高性能宽温域不敏感型铌酸钾钠基无铅压电复合陶瓷的设计及制备

Design and preparation of high-performance lead-free piezoelectric composite ceramics based on potassium-sodium niobate with a wide temperature range.

  • 摘要: 开发高性能铌酸钾钠(KNN)基压电陶瓷来取代传统商用铅基陶瓷对社会的可持续发展至关重要。然而,KNN基陶瓷的压电系数(d33)对温度依赖性较强,为平衡KNN基无铅压电陶瓷d₃₃和温度间的制约关系,旨在设计并制备压电性能优异且温度稳定性好的无铅压电陶瓷材料。本文采用“元素掺杂-相界工程-晶格调控”的协同策略,通过固相反应法制备出MgTiO3(MT)掺杂K0.44Na0.52Li0.04Nb0.80Ta0.20O3的陶瓷,实现了压电性能与温度稳定性的协同提升,并系统研究了MgTiO3引入对陶瓷微观结构、压电性能及温度稳定性的影响。其中,MT掺杂含量为2 mol%的陶瓷样品具有优异的压电性能(d₃₃ = 256 pC/N,d₃₃* = 478 pm/V,Smax = 0.1423%)。相较于未掺杂样品,其d33d₃₃*分别提高了30.6%和54.7%,同时展现出优异的温度稳定性(25-250 ℃的范围内,d33值仅下降12.1%)。这项工作对设计高性能宽温域无铅压电陶瓷材料具有指导性意义。

     

    Abstract: The development of high-performance potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric ceramics to replace lead-based ceramics is vital for sustainable social development. However, the piezoelectric constant (d33) of KNN-based ceramics exhibits strong temperature dependence. In this study, through doping MgTiO3 into K0.44Na0.52Li0.04Nb0.80Ta0.20O3 ceramics, a “doping-phase boundary engineering-lattice modulation” tripartite synergistic strategy was employed to simultaneously improve both d₃₃ and temperature stability. High-performance KNN-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were successfully prepared by solid-state reaction method. The effects of the introduction of MgTiO3 on the microstructure, piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of the ceramics were systematically investigated. Among them, the KNLNT-0.02MT ceramic sample exhibited excellent piezoelectric properties (d₃₃ = 256 pC/N, d₃₃* = 478 pm/V, Smax = 0.1423%). Compared to the undoped sample, the d33 and d33* increased by 30.6% and 54.7%, respectively, while exhibiting excellent temperature stability (the d₃₃ values were reduced of only 12.1% over the temperature range of 25 to 250 ℃). This work provides valuable insights into the design of high-performance, wide-temperature-range lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.

     

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