Abstract: To investigate the static performance of FRP-strengthened corroded steel plates, static tensile tests were conducted on 32 FRP-strengthened corroded steel plate specimens. The effects of corrosion duration, FRP type, number of FRP layers, and hybrid strengthening methods on the failure mode, load-displacement relationship, strength, and stiffness of the specimens were analyzed. The results show that as the corrosion degree increased, the failure mode of GFRP-strengthened specimens gradually transitioned from “longitudinal splitting” to “transverse tensile fracture”, while the FRP fracture on the two sides became increasingly asynchronous. The yield load, peak load, and ultimate load of the specimens decreased accordingly. For CFRP-strengthened specimens corroded for 12 months, these indices decreased by 31.6%, 31.3%, and 32.0%, respectively, compared to the uncorroded specimens. Under the same strengthening stiffness, CFRP-strengthened specimens mainly exhibited transverse fracture, while GFRP-strengthened specimens were prone to longitudinal splitting due to their bundled weaving, and BFRP-strengthened specimens were susceptible to shear failure at the ends due to the larger number of bonded layers. Among the three, GFRP-strengthened specimens achieved the highest peak load, followed by BFRP and CFRP specimens. Increasing the number of FRP layers significantly enhanced the load-bearing capacity and secondary stiffness of the specimens, but an excessive number of layers could lead to premature failure due to end shear. Hybrid strengthening using FRP with significantly different strain characteristics (e.g., CFRP/GFRP) enabled graded failure and improved ductility, while combinations with similar strain characteristics (e.g., BFRP/CFRP) exhibited nearly synchronous fracture. This study provides experimental evidence and theoretical references for the FRP strengthening design of corroded steel structures.