparent evaporation enthalpy of water in the HCE decreased from 2349 J g−1 for bulk water to 1695 J g−1, suggesting that the double-network hydrogel regulated the hydrogen-bonding environment of water and reduced the energetic barrier for evaporation. Moreover, the HCE showed good cyclic stability, desalination capability and moderate antibacterial activity during saline-water evaporation. This work provides a sustainable and cost-effective strategy for constructing natural polysaccharide-based solar interfacial evaporators.

     

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